d. the majority of students came from upper class families 8. According to the passage, since most of the early universities enjoyed the support of the
Church ........... .
a. state authorities granted them various rights b. the number of students they admitted increased rapidly
c. the academic level of the education they offered was extremely
d. law naturally became one of the major subjects offered
9. As one can understand from the passage, real professional skills ........... .
a. were taught during the university years
b. were normally acquired through a period of apprenticeship c. gained importance in the universities only after 1600
d. were acquired by nearly all university students
The effects of sleep loss are subject to a great many popular misconceptions. The belief that
everyone must sleep 8 hours a night is a myth. According to the results of a recent survey on
the subject, adults average about 7 to 7.5 hours of sleep per night, and many individuals
function effectively with 5 to 6 hours of sleep. In fact, 30 percent of the population (slightly
more in men) sleep less than 5 hours per night. Another significant fact is that sleep time
decreases with age.
10. According told in the passage, the popular assumption that eight hours of sleep per night is
essential ............ .
a. is only true for the elderly
b. has been supported by scientific evidence
c. is actually a fallacy d. is only true for 20 percent of the population
11. The survey referred to in the passage indicates that as people get older .......... .
a. they sleep less and less b. they require more sleep than formerly
c. their sleep time varies between 7 and 8 hours
d. they rarely sleep less than 7 hours
12. It is pointed out in the passage that a sleep time under 8 hours ........ .
a. is not recommended in the survey
b. invariably leads to noticeable inefficiency
