Romanticism in literature

www.ijcrt.org


 
© 2022 IJCRT | Volume 10, Issue 5 May 2022 | ISSN: 2320-2882
 
IJCRT2205067 
International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT) 
www.ijcrt.org
 
a557 
The second phase of Romanticism, starting from the period 1805 to the 1830s was marked 
by a fast-growing cultural nationalism and a new center of attraction towards the national 
origins, along with the collection and imitation of native folklore, folk ballads and poetry, 
folk dance and music and even previously ignored medieval and the Renaissance works. The 
revived historical acknowledgment was translated into imaginative writing by Sir Walter 
Scott, who is very often accepted to have invented the historical novel. At about this same 
time English Romantic poetry had reached its pinnacle in the works of Percy Bysshe 
Shelley, John Keats, and Lord Byron. 
A notable by-product of the Romantic interest in the emotions were works dealing with the 
supernatural, the weird, and the horrible, as in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and works by 
Charles Robert Maturin, the Marquis de Sade, and E.T.A. Hoffmann. The second phase of 
Romanticism in Germany was dominated by Achim von Arnim, Clemens Brentano, Joseph 
von Görres, and Joseph von Eichendorff. 
By the 1820s Romanticism had broadened its area to embrace the literature of entire Europe. 
Later in the second phase, the movement was less universal in approach and concentrated 
more on exploring each nation’s cultural and historical inheritance and on examining the 
passions and struggles of exceptional individuals. A brief survey of Romantic influenced 
writers would include Thomas De Quincey, William Hazlitt, and Charlotte, Emily, and Anne 
Brontë in England; Victor Hugo, Alfred de Vigny, Alphonse de Lamartine, Alfred de 
Musset, Stendhal, Prosper Mérimée, Alexandre Dumas and Théophile Gautier in France; 
Alessandro Manzoni and Giacomo Leopardi in Italy; Aleksandr Pushkin and Mikhail 
Lermontov in Russia; José de Espronceda and Ángel de Saavedra in Spain; Adam 
Mickiewicz in Poland and almost all of the important writers in pre-Civil War America.