Science and Education in Karakalpakstan. 2023 №2/1 ISSN 2181-9203
37
The main problem of adsorption purification of gas on zeolites from hydrogen sulfide in the
presence of CO
2
is
that
the adsorption of CO
2
and
H
2
S results
in the
formation of carbon sulfide
oxide (COS) according to the reaction [5]:
CO
2
+ H
2
S → COS + H
2
O
Although the equilibrium constant of this reaction is small and amounts to 6.6∙10
-6
at 298 K,
however, the almost complete removal of H
2
O vapors in the frontal layer of the zeolite shifts the
equilibrium to the right, and this leads to the formation of significant concentrations of COS.
Zeolites
are regenerated with nitrogen, low-sulfur natural or petroleum gas,
and the content of
sulfurous substances in the regeneration gases (regenerates) increases by 5–10 times compared to
the initial one. In addition to coals and zeolites, aluminum oxide, bauxites, aluminosilicates, etc. are
also used in the purification process substances that are difficult to remove by other means, such as
thiophene and its derivatives.
This method also has a number of significant drawbacks. Almost all gases contain a certain
amount of H
2
O, CO
2
vapors, higher hydrocarbons, which are well adsorbed by coals and zeolites,
which reduces the sulfur capacity of adsorbents. The periodic purification
process requires the
installation of several columns operating in parallel: on some, sulfurous substances are absorbed
(adsorption stage), and on others, adsorbents are regenerated.
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