Science and Education in Karakalpakstan issn 2181-9203 Science Magazine chief editor

party and the Soviet apparatus. 
Despite strict censorship, in December 1920 - January 1921. re-elections were held again, 
where Muslim believers also participated. Residents of the Nukus volost, for example, elected 
Tolebay Dzhaulybaev, translator, former secretary of the volost governor Iniyat Niyazov, as 
chairman of the executive committee in 1880-1916. Starting from 1922, noticeable changes took 
place in the administration of the Amudar region of the Turk ASSR, representatives of the 
indigenous peoples living in the region began to be appointed leaders of the region. So from 

---

Science and Education in Karakalpakstan. 2023 №2/1 ISSN 2181-9203 
274 
January 1922, the Executive Committee was headed by Mukhamedzhan Baldzhanov, and the 
members of the Executive Committee were appointed: Zhamankaziev, Khudaibergenov, 
Yaugasharov, Kazybagarov, Adinaev, Altybaev, Sherimbetov, Nepesov. The new government 
faced great difficulties in the socio-economic sphere, which led to the First World War, the coming 
to power of the Bolsheviks, the policy of war communism and the nationalization of property. It 
was necessary to reinforce the Regional Apparatus with responsible qualified workers. Of course, it 
was necessary for the Center to appoint the following persons from among local employees: 
• Chairman of the Regional ECOSO; 
• Chairman of the Regional State Planning Committee; 
• head of the regional financial department; 
• Deputy Regional Prosecutor[7.98].
Thus, the original apparatus of the Soviet institutions of the Region turned out to be of little 
viability. 
On April 19, 1921, 978 deputies were elected to 16 volost executive committees, 2 rural 
executive committees, 17 rural and 60 aul councils: 668 (68.3%) of them were poor, 303 (31%) 
were middle peasants, 7 were bais ( 0.7%. Among the elected were 518 Karakalpaks (53%), 253 
Uzbeks (25.9%), 181 Kazakhs (18.5%), 26 Turkmens (2.7%). In total, 46 (4.7%) deputies of local 
councils were members of the RCP (b) [8.3]. The re-elections of October 6, 1922 led to changes in 
the composition of the political elite and its rejuvenation. So, at the age of 30, Nurgabul 
Keulimzhaev headed the Chimbai district executive committee. The issues raised by one of the 
leaders of the region Mukhamedzhan Baldzhanov in 1922 remained relevant in the socio-economic 
sphere and in solving the personnel problem and management: 
1. In order for the region to develop into an independent administrative and economic unit, it 
is necessary to regulate the connection with the center of the Turkish Republic. 2. Curtail the Soviet 
apparatus within the limits of necessity, subject to the indispensable condition of balancing the costs 
of wages and operational needs. 
3. It is necessary to zoning the region in order to reduce the administrative units in the 
counties. 
4. Resolve the issue of borders with the Khorezm SSR. 
5. To regulate the issue of land use and the use of forest dachas at the expense of the state 
budget. 
6. A subsidy is needed to raise public education and health care to the proper height[9.134].
There were objective reasons hindering the activities of the Regional Executive Committee: 
• unsettled relations with the center of the republic; 
• the absence of a solid scheme for building the Soviet apparatus and the order of 
subordination of departments, 
• lack of sufficient funds, as the loans transferred by the center were far from sufficient; 
• unsystematic spending of local funds; 
• almost complete lack of qualified employees. 
To improve the local Soviet apparatus, on April 15, 1923, the first meeting of the volost and 
aul executive committees of the Amudarya region was convened in Turtkul, which was attended by 
73 representatives. 
According to the results of the elections of 1923 on November 16, a new composition of the 
Executive Committee of the Amudarya region was elected. New people began to appear on the 
political arena: Zhumagali Atashev, Uzbek, 20 years old, education - parish school, became 
chairman of the Executive Committee. In January 1924, the Executive Committee of the Amudarya 
Region was dissolved in connection with the uprising of Junaid Khan in Khorezm, and on February 
28, the Provisional Revolutionary Committee of the Amudarya Region, headed by Drozdov, was 

---