The tick penetrates deeply into the skin for a few days, increases in size, after which it independently peels off.
When a tick bite, the virus enters the blood of the bitten.
Roughly expressed local reaction is more often combined with severe disease flow.
Encephalitis disease does not occur after any tick bite: even in very active endemic foci, only 0.5-5% of mites are carriers of the virus.
2. alimentary
When eating raw goat milk.
It is possible to be infected when the virus hits the mucous membrane of the mouth from contaminated hands, for example, when crushing a tick.
pathogenesis
After getting the virus into the body during the bite, it begins to multiply in the immediate vicinity of the bite ( in the skin and in the subcutaneous fat fiber).
In case of alimentary infection, the virus multiplication occurs in the tissues of the gastrointestinal tract, then it penetrates into the blood and is hematogenic spread throughout the body (viremia stage).
The incubation period is 8-20 days. In the case of alimentary method of infection, the incubation period is 4-7 days.
Forms of tick-borne encephalitis
1. Poliomyelitis form
2. Meningeal
3. Meningoencephalitis
clinic
1. Polio formThe disease usually begins sharply with a sharp rise in body temperature to 39-40 "C, chills, severe headache, vomiting, muscle pain.
Characteristic appearance of the patient: hyperemia of the face, neck, scleral injection, conjunctiva.
Consciousness is preserved, but in more severe cases stunning, delirious state is possible.
On the 2nd-4th day the disease is joined by pronounced meningeal phenomena: stiff neck muscles, symptoms of Kernig, Brudzinsky.
Then there are the weak paralysis of the shoulder belt and proximal arms. Due to weakness of the neck muscles, a "dangling" head develops.
