Studies in economics and education in the modern world

STUDIES IN ECONOMICS AND EDUCATION IN THE MODERN WORLD
Vol. 2 No. 7 (2023) 
 168 
lead to a significant decline in soil fertility, as they remove nutrients from the soil. 
The economic impact of embossed nematodes is particularly severe for small-scale 
farmers who rely on crops for their livelihoods. 
Control measures for embossed nematodes: 
Several studies have been conducted in the Surkhandarya region to develop 
effective strategies for controlling embossed nematodes. One of the most effective 
control measures is improving soil health by increasing the amount of organic 
matter in the soil, which reduces soil acidity and boosts soil fertility. Crop rotation 
is another effective strategy that can help reduce nematode populations. 
Alternatively, farmers can use nematode-resistant crops or biological control 
agents to reduce the nematode population in the soil. 
Integrated Pest Management: 
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a holistic approach to managing pests and 
diseases in agricultural ecosystems. This approach involves combining different 
control measures to reduce pest populations and minimize their impact on crops. In 
the case of embossed nematodes, IPM strategies could include soil management, 
crop rotation, nematode-resistant crops, and biological control agents. 
The natural conditions of the Surkhandarya region, warm climate, rapid 
development of agriculture, allow the cultivation of ecologically clean fruits, 
vegetables and berries. The fact that vegetable crops are grown in large quantities, 
the population's need for fresh vegetables allows to satisfy, to re-produce and 
export vegetable products. The growth of the gross vegetable harvest is mainly due 
to the increase in the number of greenhouses. 
A total of 29 agroclusters are operating in Surkhandarya region. 13 of them are 
fruits and vegetables (production volume – 92,688 tons). In the region, 404.1 
hectares of land are allocated for greenhouses by 122 farms, of which 5 of 45 
hectares are hydroponic greenhouses, and 117 of them are greenhouses of 359.1 
hectares. 
In recent years, the volume of vegetable production has more than doubled, and at 

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