Management
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SVCO with severe symptoms is an emergency.
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Nurse the patient in propped up position.
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Prescribe Dexamethasone 16 mg od PO or 8mg b.d PO
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If unable to tolerate oral medication prescribe Dexamethasone 16mg CSCI or IV /24 hours.
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Analgesics as required but avoid oversedation
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Self expanding metal stent
In patients with significant SVCO a stent can be introduced into the SVC via a brachiocephalic or
femoral vein. This may be done while waiting for biopsy report and is especially useful in those
patients who have tumours which are not radiotherapy or chemotherapy sensitive. Patients are
anticoagulated with heparin before stent insertion. This treatment may also be considered for
patients who fail to improve with radiotherapy and steroids or in whom SVCO recurs. Discuss
with oncology consultant and interventional radiologist.
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Urgent oncology referral:
1. Radiotherapy to the mediastinum is the treatment of choice for tumours which are sensitive to
radiotherapy e.g. non-small cell lung cancer (75-90% respond: response often begins within
72 hours)
2. Chemotherapy may be used for tumours that are sensitive eg small cell lung cancer, lympho-
mas, germ cell tumours.
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