Svetlana Vladimirovna Boshno

The features of subjects of legal relations make influence on methods 
of legal effect of the state. Subjects of law may be made public. Then they 
are immediately empowered with the rights and duties of the state for the 
implementation of its functions that predetermines the characteristics of the impact 
on it by the supreme bodies of state power. Public entities have a dual origin, as 
on the one hand, in relation to some subjects (citizens), they are powerful and 
provide them with guidance as to their lawful conduct, and on the other hand – 
receive guidance on the vertical of state authorities. Citizens are only in horizontal 
relationships. Exerting influence on the participants of the public relations, a state 
uses the desired and undesired effects for specific subjects that matter to them. 
For example, citizens may be subject to imprisonment, and public authorities-
to disband. Citizens are free to select the model of lawful behavior, and public 
authorities can only act within the limits of their competence.
Legal relations, as a general rule, are bilateral, respectively, two sides of 
LAW AND MODERN STATES 
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the relationship are in a certain position relative to each other. The nature and 
relationship of rights and duties of subjects of legal relations, reflecting their legal 
nature, has the position of the subjects with respect to one another as a result. 
Subjects of law always have reciprocal rights and obligations, but they can share 
them on an equal footing and in a position of dependence of one from the other. 
They can share the rights and responsibilities of their own free will or by force. And 
this is their position may vary in different legal relations with the same participants. 
Thus, the state and legal entity may meet in civil-legal relations. By the nature, 
civil relations are relations of equality, the relationship of rights and duties of 
subjects occurs at the request of the participants. These participants may enter 
into interaction to bring to legal liability. In such administrative relations, the parties 
are not equal to each other, and a public authority imposes requirements to a 
subordinate entity. Thus,