The methods for learning polysemantic words in russian

NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS
JournalNX- A Multidisciplinary Peer Reviewed Journal
ISSN No:
 
2581 - 4230 
VOLUME 7, ISSUE 10, Oct. -2021
110 | 
P a g e
units are included in one synonymous row, 
then the different meanings still retain 
semantic similarity and, therefore, it is too 
early to talk about the development of 
polysemy into homonymy. If they have 
different synonyms, then we have a 
homonymy. The words main and main are 
synonymous, therefore, we have two meanings 
of the same word. And here is another example: 
the word thin in the meaning not well-fed 
forms a synonymous row with the adjectives 
skinny, feeble, lean, dry, and thin - devoid of 
positive qualities - with the adjectives bad, 
nasty, bad. The words skinny, puny, etc. are not 
synonymous with the words bad, nasty. This 
means 
that 
the lexical 
units 
under 
consideration 
are 
independent, 
i.e. 
homonymous. 
2. A morphological method is used to 
distinguish between two similar phenomena: 
polysemantic words and homonyms are 
characterized by different word formations. 
So, lexical units that have several meanings 
form new words using the same affixes. For 
example, the nouns bread - cereal and bread - 
food baked from flour, form an adjective with 
the suffix - and -; Wed respectively: grain 
shoots and grain smell. A different word 
formation is characteristic of homonyms thin 
and thin. The first has derivatives of the word: 
thinness, lose weight, thin; in the second - to 
worsen, aggravation. This convinces them of 
their complete semantic isolation. 
3. A semantic way of differentiating these 
phenomena is also used. The meanings of 
homonymous words are always mutually 
exclusive, and the meanings of a polysemantic 
word form one semantic structure, maintaining 
semantic similarity: one of the meanings 
presupposes the other, there is no 
insurmountable 
border 
between 
them. 
However, all three methods of differentiating 
ambiguity 
and 
homonymy 
cannot 
be 
considered completely reliable. 
There are cases when synonyms for different 
meanings of a word do not enter into 
synonymous relations with each other when 
homonymous words have not yet diverged 
during word-formation. Therefore, there are 
often discrepancies in the definition of the 
boundaries of homonymy and polysemy, which 
affects the interpretation of some words in 
dictionaries.