The ministry of higher and secondary special education of the republic of uzbekistan



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ENGLISH PHONETICS

Us 
[
ə
s, s, '

s]
 
 
 
 
 
You 
[ju, 'ju:] 
 

 
- They want us to go and see them… 
 
- You can ask them tonight… 
- Let’s ask them to come here…
 
- What day would you like? 
- That would be easier for us… 
 
 
- I’ll leave it to you…
 
 
c)
 
Articles
 
 
The 

ə
, 'ði˙]
 
 
 
 
 

[
ə
, '
ə
n] 

 
- The apples are on the table… 
 
 
- I have a brother and a sister… 
- The oranges are in the kitchen…
 
- I have an uncle and an aunt…
 
 

d)
 
Miscellaneous
 
 
 
Some 
[sm, s
ə
m, 's

m] 
 
 
 
Who 
[u:, 'hu:]

- Will you have some more bread?… 
 
- That’s the man, who helped me... 
- No, but I’d like some more tea, please..
- It’s the man who lives next door... 
- I think there’s still some in the teapot…
- Who’s that with him, I wonder?..
 
 

 
 
That 

ə
t, 'ðæt] 
 


There 

ə
, ð
ə
r, 'ðe
ə
]
 
- Here’s the cup that John broke… 
 
- There’s a fly in my tea… 
- He said that Mary did it… 
 
 
- There are two in mine… 
- I don’t believe that… 
 
 
 
- There goes another… 
 


44 
Not 
[nt, 'n

t] 
 
 
 
Till 
[tl, 't
ɪ
l]
 
 
 
- I’m sorry you can’t stay… 
 
 
- I shall be here till Friday… 
- I’m afraid I haven’t time … 
 
 
- Can’t I stay till Saturday? 
- It’s not very late.
 
 
 
- Till I get a letter, I don’t know… 
 
And 
[
ə
n, 'ænd]
 
 
 
 
 
But 
[ b
ə
t, 'b

t]

- You and I are of the same age…
 
- I’m sorry, but I didn’t understand 
- So are John and Mary...
 
 
- But I spoke quite dearly... 
- And Tom, too...
 
 
 
- Ah, but you spoke too quickly… 
 
As 
[
ə
z, 'æz]
 
 
 
 
 
Than 

ə
n]
- Mary’s as tall as I am…
 
 
- Mary’s taller than me... 
- She’s not as fat though...
 
 
- She’s thinner than you, too... 
- As to that, I don’t know... 
 
Questions for Discussion 
1.
What phenomenon is called “reduction”?
2.
Name the sounds which are commonly found in the unstressed syllables. 
3.
How many types of reduction do you know? 
4.
What degrees of the reduction do you know? Give an example. 
5.
Read the following sentence: ‘I can read it alone’. What type of reduction is observed 
in the word 
can

6.
Are the personal and possessive pronouns generally stressed in connected speech? 
7.
Are the auxiliary and modal verbs generally stressed in connected speech? 
8.
In what positions are prepositions generally stressed in a sentence? 
9.
Which form-words have no weak forms?
 
SELF – TEST 
1. Find the line of the words with soft reduction: 
a
) pity, student, curtain 
b) city, indefinite, record 
c) cotton, mountain, village 
2. Find the line of the words with hard reduction: 
a) summer, climate, potato 
b) Sunday, perhaps, suppose 
c) adopt, compose, compulsory
3. Find the line of the words with complete reduction: 
a) lesson, cotton, captain 
b) luggage, climate, Negro 
c) cucumber, cotton, curtain
4.
State the type of reduction of the following words: 
 
decide, polite, cotton, pencil, climate, comrade, potato, unite, education, solemn,
silent, silence, possible 
 
 


45 
 
5.
Transcribe, mark the stresses and tunes and read the sentence: 
He isn’t away, is he?
Give examples where link verbs have their strong forms. 
6.
Transcribe, mark the stresses and tunes and read the sentences: 
We have an elder 
brother.
He has left for Tashkent at present.
How have you transcribed the verb 
have
in 
the first sentence, and 
has
in the second?
7.
Give examples of the word 
that
as a demonstrative pronoun and as a conjunction. 
8.
Pronounce the correct forms of the verb 
can
in the phrase: 
I can do it as well.
And now 
in: 
Can you write it yourself?
Give other examples where auxiliary and modal verbs 
have their strong forms. 
9.
Give examples to illustrate the verb 
to do
in the reduced and non-reduced forms? 
10.
Transcribe and read the sentence: 
He is right
. What type of reduction is found in the 
word 
he

11.
Mark sentence-stresses and underline all the content words in the sentence: 
I sent them 
a photo of the children
. What parts of speech are content words? 
12.
Mark sentence-stresses and underline all the form-words in the sentence: 
They all went 
for a walk in the park
. What parts of speech are form-words? 

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