The organs of speech


labiodental (the obstruction is formed by the lower lip being pressed against the upper teeth): [f], [v] c) forelingual



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Phonetics методичка

labiodental (the obstruction is formed by the lower lip being pressed against the upper teeth):

[f], [v]

c) forelingual (the obstruction is formed by the front part of the tongue):



[Ө], [ð], [t], [d], [l], [s], [z], [  ], [ ], [t ], [ ]

d) mediolingual ( the front of the tongue is raised to the hard palate):



[j]

e) backlingual (the back of the tongue is raised to the soft palate):



[k], [g], [ŋ]

f) glottal (the place of obstruction is the pharynx):



[h]

  1. According to the manner of the production of noise, consonants are divided into:

  1. occlusive (in making occlusive consonants the active organs of speech form a complete obstruction).They are subdivided:



  1. plosives (a kind of explosion is heard)

[b], [p], [d], [t], [k], [g]

2) occlusive sonants



[m], [n], [ŋ]

b) constrictive consonants (in making them the active organs form a narrowing of the air passage). They are subdivided into:

1. fricative [f], [v], [Ө], [ð], [h], [s], [z], [  ], [ ]

2. constrictive sonants [j], [l], [v], [r]

c) affricates (in pronouncing these sounds the articulating organs form a complete obstruction at first and then they are slowly released forming a narrow air passage).

[ t ], [ ]


  1. According to the work of vocal chords, consonants are divided into voiced and voiceless.


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