The present perfect tense

Actions completed in the very recent past (+just)

Have you just finished work?

I have just eaten.

We have just seen her.

Has he just left?

When the precise time of the action is not important or not known

When the precise time of the action is not important or not known

• Someone has eaten my soup!
• Have you seen 'Gone with the Wind'?
• She's studied Japanese, Russian, and English.

Forming the Present Perfect

The present perfect of any verb is composed of two elements : the appropriate form of the auxiliary verb to have (present tense), plus the past participle of the main verb. The past participle of a regular verb is base+ed, e.g. played, arrived, looked. For irregular verbs, see the Table of irregular verbs in the section called 'Verbs'.

Affirmative
Subject	to have	past participle
She	has	visited.
Negative
Subject	to have + not	past participle
She	has not (hasn't)	visited.
Interrogative
to have	subject	past participle
Has	she	visited?
Negative interrogative
to have + not	subject	past participle
Hasn't	she	visited?

To Walk, present perfect

Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative
I have walked	I haven't walked	Have I walked?
You have walked	You haven't walked.	Have you walked?
He, she, it has walked	He, she, hasn't walked	Has he, she, it walked?
We have walked	We haven't walked	Have we walked?
You have walked	You haven't walked	Have you walked?
They have walked	They haven't walked	Have they walked?

QUIZ TIME

1. Lindsay _____ not been to France.

A) has

B) is

C) have

2. _____ you finished your homework?

A) Have

B) Has

C) Is

3. They___ gone to a rock concert.

A) ‘s

B) ‘es

C) ‘ve

4. _____ you been to Japan?

A) Is

B) Have

C) Has

5. We _____ never eaten Mexican food.

5. We _____ never eaten Mexican food.

A) have

B0 has

C) are

6. Andrea has _____ her umbrella.

A) forget

B) forgetting

C) forgotten

7. _____ the sun come up?

A) Was

B) Have

C) Has

8. The children ________ the lost puppy.

A) have find

B) is finding

C) have found

9. Wiwi's been a vegetarian _____ three years.

A) since

B) for

C) after

10. I haven't worked _____ last December.

A) since

B) for

C) by

ANSWERS

1. has

2. Have

3. ‘ve

4. Have

5. have

6. forgotten

7. Has

8. have found

9. for

10. since