Time in the Teachings of Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi

Aba
, the name of 63 to 
Ima
, of 45 to 
Ze‘ir 
anpin 
and of 52 to 
Malkhut
.
104
The process of purification takes place between the 
lower two names, which subsequently are depicted as masculine and feminine.
105
return, and seek the Lord their God, and David their King; and shall fear the Lord and his goodness in 
the latter days’”
 
[Appendix 15]. 
104
See Kallus, “The Theurgy of Prayer,” 134-36. 
105
See for example LT 
Va-yikra 
3c-d, where Adam is identified with the name of 45 (since the 
numerical value of Adam is 45) and Eve is identified with 
Malkhut
and the name of 52. Consequently, 
as Eve was taken out of Adam’s flesh, the feminine name of 52 is derived from the masculine name of 
45. Rashaz applies the distinction between these two names to his psychology (where 45 refers to the 
divine soul and 52 to the animal soul, for 52 equals 
behemah
– animal. See for example T1, 46:66b; 
TO 18a, 47d, 76b; LT 
Va-yikra
3b-d, 
Tsav
8b, 
Shemini
‘atseret
, 19a, 
Emor 
35d, as well as Rashaz’s 
doctrine of divine service (where 45 represents Torah study and the ecstatic “great love” [
ahavah 

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232 
The name of 52, corresponding to 
Malkhut 
of the World of Emanation, fell down 
during the breaking of the vessels and is responsible for the purification of the lower 
worlds – Creation, Formation and Making, that is, for the separation of good from 
evil, whereas the name of 45 subsequently purifies the name of 52, transforming it to 
good.
106
These processes are described in terms of the elevation of female waters 
[
mayin nukbin
] and the drawing down of male waters [
mayin dukhrin
],
107
which 
corresponds to two types of nullification [
bitul
] – the nullification of being [
bitul ha-
yesh
] and the uppermost nullification [
bitul ‘elyon
].
108
In the former, independent 
existence is nullified (“included in the aspect of nullification”
109
) whereas in the 
latter the female waters are “verily included in the divinity by way of nullification, 
that is, in the [World of] Emanation, [in the] upper unification [where] ‘He and his 
life forces and his causations are one.’”
110
The lower purification is attributed to Aharon and the upper to Moses,
111
which indicates the different temporal configurations of each one: 
rabah
], whereas 52 stands for prayer and “worldly love” [
ahavat ‘olam
], namely love of God that 
results from contemplation of the world. See TO 47d-48a. For a discussion of these two types of love, 
see T1, 43:62b and Foxbrunner, 
Habad
, 178-85). 
106
See TO 47d-48a. 
107
On male and female waters see Scholem, 
On the Mystical Shape
, 187-8;
Wolfson, 
Circle in the 
Square
, 110-115. 
108
On different types of nullification in the Habad tradition, see Wolfson, 
Open Secret
, 75-6.
109
LT 
‘Ekev
15d. 
110
Ibid. The expression “He and his life forces and his causations are one” comes from 
Tikunei zohar
, 
Hakdamah, 3b. 
111
See TO 99c. The attribution of the lower nullification to Eliyahu in the same passage is based on 
the numerical value of his name which is 52, whereas the relation of Moses to the upper annihilation 
is based on Moses’ expression [Ex 16:7-8]: “And what are we? [