Victorian age literature

Aim of the work: Victorian writers have also responded to works by previous generations. George Landowe argued that Victorians wanted to avoid what they saw as “the extreme subjectivity of romantics” while maintaining their “individuality, originality, intensity and above all sincerity”. Thus, Victorian literature seeks to combine the use of romantic subjectivity ~ 1798-1830 with the objectivity of Augustines 1660-1798. Lendow argues that the emergence of dramatic monologues and autobiographical fiction was used to bring personal experience into the literature because the author does not think for himself.
Task of the work: The novel can be considered one of the aspects of Victorian literary research. It continued to evolve and eventually became the primary means of written expression. In the novel, realism became the main literary feature of the period and demonstrated the harmony of romantic subjectivity and August objectivity. George Eliot writes in his book Adam Bede: "Let there be people who are willing to give the pain of the love of life for the true embodiment of ordinary things."
Theorotical and methological basic of the work: As can be seen from this quote, other realist writers such as Eliot and Dickens believed that the goal of literature should be to accurately portray the world and depict realistic scenes with complex, vital characters. This movement shows Augustus returning to objectivity through empiricism and observation of the world around him . Lendou However, the impact of the romantic current on Victorian writers is seen through the way these observations are presented.
The structure of the course work. This course work consists of an introduction, two chapters, four paragraphs, a conclusion, and a list of references .


CHAPTER I. THE VICTORIAN AGE.
1.1. Prose fiction.
Victorian literature refers to English literature from the time of Queen Victoria 1837-1901. The 19th century is considered by some to be the golden age of English literature, especially English novels. During the Victorian era, the novel became the leading literary genre in English. The English writing of this period reflects great changes in many aspects of English life, from scientific, economic and technological advances to changes in class structures and the role of religion in society. Well-known novelists of this period include Charles Dickens, William Tekerey, three sisters Bronte , George Eliot and Thomas Hardy¹.
While the Romantic period was a period of abstract expression and self-reflection, Victorian-era essayists, poets, and novelists began to reflect on the realities of the day, including the dangers of factory work, the state of the classes, and attitudes toward them. women and children. Poet Elizabeth Barrett Brown and writers Charles Dickens and Thomas Hardy are striking examples. Barrett’s work on child labor reinforced his success in a male-dominated world, where female writers were often forced to use male nicknames. Dickens used a sense of humor and convenience in solving social problems such as wealth inequality. Hardy used his novels to question religion and social structures.
In Victorian times, there was also poetry and theater. Robert Browning and Alfred Tennison were the most famous poets of Victoria England. As for the theater, it was not until the last decades of the 19th century that important works were created. Well-known playwrights of that period include Gilbert and Sullivan, George Bernard Shaw and Oscar Wilde.
Charles Dickens is the most famous writer of the Victorian era. Focusing on strong character, Dickens became very popular in his time and remains one of the most famous and widely read authors in the world. His first novel, Pickwick Papers 1836–37, written at the age of twenty-five, was an instant success, and all his subsequent works sold well. His first novel comedy has a satirical tone, and it permeates all his works. Although most of the novels were published in three volumes in the early 19th century, the monthly series was revived between April 1836 and November 1837 with the publication of twenty volumes of Charles Dickens's Pickwick Papers. The demand to add a new element to each episode was high. , whether it’s a plot twist or a new protagonist, to keep readers interested. Dickens worked diligently and productively to create the interesting works that the public needed, as well as to comment on social problems, the fate of the poor and oppressed. His most important works were Oliver Twist 1837–39, Nicholas Nickleby 1838–39, Christmas Carol 1843, Dombey and the Son 1846–1848, David Copperfield 1849–50, and the Cold House 1852. -1848. 53, Dorrit the Younger 1855–1857, A Tale of Two Cities 1859, and Great Expectations 1860–61. There is a gradual trend in his fiction to dark themes that reflect most of the trend of 19th century writing².
William Tekerey was a major opponent of Dickens in the first half of Queen Victoria’s reign. With a similar style, but with a slightly more isolated, sharp and sharp satirical attitude than his protagonists, he tended to portray a middle-class society more than Dickens. He is best known for his novel Vanity Fair 1848, A Novel Without a Hero, an example of a popular form of Victorian literature: a historical novel depicting recent history.
Bronte sisters wrote fiction that was radically different from the ordinary literature of the time.
Anne, Charlotte, and Emily Bronte created well-known works of the time, although they were not immediately appreciated by Victorian critics . Emily’s only work, Wuthering Heights 1847, is an example of Gothic romanticism from the point of view of a woman who studies class, myth, and gender. Her sister Charlotte’s Jane Eyre 1847 is another major novel written on 19th-century Gothic themes. Anna’s second novel, The Tenant of Wildfell Hall 1848, is written in a realistic style rather than a romantic style, usually the first ongoing feminist novel.
Later in this period, George Eliot Mary Ann Evans published The Mill on the Rope in 1860, and in 1872 his most famous work, Middlmarch. Like Bronte, he also published under a male pseudonym.
Writer Thomas Hardy wrote in the last decades of the Victorian era. His most famous works are "Under the Green Tree" 1872, "Away from the Strange Crowd" 1874, " The Mayor of Casterbridge" 1886, "D'Urberville Tess" 1891 and "The Unknown Jude" 1895. Hardy, known for his vulgar but simple depiction of animal life in English villages, opposed widespread urbanization, a symbol of the Victorian era³.
Other important writers of this period were Elizabeth Gaskell 1810-1865, Anthony Trollope 1815-1882, George Meredith 1828-1909 and George Gissing 1857-1903.
Robert Brown 1812-1889 and Alfred Tennison 1809-1892 were famous poets in Victorian England. Thomas Hardy wrote poetry all his life, but did not publish his collection until 1898. The poems of Gerard Manley Hopkins 1844-1889 were published in 1918 after his death. Algernon Charles Swinburne 1837–1909 was also an important literary figure of the period, in particular his poetry and critical writings. VB Yeats’s first poems were also published during the Victorian era. It was not until the last decade of the 19th century that important theatrical performances began, beginning with the comic operas of Gilbert and Sullivan in the 1870s, the plays of George Bernard Shaw 1856–1950 and Oscar Wilde in the 1890s. 1854–1900. The importance of being serious.
Elizabeth Barrett Browning and Robert Brown took their romance through poetry and wrote many delicate and passionate poems. Both Matthew Arnold and Gerard Manley Hopkins wrote poems between romantic poetry and the joyous nature of early 20th-century Georgian poetry. However , Hopkins' poems were not published until 1918. Arnold’s works foretell some of the themes of these later poets, and Hopkins was inspired by poetic forms of ancient English poetry, such as Beowulf.
Restoration of the past has been a major part of Victorian literature, with an interest in both classical literature and medieval English literature. The move goes back to Letitia Elizabeth Landon, especially her poetry collections like Wikisource-logo.svg “Troubadour” . and Wikisource-logo.svg With golden purple, romance and knightly tales. The Victorians loved the heroic, courageous tales of the ancient knights, and they hoped to recapture some of those noble, captivating actions and amaze people both at home and in the wider empire. The best example of this is Alfred Tennison’s The Idols of the King, which combines Arthur’s stories, especially Thomas Malori’s stories, with contemporary issues and ideas. The pre-Raphael brotherhood also relied on legends and folklore for its art, with Dante Gabriel Rossetti being the chief poet among them at the same time, although his sister Christina was now considered a powerful poet by scholars⁴.