1
Warm up
Task 1 Look at this picture. Give your opinions.
1 What is on the screen?
2 What do the colours mean?
3 What kind of glasses are the people wearing?
4 Who are the people?
5 What are they looking for?
Vocabulary tasks:
Task 2 Translate the active vocabulary of the lesson into Uzbek language and
learn them by heart.
seismic, bearing, coordinates, geophone, heading, layer, position, signal, truck,
vibration, wave, waypoint, convert, record, reflect, water resistant, weight, dust;
Task 3 Study diagram 1 and
discuss the questions.
1) Which rock can hold water, oil,
and gas?
2) Which rock is hard and very
solid?
3) Why is the gas above the oil?
4) Why can't the gas go up to the
surface?
Task 4 Study diagram 2 and
complete the sentences.
1) Vibrations produce
___________.
2) A microphone converts
sound waves into
____________,
LESSON 9 EXPLORATION PART I
2
Reading tasks:
Task 5 Read the text and translate it into Uzbek.
How to find oil traps
Drilling is expensive.
So
oil
companies
plan
carefully before they start
drilling. First they make 3D
maps of the rocks below the
surface. Then they study these
maps carefully. They look for
possible oil traps. How do
they make these maps? How
do they find out what is below
the surface? The answer is
'seismic waves'.
Seismic waves are sound waves, and they can travel through rock layers.
Most oil companies use vibrator trucks to make seismic waves. These heavy trucks
make vibrations on the surface, and the vibrations send waves down to the rocks
below.
Each rock layer reflects some of
the waves. The reflected waves travel up
to geophones on the surface. Geophones
are like microphones: they convert the
waves into electrical signals. A machine
in the recording truck records the signals.
Computers
can
convert
these
signals into 3D maps. Seismic reflection
works at sea too. But the crews use
hydrophones, not geophones, and they
use an underwater gun to make seismic
waves.
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