What are greenhouse gases?

• The Greenhouse
• Effect

• What is it?

What are greenhouse gases?

• Any gases that cause the “greenhouse effect!”

• carbon dioxide

• nitrous oxide

• methane

• Imagine… a car on a cool but sunny day…

• water vapor

• GLOBAL
• CLIMATE CHANGE

• What is it?

Global Climate Change

• Identifiable change in the climate of Earth as a whole that lasts for an extended period of time (decades or longer)
• When due to natural processes, it is usually referred to as global climate variability
• Usually refers to changes forced by human activities that change the atmosphere

• Climate Changes Currently Happening

What causes Earth’s climate to change?

• Changes in the atmosphere
• Natural processes
• Volcanoes
• Tectonic plate movement
• Changes in the sun
• Shifts in Earth’s orbit
• Human activities – any activity that releases “greenhouse gases” into the atmosphere

• GLOBAL
• CLIMATE CHANGE

• Well, what do the data say?

• Meet an Ice Core Scientist

• What does this graph mean?

• What about those natural processes that can cause climate change?

• Click to explore these natural processes at the EPA website!

• “Their effects [those of human-caused greenhouse gases], together with those of other anthropogenic drivers, have been detected throughout the climate system and are extremely likely to have been the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century.”

• IPCC Conclusion:

• GLOBAL
• CLIMATE CHANGE

• What's going to happen?

Warming and sea level rise will continue and will probably occur more quickly than what we’ve already seen

• Warming and sea level rise will continue and will probably occur more quickly than what we’ve already seen
• Even if greenhouse gases are stabilized, this will probably continue to occur for centuries
• Some effects may be permanent

• Possible Future Effects

• Possible Future Effects

• Effects on Ecosystems
• Coral systems and other unique ecosystems cannot handle higher temperatures well
• Wildfires will increase
• Up to 30% of species will be at increased risk for extinction due to the rapid changes in their ecosystems

Effects in North America

• Possible Future Effects

• Effects in North America
• Warming in western mountains: several effects
• Increased rain: will actually help some crops
• Heat waves will increase in number, length, and intensity
• Coastal communities will be affected by increased flooding and storms

• GLOBAL
• CLIMATE CHANGE

• So... What can we do?

• Source: Climate Analysis Indicators Tool, World Resources Institute

References

• IPCC Summary Report for Policy Makers. 2014
• IPCC Summary Report graphics. 2014
• "About IPCC." IPCC - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 20 Apr. 2009 .
• "Climate Change | U.S. EPA." U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 20 Apr. 2009 .
• Rischard, J. F. High Noon: Twenty Global Problems, Twenty Years to Solve Them. New York: Basic Books, 2002.

• Presentation created by Cindy Barnes, 2015