Natural Resources
The significance of BNP as a protected area is underscored by the fact that it is the site of the remaining old growth forests in the Zambales Biogeographic Zone. Some characteristic species not found elsewhere, such as the mountain roses and fire orchids, are still present within the BNP.
Some notable flora and fauna found in BNP are dipterocarp tree species like apitong, tanguile, and white lauan, as well as the endemic and threatened Green racquet-tail, Green-faced parrot-finch, Philippine warty pig, and Philippine brown deer.
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Flora
The park is covered with dipterocarp forest (residual and reproduction brush), mossy forest and thirty (30) percent of the total area of the park is open/cultivated and planted to agricultural crops and fruits bearing trees; other portion is covered with brushes or grasses.
The following are the vegetation composition of the Bataan National Park:
Common Name
|
Scientific Name
|
Hagonoy
|
Wedelia biflora
|
Ooke
|
Mikania scandens
|
Sambong
|
Blumea balsamifera
|
Malapaho
|
Mangifera altissima
|
Pahutan
|
Mangifera monandra
|
Mangga
|
Mangifera indica
|
Dao
|
Dracontomelon dao
|
Cashew
|
Anacardium occidentale
|
Balinghasai
|
Buchanania arborescens
|
Ligas
|
Semecarpus cuneiformis
|
Amugis
|
Koordersiodendron pinnatum
|
Lamie
|
Dracontomelon edule
|
Dulit
|
Canarium hirsutum
|
Pagsahingin
|
Canarium asperum
|
Piling-piling
|
Canarium luzonicum
|
Apitong
|
Dipterocarpus grandiflorus
|
Tangile
|
Shorea polysperma
|
White Lauan
|
Pentacme contorta
|
Dalingdingan
|
Hopea foxworthyi
|
Palosapis
|
Anisoptera thurifera
|
Balete
|
Ficus balete
|
Tangisang bayawak
|
Ficus variegata
|
Himbabao
|
Allaranthus luzonicus
|
Hagimit
|
Ficus minahassae
|
Hauli
|
Ficus septica
|
Tubig
|
Ficus nota
|
Agus-us
|
Paratropis philippinensis
|
Tangisang lagaya
|
Ficus latsoni
|
Bubulung
|
Ficus caulocarpa
|
Salisia
|
Ficus benjamina
|
Anubing
|
Artocarpus ovatus
|
Sablot
|
Litsea glutanisa
|
Kalingag
|
Cinnamonum mercadoi
|
Puso-puso
|
Neolitsea vidalii
|
Sablot
|
Litsea glutinosa
|
Kalingag
|
Cinnamonum mercadoi
|
Puso-puso
|
Neolitsea vidalii
|
Rain Tree
|
Samanea saman
|
Ipil-ipil
|
Laucaena leucocephala
|
Kakawate
|
Gliricidia sepium
|
Narra
|
Pterocarpus indicus
|
Mangium
|
Acacia auriculaeformis
|
Auri
|
Acacia mangium
|
Fire Tree
|
Delonix regia
|
Cupang
|
Parkia roxburghii
|
Bani
|
Pongamia pinnata
|
Tanglin
|
Adenanthera intermedia
|
Akleng parang
|
Albizia procera
|
Borotongol
|
Allophylus grossendatus
|
Alahan
|
Guiea koeleutria
|
Rambutan
|
Nephelium lappaceum
|
Kapulasan
|
Nephelium mutabile
|
Licheas
|
Litchi chinensis
|
Banato
|
Mallotus philippinensis
|
Binunga
|
Macaranga tanarius
|
Marantik
|
Glochidion spp.
|
Malabonga
|
Alseodaphne malabonga
|
Malabag-ang
|
Glochidiion album
|
Alim
|
Mallotus multiglandolusa
|
Takip-asin
|
Macaranga glandifolia
|
Matang-hipon
|
Breynia rhamnoides
|
Bignai
|
Antidesma bunius
|
Balanti
|
Homolanthus papulneus
|
Binayuyo
|
Antidesma ghassembella
|
Tuai
|
Bischofia javanica
|
Salingogon
|
Cratoxylon formosum
|
Bitanghol
|
Calophyllum lancifolium
|
Paguringon
|
Cratoxylon celebicum
|
Binucao
|
Garcinia binucao
|
Kaliuas
|
Kayea paniculata
|
Kamagong
|
Diospyros philippinensis
|
Bolong-eta
|
Diospyros pilocanthera
|
Daram
|
Wendlandia luzonicum
|
Nino
|
Morinda bracteata
|
Bangkal
|
Nauclea orientalis
|
Kapi-kapi
|
Randia uncaria
|
Tagotoi
|
Palaqium foxworthy
|
Molave
|
Vitex parviflora
|
Barikai
|
Linociera racemosa
|
Tambalau
|
Knema glomerata
|
Sakat
|
Terminalia vitens
|
Malaruhat
|
Cleistocalyx operculatus
|
Kaburo
|
Phoebe stercculioides
|
Tamayuan
|
Strombosia philippinensis
|
Makaasim
|
Syzgium nitidum
|
Ugpoi
|
Phanera integrifolia
|
Hingiw
|
Ichnocapus volubiles
|
Alasan
|
Arytera litoralis
|
Nito
|
Lygodium circinatum
|
Tagpo
|
Ardisia squamulosa
|
Kaliantan
|
Leea philippinensis
|
Liusin
|
Parinari corymbosia
|
Malabayabas
|
Tristania decorticata
|
Lamog
|
Planchonia spectabilis
|
Katagpo
|
Psychotria spp.
|
Palis
|
Callicarpa erioclona
|
Bikal
|
Schizostachyum diffusum
|
Kamagaa
|
Connarus semidecandrus
|
Kalantas
|
Toona Kalantas
|
Palosanto
|
Triplaris cumingiana
|
Maniknik
|
Palaqium tenuipetiolatum
|
Dita
|
Astonia scholaris
|
Anabiong
|
Trema otientalis
|
Ilang-ilang
|
Canaga odorata
|
Mamalis
|
Pittosporum pentandrum
|
Sapinit
|
Lantana camara
|
Malassantol
|
Sandoricum vidalii
|
Danglin
|
Rewia multiflora
|
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Fauna
Birds and mammals found inside the park includes:
Common Name
|
Local Name
|
Large-billed crow
|
Uwak
|
Black-naped oriole
|
Kuliaoan
|
Brahminy kite
|
Lawin
|
Green pigeon
|
Bato-bato
|
Spotted buttin quail
|
Pugo
|
Banded rail
|
Tikling
|
Jungle fowl
|
Labuyo
|
White-collared kingfisher
|
Kasay-kasay
|
Philippine hanging parakeet
|
Kulasisi
|
Common caual
|
Sabukot
|
Pygmy woodpecker
|
Karpentero
|
Yellow-vented bulbul
|
Pulangga
|
Chestnut-headed bee-eater
|
Parik-parik
|
Wild pig
|
Baboy damo
|
Deer
|
Usa
|
Monkey
|
Matsing/unggoy
|
Brown shrike
|
Tarat
|
Philippine bulbul
|
Luklak
|
Chestnut mannikin
|
Maya
|
Crested myna
|
Martinez
|
Pygmy swiftlet
|
Layang-layang
|
Hornbill
|
Kalaw
|
Owl
|
Kuwago
|
Bleeding heart pigeon
|
|
Cattle egret
|
Tagak
|
Wild duck
|
Pato
|
Green imperial pigeon
|
Balud
|
Wild cat
|
Musang
|
Lamiran
|
Musang
|
Monitor lizard
|
Bayawak
|
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Water Resources
The watersheds of the BNP are the main sources of ground and surface water that supply the domestic, industrial, and agricultural needs of upland and downstream communities around the PA. Lowland agricultural lands found along the eastern (Manila Bay Side) and western coasts (South China Sea side) of Bataan draw its irrigation water from the surface water that originated from BNP. Similarly, the communities of Bataan tap water from springs, rivers, and wells for domestic supply. The fresh surface and sub-surface that flow down from the elevated areas of BNP also contribute significantly to the preservation of the brackish water environment found along the coastal margins of Bataan. This preservation is vital to the survival of aquaculture, which is one of Bataan’s most important industries. Table 3 shows the major watersheds of BNP.
Table 3.Major watersheds of Bataan National Park.
Major Watershed
|
Area(inha)
|
Morong River Watershed
|
6,602.53
|
Almacen Watershed
|
8,080.30
|
Talisay
|
2,157.31
|
Bagac
|
1,538.05
|
Kabayo
|
782.98
|
Sutuin
|
1,468.71
|
Bayandati
|
2,346.70
|
Total Watershed Area
|
22,976.58
|
BNP’s natural features also offer potential ecotourism opportunities geared towards adventurers and nature lovers. The natural attractions in the PA include the Mt. Natib peak, Kairukan Falls, Marukdok Falls, Pasukulan Falls, Pilis Falls, Matikis Gulf, and several thermal springs found within the Old Caldera.
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Resource Use Practices Profile
A study conducted by the CPPAP Project Implementing Unit (PIU) in 1998 revealed that a lot of species of plants and animals inside the BNP are being used in various ways. The following are conclusions derived from this study:
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The number of species used by the Aetas is significantly greater than those used by the migrants.
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The Aetas recognize a greater number of medicinal plants species compared to the migrants. However, the use of medicinal plants waned due to the availability of other forms of medicine;
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Gathering of bamboos and honey are the most important income-generating use of the forest by the Aetas;
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Quantity of catch registered a decline due to decrease in number of species hunted and increase in number of hunters;
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The most frequently hunted species are the Philippine Brown Deer (Cervus mariannus), Philippine Warty Pig (Sus philippinensis), Fruit Bats (Acerodon jubatus and Pteropus spp.), and Long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) for mammals; Red Jungle Fowl (Gallus gallus), Hanging Parakeet (Loriculus philippinensis), Button quails (Turnix spp.), Doves (Psittacidae), and Hornbills (Buceros hydrocorax and Penelopides manilae) for birds, and Monitor Lizard (Varanus salvator) for herpes.
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Apart from traditional methods, the use of highly sophisticated gadgets such as rifle guns, blasting and improvised nets have increased;
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Fish, crabs, and snails are caught from the rivers and creeks for food or to be sold;
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The most commonly used medicinal plants are sambong (Sphaeranthus africanus), lunas-bundok (no scientific name), and pakayumkum (Selaginella sp.);
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Important source of timber is mainly dipterocarps but the species commonly used for charcoal production include: Malabayabas (Tristania decorticate), Bolong-ita(Diospyrospilos anthera), and Kakawate (Glericidia sepium).
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