Declared Rare and Poorly Known Flora in the Warren Region
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Byenup wetland system CLM 24 Neeranup Rd 1 DON NR 20 8/12/1997 As above CLM 25 Neeranup Rd 2 DON NR 150 8/12/1997 As above 33 Pop. No. Location District Land status No. of plants Last survey Comments/condition CLM 26 Byenup Lagoon DON NR 200 17/12/1997 As above CLM 27 Yarnup NR DON NR 50 28/11/1997 Response to Disturbance Plants are likely to be killed by fire when in active growth (May-November). However, they are not affected by fire once their new tubers are fully formed and flowering appears to be stimulated by summer wildfires, with most populations “disappearing” between fire events. Response to soil disturbance is unknown. As the occurrence of the species is linked to wet sites, with plants often found with their base in standing water, changes to water tables over time may impact on their long-term viability. Response to weed invasion is unknown but the species is probably vulnerable to weedy annuals that are able to occupy sites following fire or soil disturbance. Susceptibility to Phytophthora Dieback Unknown. Management Requirements Monitor populations prior to proposed burns and for two years following, or every second year in intervening periods. Exclude late autumn, winter and spring fuel reduction burns from all populations and if possible all fire from populations growing in peat that has the potential to ignite and kill tubers. Search areas of suitable habitat for further populations. Research Requirements Determine susceptibility to Phytophthora spp. References Brown et al (1998); Hoffman and Brown (1992, 1998) Diuris drummondii 34 Drakaea micrantha Hopper & A.P. Br. ms ORCHIDACEAE Dwarf Hammer Orchid WAR F4/9 Drakaea micrantha was first collected from the Porongurups area by Goadby in 1930 and, although noted as being unusual by the taxonomist Richard Rogers, was placed in Drakaea elastica. It was not collected again until the 1970s, when Alex George found it in the southern suburbs of Perth and Andrew Brown collected it at Yarloop, both these collections being placed in D. thynniphila. In the 1980’s, further collections and work on specificity of pollinators by Stephen Hopper and Andrew Brown resulted in the recognition of D. micrantha as a distinct species. Description Growing to 30 cm tall, Dwarf Hammer Orchid has a diminutive flower 12-25 mm long and a small heart shaped, ground hugging leaf to 15 mm wide. The leaf is distinctive in that it has prominent white and pale green veins. The species often grows with, and can be mistaken for, other hammer orchids, in particular the similar D. glyptodon which has a more robust labellum and lacks a prominent erect terminal spike-like appendage on the column and D. thynniphila which has a less tapered labellum and a larger, less prominently veined, often hairy leaf. Flowering period: September-October Distribution and Habitat The species has a wide distribution from Perth to the Porongurups, in the south being recorded in areas near Nannup, Mount Barker, Denmark, Walpole and Granite Peak. Plants occur on depauperate grey leached sands in stunted Allocasuarina fraseriana, Eucalyptus marginata woodland and forest, usually on old firebreaks and open disturbed areas where competition has been removed. Conservation Status Current: DRF-Endangered Known Populations in the Warren Region Pop. No. Location District Land status No. of plants Last survey Comments/condition CLM 3 Thompson Rd. 1 FRA SF 3 13/10/1998 CLM 6 Thompson Rd 2 FRA SF 4 27/10/2001 CLM 9 Mount Lindsey FRA NP 100 15/11/1998 CLM 10 Dingo Flat Rd FRA PP 117 26/10/1999 CLM 12 Granite Rd FRA SF 14 27/8/1997 CLM 13 Stan Road FRA NP 8 8/10/2002 Two sub-populations CLM 19 Weld Rd FRA NP 7 29/9/2001 CLM 23 Vermullen Rd FRA SHRes? ? 3/10/1997 Response to Disturbance Plants are killed by fire when in active growth (May-October). However, they are not affected by fire once their new tubers are fully formed and dormant (November-April). Response to mechanical disturbance is unknown but is probably the same as the response to fire if the above ground parts are removed before the new tuber is fully formed in early summer. Observation of known populations indicates that plants are able to quickly recolonise areas that have been disturbed. Susceptibility to weeds is unknown, but plants are probably vulnerable to displacement by weed species. Response to changes in soil moisture is unknown. Susceptibility to Phytophthora Dieback Unknown. Management Requirements Monitor populations annually. All populations need to be reassessed to review their conservation status. Conduct further surveys for new population in the region. Install rare flora markers on all populations found along road reserves. Research Requirements Determine susceptibility to Phytophthora spp. References Brown et al (1998); Hoffman and Brown (1992, 1998); Robinson and Coates (1995); Hopper, et al. (1990) Drakaea micrantha 35 36 Kennedia glabrata Lindley PAPILIONACEAE Northcliffe Kennedia WAR F4/12 Kennedia glabrata is a rarely seen species that was described by Lindley in 1836 as Kennedya glabrata from material grown in a greenhouse, the material’s origins described as ‘...a New Holland plant, probably from the South coast....’, this species was shuffled taxonomically out of and back into Kennedia by Bentham, and later into Caulinia by Mueller. Until recently, it was known only from populations near Northcliffe, hence its common name. However, it has now been collected from the Albany area (housed at the Albany Herbarium) with one collection made from the Youngs Siding area between Denmark and Albany and the other from about 30 km North of Albany immediately east of the Porongurups. This extension of the known distribution would be consistent with material being grown in horticulture in England in 1835, material probably originating from King George Sound. More recently it has also been found in the Esperance area. Recruitment and persistence of individuals in populations is not known, complicating ranking assessment of the taxon’s conservation status. Observations by Brenda Hammersley on William Bay populations indicate seedling mortality is high where plants have not reached sufficient maturity to survive short dry periods in spring. Plants in one of the Weld populations lost above ground parts when drought conditions were experienced, followed by signs of resprouting following more favourable conditions. Description Kennedia glabrata is a prostrate perennial creeper to 3 m diameter with hairy stems and divided, trifoliate, leaves with each leaflet obovate to very broadly obovate, cuneate or emarginate, 10-25 mm long, 7-27 mm wide, the margins undulate, sparsely hairy. Flowers are in simple umbel like racemes of 3-7 on erect peduncles to 15 cm. The bracts shed early. The calyx is 4-6 mm long, with white hairs, lobes 1.5-2.5 mm long. The standard is scarlet red and the eye yellow. The pod is 15-25 mm long and narrowly cylindric. Kennedia glabrata is identifiably different from Kennedia prostrata with K. prostrata having an inflorescence consisting of a solitary flower or pair of flowers and usually larger leaflets. K. coccinea differs from K. glabrata in having smaller stipules 1-4 mm long and usually larger leaves, an inflorescence of 5-20 flowers, a calyx 5-8 mm long with lobes 2-4 mm long with brown silky hairs and a compressed pod 40-60 mm long. Flowering period: September-November Distribution and Habitat The species is recorded from thirteen populations between Northcliffe and Albany with an outlier east of Esperance. It is known from granite outcrops (including islands) where it grows in shallow skeletal soils in swales and cracks on the rock surface with a suite of other species similarly adapted to these extreme sites, and one atypical occurrence in a peaty swamp area on an old fence line / firebreak. Conservation Status Current: DRF-Vulnerable Known Populations in the Warren Region Pop. No. Location District Land status No. of plants Last survey Comments /condition CLM 1 Chudalup DON NP 10 14/9/1994 CLM 2 Muirillup DON SF 250 12/10/1998 CLM 3 Weld 1 FRA SF 0 29/8/1997 CLM 4a Woolbale Hills 1 FRA NP 150+ 14/3/1989 Area not usually accessible in spring. CLM 4b Woolbales Hills 2 FRA NP 5 26/8/1997 CLM 5 Broke Inlet 1 FRA VCL 12 29/11/1991 CLM 6 Broke Inlet 2 FRA VCL 2 29/11/1991 CLM 7a William Bay FRA NP 10 11/11/2000 CLM 7b William Bay FRA NP 1 13/11/1997 CLM 8 Maringup DON NP 30 29/8/1997 CLM 9 Burnett SF FRA SF 12 21/9/1997 37 Pop. No. Location District Land status No. of plants Last survey Comments /condition CLM 10 Pingerup Rd FRA NP 1 12/12/1997 CLM 11 Moores Track DON NP 4 21/9/1997 CLM 12 Break Rd FRA SF 7 22/10/1998 CLM 13 Railway Parade FRA SF 7 10/10/1998 Response to Disturbance Although some resprouting has been observed, most plants are presumed to be killed by fire. However, recruitment from seed is likely to be stimulated by fire. The long-term response to change in soil moisture is unknown, but seedling mortality is high during dry periods and some plants appear able to resprout when conditions are more favourable. Response to soil disturbance is unknown for most populations, but an atypical population in William Bay is probably sustained by disturbance and fire. Susceptibility to Phytophthora Dieback Unknown. Management Requirements Monitor populations annually if possible. Search areas of suitable habitat for additional populations. Collect seed from a range of populations. Research Requirements For selected populations, monitor individual plants over multiple years in order to gather data on the species regenerative, reproductive and conservation biology. Determine susceptibility to Phytophthora spp. References Bentham (1864); Brown et al (1998); Hopper et al. (1990); Robinson and Coates (1995); Rye and Hopper(1981); Wheeler et al. (2001) Kennedia glabrata 38 39 Laxmannia jamesii Keighery ANTHERICACEAE James’s Paper-lily WAR F4/14 Laxmannia jamesii was first collected near Albany in 1972 by Greg Keighery who, following cytological studies and revision of the genus in 1987, described the species in honour of the late Dr. Sid James. The species was considered for deletion from the declared rare flora list in 1996, but was not removed due to some doubts over the accuracy of identification of plants in some populations and lack of recent data on others, particularly responses to recent disturbance such as fires. Description James’s Paper-lily is a tufted, stilted, rambling herb with slender wiry stems to 20 cm long. Leaves are narrow linear, 9-20 mm long and scattered singly along the stem with leaves clustered at the end. The sheath is translucent 4-7 mm and coarsely fimbriate. Flowering inflorescences are both sessile and axillary, 3-4 flowered along the stems and 4-8 flowered terminally. Terminal flowers are on a peduncle 12-30 mm long. The five red-brown outer inflorescence bracts are 3-4 mm long. The translucent, fimbriate inner bracts are one per flower and 2-3 mm long. Sepals are red-brown and petals are white, both about 4 mm long. Laxmannia jamesii is distinct from L. minor which has short crowded stems and only terminal pedunculate inflorescences and L. sessiflora subsp. australis which has sessile inflorescences. Flowering period: May-July Distribution and Habitat The species is known from Two Peoples Bay to Busselton, growing in seasonally damp grey sandy soils in low closed heath over sedges or seasonally moist grey sandy laterite in jarrah woodland. Conservation Status Current: DRF -Vulnerable Known Populations in the Warren Region Pop. No. Location District Land status No. of plants Last survey Comments/condition CLM 4 South Coast Hwy FRA RR 50+ 26/5/2004 Consists of several sub- populations that require reassessment as they appear to have diminished in size CLM 8 Sheepwash SF 1 FRA SF 1000 25/4/1998 Many sub-populations that require reassessment CLM 12 Sheepwash SF 2 FRA SF 50 2/7/1994 CLM 13 Gumlink Rd FRA NR 0 21/10/1998 Possible misidentification. Not relocated CLM 19 Pratt Road FRA UCL 100 26/5/2004 CLM 20 Mitchell River Rd 1 FRA SF 1000 27/5/1998 CLM 21 Mitchell River Rd 2 FRA SF 1000 29/4/1998 Two sub-populations CLM 22 Sand Track 1 FRA SF 200 15/8/1999 CLM 24 Sheepwash SF 3 FRA SF 1000 27/4/1999 WAR 100 Sand Track 2 FRA SF na 27/7/1995 Response to Disturbance Fire appears to kill adult plants, with, populations re-establishing from seed. Flowering has been recorded within two years of Autumn and Spring burning. The occurrence of the species in disturbed areas in ‘Sheepwash’, on Gum Link Road and the South Coast Highway indicates it is able to re-establish following soil disturbance. However, the ideal frequency of disturbance is unknown. Response to change in soil moisture is unknown. Response to weed invasion is unknown. Susceptibility to Phytophthora Dieback Unknown. Management Requirements Monitor populations annually. Search for additional populations in areas of suitable habitat. With South Coast Region staff, arrange for all populations to be visited over a one year period to confirm identifications and status with a view of nominating the species for removal from the Declared Rare Flora list. Research Requirements Determine susceptibility to Phytophthora spp. References Brown et al (1998); Keighery (1987); Robinson and Coates (1995) Laxmannia jamesii 40 41 Meziella trifida (Nees) Schindl. HALORAGACEAE WAR F4/204 Meziella trifida was collected by Preiss in 1840 and described by Nees in 1844 under the name Gonocarpus trifidus (as ‘Goniocarpus’). It was moved to Haloragis trifida by Walpers in 1846 and then to Meziella trifida by Schindler in 1905. The species was then not seen again and was presumed to be extinct until a population was located by Greg Keighery on the edge of the Scott Plains east of Augusta in 1992. This population consisted of mature plants, enabling confirmation of its generic status. The species is currently known from three populations, one of which was found in the Warren Region by Ray Cranfield during the summer of 1997. Description Meziella trifida is a decumbent, glabrous, annual or perennial semi-aquatic herb with mainly reddish stems and leaves. The main stems are prostrate, freely branching, rooting at nodes. The lateral stems ascending, fertile. Leaves are alternate, entire, linear after water recedes and 3.5-5 mm long, sessile, acute, or, when immersed or submerged, trifid with two linear lobes at or above the middle and no longer than it. The inflorescence is an indeterminate spike of single flowers, each subtended by a leaf like bract and two short red bracteoles. Individual flowers are four-merous, bisexual, sessile with four red, subulate sepals 1.7 mm long, which are entire, smooth, erect, persistent and increasing in size as a corona on the fruit. The four petals are red, narrowly hooded, 1.7 mm long and shed immediately after anthesis. Each flower has four stamens and four styles. The ovary is small, four-locular, expanding rapidly in fruit. Fruit is about 2.7 mm long, 2.7 mm wide, red, indehiscent with one seeded pyrenes contained within a dry exocarp, (not splitting into separate mericarps at maturity as in Myriophyllum), and with clusters of 6-7 soft spreading spines to 1.3 mm long on the lower half of the torus below each sepal. Flowering period: November-February Distribution and Habitat The species is found between Albany and Scott River, growing in winter wet depressions and watercourses. Conservation Status Current: DRF -Vulnerable Known Populations in the Warren Region Pop. No. Location District Land status No. of plants Last survey Comments/condition CLM 2 South West Hwy FRA NP na 25/2/1998 CLM 4 South West Hwy – Beardmore Rd FRA NP/SF /RR na 5/5/2000 Three sub-populations CLM 5 Woolbale Rd FRA NP 100 15/4/1998 CLM 6 Dixie Rd FRA/ DON SF na 15/4/1998 CLM 7 South Western Hwy – Inlet River Bridge FRA RR 100 22/1/1999 CLM 8 Bandicoot Rd FRA SF 100+ 18/1/2004 CLM 9 Chesapeake Rd 1 DON NP 1000 18/1/2001 CLM 10 Circus Beach Walk Trail FRA NP 1000 17/3/2001 CLM 11 Boggy Lake FRA NP 100 26/2/2001 WAR 100 Cheasapeake Rd 2 DON NP na 18/2/2004 WAR 101 Gardner Rd DON NP na 3/3/2004 WAR 102 Chesapeake Rd 3 DON NP na 3/3/2004 WAR 103 Gardner Rd 2 DON NP na 3/3/2004 WAR 104 Gardner Rd 3 DON NP na 3/3/2004 WAR 105 Windy Harbour DON NP na 12/220/04 Response to Disturbance As Meziella trifida is an aquatic plant, fire is presumed to have little impact unless the areas in which it grows dry out. It is possible that seeds may then be killed. This may affect recruitment as the species is an annual seed obligate. Response to soil disturbance is unknown. Being an aquatic, the species will be affected by any changes to in soil moisture through drainage and climate change. Response to weed invasion is unknown. Susceptibility to Phytophthora Dieback Unknown. Management Requirements Locate populations in the Frankland district and assess their conservation status. Search areas of suitable habitat for further populations. Monitor populations to determine the impact of disturbance. Liaise with Main Roads WA to protect a population on their land. Research Requirements Determine susceptibility to Phytophthora spp. Determine response to disturbance. References Brown et al (1998); Orchard (1990); Orchard and Keighery (1993); Robinson and Coates (1995) Meziella trifida 42 43 Microtis globula R. Bates ORCHIDACEAE Globular Mignonette Orchid WAR F4/15 This elusive orchid was described in 1984 by Robert Bates from material he collected near Walpole. It flowers following summer fire. Three known locations have been burnt in the Warren Region in recent years but the species has not been relocated. Field observation indicates that the species is restricted to organic soil communities and may be vulnerable to regimes that impact on the substrate. The failure of each of the known populations to respond to recent fire may be related to the nature of fire events to which they have been subject. One population that was burnt in very early summer may have been burnt too early and the fire may have been too cool. Two other populations were burnt in a hot fire in late autumn. This fire may have been too late in the season or, alternatively, being such a hot fire, underground tubers may have been destroyed as the peat substrate burnt. Urgent work is required to locate populations of this taxon and resolve issues related to the species conservation biology. Description An herbaceous perennial with a single terete leaf, 2-4 mm wide by 8-25 cm long and flowering stems up to 35 cm with up to forty pale yellow-green flowers to 2 mm wide and long that are crowded along its upper part. The lateral sepals are prominently incurved. Although superficially simular to other Microtis spp., M. globula is readily distinguished by its prominently incurved lateral sepals, a feature that gives the flowers their globular appearance and leads to both the scientific and common names. It is one of the last Microtis spp. to flower each year. Flowering period: December-January Distribution and Habitat The species has been recorded from Albany to west of Walpole, growing in seasonally wet peat swamps some nine to twelve months following summer fire. Conservation Status Current: DRF-Vulnerable Known Populations in the Warren Region Pop. No. Location District Land status No. of plants Last survey Comments / condition CLM 1 Railway Parade FRA NP 0 Spring 2003 CLM 2 Keystone 2 Rd FRA NP 0 Spring 2003 CLM 3 Cemetery Rd FRA SHRes 0 Spring 2003 Burnt 2002 (Golf Course) CLM 5 William Bay FRA NP 200 1/1/1975 Need to relocate Response to Disturbance The occurrence of this species in peat makes it vulnerable to fires that burn into and remove the substrate. However, as it has only been recorded following hot summer fires this is likely to be a minor threat. In order to promote flowering, a fire regime is required that is restricted to periods when actively growing above ground parts are not present but the organic soil substrate is sufficiently wet to remain unburnt. Response to soil disturbance is unknown. Response to changes in soil moisture through drainage and changing climate is unknown. Response to weed invasion is unknown. Susceptibility to Phytophthora Dieback Unknown. Management Requirements Monitor known populations annually. Search areas of suitable habitat for further populations. Amend fire management practices in the area of previously known populations to favour a summer regime. Research Requirements If populations are found, urgent studies into the species’ biology are needed. If populations are located, liaise with Botanic Garden and Parks Authority staff to initiate seed and mycelium collection for storage and possible propagation of plants for future translocations. Determine susceptibility to Phytophthora spp. References Bates (1984); Brown et al (1998); Robinson and Coates (1995); Hoffman and Brown (1992, 1998); Hopper et al. (1990) Microtis globula 44 45 Rhacocarpus rehmannianus (Muell. Hall.) Wijk & Margad. var. webbianus (Muell. Hall.) J.-P. Frahm HEDWIGIACEAE WAR F4/99 Rhacocarpus rehmannianus var. webbianus is one of only four Western Australian mosses presumed to be endemic. The taxon was described in 1897 under the name Harrisonia webbiana and moved into Rhacocarpus in 1900. More recently, Frahm (1996) reduced it to a variety of rehmannianus. For many years the taxon was known from one population near Northcliffe (type locality Mount Lindesay). However, following extensive searches a second small population was located by B. Jackson and T. Middleton in a namma hole on a granite outcrop North of Walpole. Description Rhacocarpus rehmannianus var. webbianus has a fine textured appearance and irregularly branched, decumbent red stems, which are matted into strands to 10 cm long. Older parts of stems (lower parts) are bare of leaves. Leaves are deep green, glossy, spirally arranged, scattered along the stems, procumbent, overlapping but not stem clasping, obovate, 1-1.5 mm long by 0.5 mm wide. Margins are concave, entire and inrolled below the apex which is narrowly acute with a short (0.25 mm) hairpoint. Costa are absent. The alar cells are bronzed orange. Distribution and Habitat The variety is currently known from two populations, growing in flowing water and a waterhole, on granite outcrops. No other populations have been found, despite extensive searches in similar habitat across the Region. Conservation Status Current: DRF – Critically Endangered A major threat to this taxon is the use of its habitat by tourists and recreationists as a footpath. A population near Northcliffe is under immediate threat as it is growing in a gully that tourists and recreationists use as a shortcut to the base of the granite dome. Urgent work is required to modify pathways and barriers in the area to provide protection to the taxon. Known Populations in the Warren Region Pop. No. Location District Land status No. of plants Last survey Comments/condition CLM1 Mt. Chudalup Donnelly NP * 23/3/2004 * Area of 20 square metres recovering after fencing CLM 2 Mitchell Road Frankland SF na 7/11/1998 Assess recreational impact Response to Disturbance Response to fire is unknown. The taxon may be susceptible to walkers who could damage the sods that fix it to the substrate. It is unlikely to be affected by small short-term changes in soil moisture as it grows in seasonally wet/dry areas and can withstand limited summer drought. However, there is a potential threat of it being replaced with other mosses if sites dry out for long periods. Response to weed invasion is unknown. Mechanical removal of weeds may cause physical damage to the substrate and should be avoided. Susceptibility to Phytophthora Dieback Unknown, possibly irrelevant. Management Requirements Protect known population from disturbance by using barriers and redesigned boardwalks. Additional fencing is required. Continue searches in areas of suitable habitat for additional populations. Research Requirements None References Brian Best (personal communication); Frahm (1996); Stoneburner and Wyatt (1996) Rhacocarpus rehmannianus var. webbianus 46 47 Sphenotoma drummondii (Benth.) F. Muell. EPACRIDACEAE Mountain Paper Heath WAR F4/134 This taxon was gazetted as DRF in 1996 as a result of work being done by Sarah Barrett of CALM’s South Coast Region who found that it was under immediate threat in the Stirling Ranges from Phytophthora. Despite searches over three years, a population on Mt. Frankland had not been relocated. More recently, verbal advice from botanist Arthur Weston indicated the taxon was in fact still present in the latter area and a recent survey confirmed the presence of at least eight living plants and two dead plants. Description Sphenotoma drummondii is an erect robust shrub to 0.5 m high with densely crowded, erect to spreading, long-acute, pungent leaves 40-80 mm long by 8-10 mm wide. Leaves are ciliate in the lower half and appressed to the stem below the inflorescence which is a compact, cylindrical to ovoid spike of up to 40 flowers. Flowers are white, each subtended by a broadly acuminate, pungent brown leaf-like bract 8-15 mm long with ciliate margins. Sepals are elliptic, acute, about 10 mm long. The corolla, which is 14-17 mm long, has a constricted throat and lobes 5-7 mm long. Flowering period: October-December Distribution and Habitat The species grows in rock crevices on high granite peaks, principally in the Stirling Range (five populations) in the South Coast Region. A single population is recorded at Mt. Frankland within the Warren Region with another possible population on a granite outcrop in the Denbarker area (not relocated despite searches in 1997). Conservation Status Current: DRF-Endangered The Mt. Frankland population that was recently relocated may be at risk if a proposal to put the area on the Rock Climbers atlas of places to climb succeeds. Known Populations in the Warren Region Pop. No. Location District Land status No. of plants Last survey Comments/condition CLM 12 Mt. Frankland Frankland NP 5 5/3/1998 Response to Disturbance Response to fire is unknown. Response to soil disturbance is unknown. Response to weed invasion is unknown. The location of plants in fissures, cracks and on ledges would indicate plants are vulnerable to damage from rock climbers. Susceptibility to Phytophthora Dieback Research conducted on Stirling Range populations indicates that the species is highly susceptible. Management Requirements Search for new populations in areas of suitable habitat. Resurvey Mt. Frankland and possibly also the Denbarker area when the species is in flower. Monitor the known population annually, specifically for possible impacts of Phytophthora spp. and treat with phosphite if required. If suitable material is available, liaise with the Threatened Flora Seed Centre regarding seed collection and storage. Research Requirements None. References Brown et al (1998); Bentham (1869); Robinson and Coates (1995); Sarah Barrett (personal communication) Sphenotoma drummondii 48 49 Verticordia apecta E.A. George & A.S. George MYRTACEAE WAR F4/127 Verticordia apecta was first collected by Elizabeth George and Tony Annels while visiting a V. endlicheriana var. angustifolia population in 1993 and was described by Elizabeth and Alex George the following year. Despite searches of the known location and other similar sites in and adjacent to the area, the species was not seen again until 1999. After not being seen for six years fourteen flowering plants and a possible twenty non flowering plants were located at the type locality in 1999. All were growing within a small area of about 10 square meters. A fire in 2004 completely burnt this site and no extant plants are currently known. Description A lignotuberous slender shrub to 45 cm tall with linear lower stem leaves 3-9 mm long and upper narrow elliptic stem leaves about 7 mm long. Floral leaves are elliptic to obovate. Flowers are scarce in the upper axils and have peduncles 9-19 mm long. Sepals and petals are deep pink with white fine fringe segments. Its general appearance the species is superficially like that of Verticordia habrantha which occurs at the same location, however it is readily distinguished from that species by its generally scruffy flower, its fimbriate pink petals and its shortly bearded style. Flowering period: November Distribution and Habitat The species is known only from the type locality on the Hay River where it grows on shallow sandy clay/loam soils surrounding a granite outcrop. Surrounding habitat is low open Wandoo woodland/scrubland. Conservation Status Current: DRF – Critically Endangered Known Populations in the Warren Region Pop. No. Location District Land status No. of plants Last survey Comments/condition WAR 1 The Pass FRA SF 14 17/11/1999 Fire mid May 2004, completely burnt the site Response to Disturbance The type collection was made two years after a fire indicating that it has the ability to resprout. Response to soil disturbance is unknown. Response to change in soil moisture is unknown. Response to weed invasion is unknown. Response to changes in canopy cover is unknown. Susceptibility to Phytophthora Dieback Unknown, but, given susceptibility of other species in the genus, it should be assumed to be susceptible until shown otherwise. Management Requirements The population urgently needs post-fire assessment for regeneration, either from rootstock or seed. Continue to monitor the population annually. Search areas of suitable habitat for further populations. Protect the known site from the introduction of Phytophthora spp. If plants regenerate from fire, conduct seed collection or germ plasm collection for storage and possible future translocation. Research Requirements If the population does not recover within 3 years, investigate use of disturbance or smoked water to stimulate germination. Determine response to disturbance. Liaise with Botanic Garden and Parks Authority staff with respect to clonal propagation. References George and George (1994) Verticordia apecta 50 51 Verticordia densiflora Lindl. var. pedunculata A.S. George MYRTACEAE SFR F4/159 Verticordia densiflora was described by Lindley in 1839 with the variety pedunculata described by Alex George in 1991. Its distribution is centred on Ruabon and Tutunup (south and east of Busselton) with an outlier at Perup that, although morphologically distinct, has been tentatively included. While this population has not been relocated, a collection from the Muir Highway, west of Lake Muir matches it in morphology. Other populations have been located in the Lake Muir area that match the Perup collection and all appear to represent a new taxon distinct from var. pedunculata and var. caespitosa. Description A shrub to 60 cm tall (Perup). Leaves are often crowded, opposite and decussate, linear to semi-terete, 3-10 mm long by 1.0-2.5 mm wide. Flowers are pink or white in dense corymbs at ends of branchlets. Floral leaves are lanceolate, 3-4 mm long by (0.8) 1.0-1.5 mm wide. Peduncles are 5-9 mm long. The calyx is hemispherical, not ribbed, with a ring of long hairs at base, free above the floral tube and 2-4 mm long, divided below the middle into 2-5 ciliate, digitate lobes. Petals are free above the floral tube, 0.8-2 mm long, orbicular, fringed with numerous cilia. Each flower has ten stamens alternating with ten staminodes, joined towards base. Staminodes are linear and glandular. The style is curved, exserted, 5-6 mm long and bearded towards the end. Perup/Lake Muir populations tend to be at the shortest end of all dimensions noted above, or just outside. These populations are disjunct from other Verticordia densiflora populations and are sufficiently different (though consistent within themselves) to possibly represent a new taxon at the varietal level. Flowering period: December-January (for Perup) Distribution and Habitat Known mainly from Busselton area with a outlier in the Perup-Lake Muir area, growing on shallow sandy soils over exposed outcrops of gneissic rock or in winter wet swamps. Conservation Status Current: DRF – Endangered Known Populations in the Warren Region Pop. No. Location District Land status No. of plants Last survey Comments / condition CLM 6 Lake View Road DON NR na 6/11/1995 Unable to relocate WAR 100 Swamp Road DON NR na Location to be checked Response to Disturbance Response to fire is unknown. Response to soil disturbance is unknown. Response to change in soil moisture is unknown. Response to weed invasion is unknown. Susceptibility to Phytophthora Dieback Unknown, but given susceptibility of other members of the genus, should be presumed susceptible. Management Requirements Relocate historically known populations and asses their conservation status. Monitor populations and asses their response to disturbance. Survey areas of suitable habitat for further populations. Research Requirements Determine taxonomic and conservation status. Determine susceptibility to Phytophthora spp. Determine response to disturbance. References Bentham (1866); Brown et al (1998); George (1991) Verticordia densiflora var. pedunculata 52 53 Verticordia fimbrilepis Turcz. subsp. australis A.S. George MYRTACEAE Shy Feather flower WAR F4/18 Verticordia fimbrilepis subsp. australis is a poorly known taxon that was described by Turczaninow in 1847 from a Drummond collection made in 1840. No further collections were made until it was rediscovered in 1983 near Woodanilling. It was also collected from the Kent River by Tony Annels in 1983 but at that time was thought to be an undescribed taxon. A second population was located on Willyung Hill but only a single plant was found. The subspecies is not known from reserved land or proposed reserved land. The Willyung population (single plant) is in a quarry and has not been relocated, the Kent River population is on land targeted for damming. Description Shy Feather flower is a small erect shrub to 40 cm with slender branches, the upper stems red. Leaves are linear terete to 18 mm long, murcronulate, mostly opposite or in small clusters, though generally sparse on the stem. Flowers are bright pink. Peduncles are 5-15 mm long. The calyx tube is almost hemispherical, ten ribbed, glabrous, with five spreading primary lobes to about 5 mm, each digitally divided into 5-7 linear lobes. Petals are 0.9-1.0 mm wide, ovate, deeply fringed, nearly as long as the calyx lobes. Stamens are free, incurved, filaments pink, anthers deep red. Near the Kent River the taxon is growing in association with Verticordia plumosa which has purple- pink flowers and denser foliage that extends up to the flowers. Flowering period: October-November Distribution and Habitat This subspecies is known from two populations, one near Woodanilling, the other on the Kent River where it grows in low heath in brown sandy loam around outcropping granite. The typical subspecies (subsp. fimbrilepis) occurs near Pingelly. Despite extensive survey of suitable habitat no further populations have been located in the Warren Region. Conservation Status Current: DRF-Endangered Known Populations in the Warren Region Pop. No. Location District Land status No. of plants Last survey Comments/condition Kent River Frankland VCL* 2 000+ 31/10/1998 * In 1987 and 1992 the area was recommended for inclusion as a reserve. In 1994 the proposed reservation was dropped at request of the then WA Water Authority and the area recommended for a future dam site. There is ongoing discussion with Walpole Wilderness Advisory Committee Response to Disturbance Regenerates from lignotuber and seed after fire. Response to soil disturbance is unknown. Response to change in soil moisture is unknown. Response to weed invasion is unknown. Susceptibility to Phytophthora Dieback Presumed susceptible (low to moderate). Management Requirements Conduct detailed searches for additional populations upstream and downstream from the known population. Conduct further searches for the species in areas of suitable habitat. With Threatened Flora Seed Centre staff, arrange to collect and store seed against possible loss of this taxon from the wild. Liaise with the WA Water Authority in developing long term protective measures for this taxon. Research Requirements Determine susceptibility to Phytophthora spp. References Bentham (1866); Brown et al (1998); George (1991) Verticordia fimbrilepis subsp. australis 54 Kataloq: images -> documents -> plants-animals -> threatened-species -> recovery plans -> wildlife management plans wildlife management plans -> Western australian wildlife management program no. 28 Declared Rare and Poorly Known Flora in the Moora District recovery plans -> Interim recovery plan recovery plans -> Scaly-leaved featherflower recovery plans -> Pine featherflower (verticordia staminosa subsp. Cylindracea var. Erecta) recovery plans -> Wongan featherflower wildlife management plans -> Western australian wildlife management program no. 21 Declared Rare and Poorly Known Flora in the Esperance District wildlife management plans -> Threatened flora of the wildlife management plans -> Declared rare and poorly known flora Yüklə 3,36 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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