Further work required under the Archaeological and Socioeconomic surveys:
Archaeology survey – suggested further work includes the recording of oral
histories to complement the site assessments, and avoid the loss of traditional
knowledge and history of the study area.
Socioeconomic – suggested further work includes the conducting of a needs
assessment with communities in the area. The high demand for agricultural
resources coupled with the increase in population in communities could lead to
resource degradation, reduced production, poor community health and
aggravated poverty. Therefore, an assessment of community needs should be
undertaken to determine how such needs can be addressed without further
degrading natural resources.
128
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134
Appendix 1
Flora species checklist
Vouchers - Species recorded and/or collected by MT (Marika Tuiwawa), SP (Sarah Pene), AW (Arthur Whistler) and SHT (Senilolia H Tuiwawa); Numbers are specimens
verified by AW.
Key: ^IUCN List, ^^New record for Vanua Levu, *CITES List, **Range Extension, ∞Type locality
GYMNOSPERM
Family
Species Name
Local name
Distribution
Vouchers
Araucariaceae
Agathis macrophylla (Lindl.) Mast.
dakua makadre
Indg., comm.
AW, MT
Casuarinaceae
*Gymnostoma vitiense L.A. S. Johnson
velau, caukuro
End., comm.
MT
Casuarinaceae
Casuarina equisetifolia J.R. & G. Forst.
nokonoko
Indg., comm.
MT
Cycadaceae
Cycas seemannii A. Braun
cycad, logologo
Indg., uncomm.
MT
Gnetaceae
^Gnetum gnemon L.
sukau
Indg., comm.
13284
Pinaceae
Pinus caribaea Morelet
carribean pine
Intrd., comm.
MT
Podocarpaceae
^*Dacrydium nidulum de Laubenfels
yaka
Indg., comm.
13414
Podocarpaceae
^*Podocarpus neriifolius D. Don
kuasi
Indg., comm.
13276
Podocarpaceae
^Retrophyllum vitiense (Seem.) C.N. Page
dakua salusalu
Indg., comm.
AW, MT
Podocarpaceae
Podocarpus decipiens N.E. Gray
kuasi
End., comm.
13170
FERN and FERN ALLIES
Family
Species Name
Local name
Distribution
Vouchers
Adiantaceae
** Coniogramme fraxinea (D. Don) Fée ex Diels
Indg., comm.
MT
Aspidiaceae
Dryopteris subarborea (Baker) C. Christensen
Indg., comm.
13402
Aspidiaceae
Tectaria decurrens (Presl) Copeland
Indg., comm.
MT
Aspidiaceae
Tectaria latifolia (G.Forst.) Copel.
ota loa
Indg., comm.
MT
Aspidiaceae
Tectaria tripartita (Baker) Copeland
End.., comm.
MT
135
Aspidiaceae
Tectaria vitiensis Brownlie
ota loa
Indg., comm.
13187
Aspleniaceae
Asplenium amboinensis Willd.
Indg., comm.
13234
Aspleniaceae
Asplenium australasicum Hook.
bird's nest
Indg., comm.
MT
Aspleniaceae
Asplenium bipinnatifidum Baker
Indg., comm.
13334
Aspleniaceae
Asplenium laserpitiifolium Lam.
Indg., comm.
MT
Aspleniaceae
Asplenium nidus L.
Indg., comm.
13357
Aspleniaceae
Asplenium polyodon Forster
Indg., comm.
MT
Athyriaceae
Diplazium melanocaulon Brackenridge
Indg., comm.
AW
Blechnaceae
**Blechnum doodioides (Brack.) Brownlie
Indg., comm.
13409
Blechnaceae
Blechnum milnei (Carruth.) C. Chr.
End., comm.
13400
Blechnaceae
Blechnum orientale L.
Indg., comm.
AW
Blechnaceae
Blechnum vittatum Brack.
End., comm.
MT
Cyatheaceae
*Cyathea affinis (Forster) Swartz
balabala
Indg., comm.
MT
Cyatheaceae
*Cyathea alta Copel.
balabala
Indg., comm.
13205
Cyatheaceae
*Cyathea decurrens (Hooker) Copel.
balabala
Indg., comm.
13425
Cyatheaceae
*Cyathea hornei (Baker) Copeland
balabala
Indg., comm.
MT
Cyatheaceae
*Cyathea lunulata (Forst.) Copel.
balabala
Indg., comm.
13419
Cyatheaceae
*Cyathea propinqua Copel.
balabala
Indg., uncomm.
13213
Cyatheaceae
*Cyathea spp.
balabala
Nat., uncomm.
SHT
Cyatheaceae
*Cyathea truncata (Brackenridge) Copeland
balabala
Indg., comm.
MT
Cyatheaceae
Culcita staminea (Labill.) Maxon
Indg., loc. comm.
AW
Cyatheaceae
Cyathea (red)
balabala
Nat., comm.
MT
Davalliaceae
Arthropteris repens (Brackenridge) C. Christen.
Nat., comm.
13345
Davalliaceae
Davallia fejeensis Hooker
End., comm.
MT
Davalliaceae
Davallia solida (Forster) Swartz
Indg., comm.
SHT
136
Davalliaceae
Humata botrychioides Brackenridge
End., comm.
AW
Davalliaceae
Humata heterophylla (Smithii) Desvaux
Nat., comm.
MT
Davalliaceae
Nephrolepis biserrata (Swartz) Schott
Indg., comm.
SHT
Davalliaceae
Nephrolepis hirsutula (Forst. f.) Presl
Indg., comm.
AW, MT
Davalliaceae
Nephrolepis tuberosa (Bory ex Willd.) Presl
Indg., comm.
AW
Davalliaceae
Oleandra neriiformis Cav.
Nat., comm.
AW, MT
Dennstaedtiaceae
**Lindsaea ensifolia Swartz
Indg., comm.
MT
Dennstaedtiaceae
**Orthiopteris tenuis (Brackenridge) Brownlie
End., comm.
MT
Dennstaedtiaceae
**Sphenomeris chinensis (L.) Maxon
Indg., comm.
MT, 13209
Dicksoniaceae
Dicksonia brackenridgei Mett.
balabala
Indg., comm.
13257
Gleicheniaceae
Ctenopterella blechnoides (Grev.) Parris
Indg., comm.
MT
Gleicheniaceae
Dicranopteris linearis (Burm.) Underwood
qato
Nat., comm.
AW, MT
Gleicheniaceae
Diplopterygium longissimum (Blume) Nakai
Indg., comm.
MT
Gleicheniaceae
Gleichenia longissima Blume
Nat., comm.
MT
Grammitidaceae
Ctenopteris blechnoides (Grev.) Wagner & Grether
Nat., comm.
13416
Grammitidaceae
Grammitis hookeri (Brackenridge) Copel.
Nat., comm.
13399
Hymenophyllaceae
Trichomanes asae-grayi van der Bosch
Nat., comm.
13397
Hymenophyllaceae
Trichomanes atrovirens (C.Presl) Kunze
Indg., comm.
SHT
Hymenophyllaceae
Trichomanes boryanum Kuntze
Nat., comm.
13295
Hymenophyllaceae
Trichomanes cf. caudatum Brackenridge
Nat., comm.
13302
Hymenophyllaceae
Trichomanes dentatum van der Bosch
Nat., comm.
13293
Hymenophyllaceae
Trichomanes intermedium van der Bosch
Nat., comm.
13375
Hymenophyllaceae
Trichomanes sp.
Nat., uncomm.
13372
Hypodematiaceae
**Didymochlaena truncatula (Sw.) J. Sm.
Indg., comm.
MT
Hypolepidaceae
Histiopteris incisa (Thunb.) J. Sm.
Indg., loc. comm.
AW
137
Hypolepidaceae
Pteridium esculentum (Forst.) Cockayne
Indg., loc. comm.
13440
Lindsaeaceae
Lindsaea aff. harveyi Carr. ex Seem.
Nat., comm.
13407
Lindsaeaceae
Lindsaea vitiensis Kramer
End., comm.
13396
Lomariopsidaceae
Elaphoglossum feejeense Brackenridge
Indg., comm.
MT
Lomariopsidaceae
Lomariopsis oleandrifolia (Brackenridge) Mett.
Indg., comm.
13410
Lycopodiaceae
Huperzia magnificum (Brownlie) Holub
End., comm.
SHT, MT
Lycopodiaceae
Huperzia phyllantha (Hooker et Arnott) Holub
Indg., comm.
MT
Lycopodiaceae
Huperzia serrata (Thunb. Ex Murray) Trevis.
Indg., comm.
MT
Lycopodiaceae
Lycopodium cernua (L.) Pic. Serm.
Indg., comm.
MT
Lycopodiaceae
Lycopodium cernuum L.
lewa nini
Indg., loc. comm.
13405
Lycopodiaceae
Lycopodium cf. foliosum Copel.
Indg., loc. uncomm.
13332
Lycopodiaceae
Lycopodium cf. serratum
Nat., comm.
MT
Lycopodiaceae
Lycopodium nummularifolia Blume
Nat., comm.
MT
Lycopodiaceae
Lycopodium phlegmeria L.
Nat., comm.
13290
Lycopodiaceae
Lycopodium phyllanthum H. & A.
Nat., comm.
13331
Lycopodiaceae
Lycopodium squarrosum Forst.
Indg., comm.
AW
Marattiaceae
Angiopteris evecta (Forst.) Hoffm.
basovi
Indg., comm.
AW, MT
Marattiaceae
Ptisana smithii (Mett. Ex Kuhn) Murdock
Indg., comm.
MT
Polypodiaceae
Belvisia mucronata (Fee) Copel.
Indg., comm.
13415
Polypodiaceae
Dipteris conjugata Reinw.
Indg., loc. comm.
13436
Polypodiaceae
Drynaria rigidula (Swartz) Beddome
Indg., comm.
MT
Polypodiaceae
Lemmaphyllum accedens (Bl.) Donk
Nat., comm.
13356
Polypodiaceae
Loxogramma parksii Copel.
Nat., comm.
13313
Polypodiaceae
Microsorium linguaefrome (Mettenius) Copeland
Nat., comm.
MT
Polypodiaceae
Microsorium punctatum (L.) Copeland
Nat., comm.
MT
138
Polypodiaceae
Phymatosorus grossus (Langsdorff et Fischer) Brownlie vativati
Indg., comm.
MT
Psilotaceae
Psilotum complanatum Swartz
Indg., uncomm.
13368
Psilotaceae
Psilotum nudum (L.) Palisot de Beauvois
Indg., uncomm.
MT
Pteridaceae
Antrophyum alatum Brack.
Indg., comm.
MT, 13355
Schizaeaceae
Lygodium reticulatum Schkuhr
Indg., uncomm.
MT
Schizaeaceae
Schizaea dichotoma (L.) J. Sm.
Nat., comm.
MT
Selaginellaceae
Selaginella cf. breynoides Baker
End., comm.
13444
Selaginellaceae
Selaginella firmula A.Braun ex Kuhn
Nat., comm.
MT
Selaginellaceae
Selaginella sp.
Nat., comm.
MT
Selaginellaceae
Selaginella viridangula Spring
End., comm.
13347
Thelypteridaceae
Christella harveyi (Mettenius) Holttum
Indg., loc. comm.
MT
Vittariaceae
Pteris ensiformis Burmann
Indg., loc. comm.
MT
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