Fitzgerald biosphere
Yüklə 0.98 Mb. Pdf просмотр
|
|
FITZGERALD BIOSPHERE ▪ Threatened Species Profiles
CONTENTS Fauna
Carnaby’s Black‐Cockatoo ▪ Calyptorhynchus latirostris 1
Western Bristlebird ▪ Dasyornis longirostris 2
Chuditch ▪ Dasyurus geoffroii 3
Malleefowl ▪ Leipoa ocellata 4
Numbat ▪ Myrmecobius fasciatus 5
Dibbler ▪ Parantechinus apicalis 6
Western Ground‐Parrot ▪ Pezoporus (wallicus) flaviventris 7
Red‐tailed Phascogale ▪ Phascogale calura 8
Heath Mouse ▪ Pseudomys shortridgei 9
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
Stylidium galioides 35
36
37
38
39 Communities
40 ABBREVIATIONS DEC ▪ Western Australia Department of Environment and Conservation IUCN ▪ International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Mt ▪ Mount NP ▪ National Park NR ▪ Nature Reserve NSW ▪ New South Wales NT ▪ Northern Territory SA ▪ South Australia spp. ▪ multiple species belong to single genus subsp. ▪ subspecies VIC ▪ Victoria WA ▪ Western Australia ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS These threatened species profiles were prepared by Saul Cowen for DEC South Coast Region. The following people assisted in the preparation of these profiles: Sarah Barrett ▪ DEC Threatened Flora Officer, South Coast Region Sarah Comer ▪ DEC Regional Ecologist, South Coast Region Janet Newell ▪ DEC Recovery Planner, South Coast Region Deon Utber ▪ DEC (Acting) Regional Leader Nature Conservation, South Coast Region Grateful thanks is extended to all those who contributed photographs. All photographs are copyright and may not be reproduced by a Third Party without prior permission of the photographer or DEC (where appropriate).
Species Profile ▪ FITZGERALD BIOSPHERE PLAN 1
(Psittacidae)
▪
IUCN Red List 2010: Endangered ▪
Environment Protection & Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999: Endangered ▪
Conservation Act 1950: Endangered Photo:
© Raana Scott Description Large black cockatoo (53‐58cm), with white cheek patch and white interior to tail feathers. Males distinguishable by black (rather than grey) bill and red (not grey) eye‐ring. Heavy bill structure differs slightly from very similar Baudin’s Black‐Cockatoo (C. baudinii) in that the upper mandible is shorter but this can be difficult to observe in the field. Gregarious and outside the breeding season forms large flocks.
Occurs patchily throughout much of the south‐west land division, from the Murchison River in the north‐west to the Esperance region in the south‐east. Several
nesting sites
known with
Fitzgerald Biosphere. Mainly occurs in uncleared or remnant eucalypt woodland or heath. Outside the breeding season, may occur in Banksia woodland, coastal heathland as well as pine (Pinus spp.) plantations. Feeding habitat needs to be within 20km of nesting site for successful breeding to occur. Larger eucalypts (e.g. Marri (Corymbia callophylla); Karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor)) are believed to be less important but may frequently be seen in these habitats.
Generalist seed‐eaters, feeding on a wide range of both native and introduced flora. Usually arboreal but will occasionally feed on the ground. Will also feed on the nectar of native Proteaceae, as well as extracting insect larvae from the fruits and flowers of Banksia species. Socially monogamous and pairs retain strong pair bonds for the duration of their reproductive lives (>4‐5yrs for females). A hollow‐nester, requiring suitably sized hollows for breeding.
Loss of both breeding and feeding habitat; illegal harvesting of nestlings for cage‐bird trade; competition for nesting hollows with other cockatoo species and feral Honeybees (Apis mellifera). References BirdLife International (2009) Species factsheet: Calyptorhynchus latirostris. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 16/2/2010 Cale, B. (2003) Carnaby’s Black‐Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus latirostris) Recovery Plan 2002‐2012 for Carnaby’s Black‐ Cockatoo Recovery Team. Department of Conservation and Land Management, Perth, Western Australia. Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (2010) Calyptorhynchus latirostris in Species Profile and Threats Database, Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, Canberra. http://www.environment.gov.au/sprat.‐ Accessed 23/2/2010 Species Profile ▪ FITZGERALD BIOSPHERE PLAN 2
(Dasyornidae) Conservation Status ▪
IUCN Red List 2010: Vulnerable ▪
Environment Protection & Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999: Vulnerable ▪
Western Australian Wildlife Conservation Act 1950: Vulnerable Photo:
© Ray Smith Description A medium‐sized (c.17cm) ground‐dwelling bird with short wings and long, graduated tail. Colouration is generally rufous‐ brown with fine dark‐brown scalloping. The underparts brownish‐grey. An elusive species and often difficult to observe.
Endemic to south‐west WA and occurs in two disjunct areas: from Two Peoples’ Bay NR to Cheynes Beach and in the Fitzgerald River NP as far east as East Mt Barren. Not recorded between these populations, which are
themselves fragmented. Favours diverse areas of closed coastal heathland, usually with abundant sedges and low eucalypt thickets. May reoccupy burnt areas 2‐3 yrs post‐fire but in drier areas it may take 11‐14 yrs.
Ground‐foraging species
with diet
consisting mainly
of seeds
and invertebrates. Weak flier and generally terrestrial but will occasionally make short flights. Song is distinctive and antiphonal, i.e. ‘male’ call is answered by ‘female’ call. Little is known of breeding biology but pairs appear to hold territories together.
Stochastic events especially extensive or high frequency wildfires; reduction of floristic diversity through ‘dieback’ caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi pathogen; predation by feral
predators; fragmentation of existing habitat.
BirdLife International (2009) Species factsheet: Dasyornis longirostris. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 23/2/2010 Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (2010) Dasyornis longirostris in Species Profile and Threats Database, Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, Canberra. http://www.environment.gov.au/sprat ‐ Accessed 23/2/2010
Gilfillan, S., Comer, S., Burbidge, A., Blyth, J. & Danks, A. (2009) South Coast Threatened Birds Recovery Plan 2009‐2018 for South Coast Threatened Birds Recovery Team. Department of Environment and Conservation, Perth, Western Australia. (Unpublished) Species Profile ▪ FITZGERALD BIOSPHERE PLAN 3
(Dasyuridae) (Western Quoll) Conservation Status ▪
IUCN Red List 2010: Near Threatened ▪
Environment Protection & Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999: Vulnerable ▪
Western Australian Wildlife Conservation Act 1950: Vulnerable
Photo: © Cameron Tiller (DEC) Description Australia’s largest carnivorous marsupial, with mature adults attaining the size of a small domestic cat and weighing up to 1.3kg. Pelage reddish‐brown with white spots. Long tail graduates to black at distal end.
Formerly occupied up to 70% of Australian mainland but since mid‐20 th
western WA. Has been translocated to various sites between Cape Arid and Kalbarri NPs and ranges widely so exact distribution difficult to assess. However, appears to occur patchily throughout the south‐west land division and appears to utilise a wide range of habitats from sclerophyll woodlands to beaches and deserts. Riparian systems may hold higher than normal densities.
Opportunistic omnivore and consumes large invertebrates as well as small birds, mammals and reptiles. Plant material (e.g. Zamia (Macrozamia riedlei) seed pulp) occasionally eaten and may also scavenge from humans. Mainly terrestrial and nocturnal but will occasionally climb trees and forage diurnally. Males and females reach sexual maturity in first year and rarely live longer than four years. Both sexes are promiscuous. Young spent first 2 months in pouch, after which they reside in a den.
Loss/alteration of habitat including den sites (e.g. hollow logs); high wildfire frequency; competition with
and predation by feral predators; conflict with humans (e.g. illegal hunting, poisoning etc).
References Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (2010) Dasyurus geoffroii in Species Profile and Threats Database, Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, Canberra. http://www.environment.gov.au/sprat.‐ Accessed 23/2/2010 Morris, K.., Burbidge, A. & Hamilton, S. (2008) Dasyurus geoffroii. IUCN 2009. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2009.2. http://www.iucnredlist.org ‐ Accessed 23/2/2010. Orell, P. & Morris, K. (1994) Chuditch Recovery Plan (1992‐2001) for Chuditch Recovery Team. Department of Conservation and Land Management, Perth, Western Australia. Species Profile ▪ FITZGERALD BIOSPHERE PLAN 4
(Megapodiidae) Conservation Status ▪
IUCN Red List 2010: Vulnerable ▪
Environment Protection & Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999: Vulnerable ▪
Conservation Act 1950: Vulnerable
Photo: © Alan Danks Description Large, ground‐dwelling bird up to 60cm long and 2.5kg in weight. Adult birds have grey necks with black medial stripe and upperparts are chestnut brown with mottled
brown, black
and white
ocellations on the wings.
In Australia, occurs in a wide distribution (approximately 900,000 km²) from the Great Dividing Range in the east to Shark Bay in the west. In WA, occurs south‐ west of a line from Carnarvon to Eyre Bird Observatory, often patchily especially in remnant bush in the Wheatbelt. Absent from far south‐west. In WA,
occurs mainly
in arid
mallee/shrubland habitats on sandy soils. Abundant leaf‐litter is key for the construction of mounds for reproduction.
Generalist forager and will consume invertebrates, a variety of plant material (especially seeds) as well as fungi but may also utilise artificial sources of food (e.g. spilt grain). Terrestrial and usually forages around dawn and dusk. A mound‐nester and builds mounds 4‐5m in diameter and 1m high. Pairs may raise 8‐10 chicks per year. Sexually mature at 4‐5 yrs and the average lifespan may be c.15 yrs.
Loss of habitat and fragmentation through land clearance; predation by feral predators; large‐scale or high frequency of wildfire; competition with grazing herbivores; increased risk of
predation/mortality from foraging from artificial food sources (e.g. spilt grain along roadsides).
BirdLife International (2009) Species factsheet: Leipoa ocellata. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 23/2/2010 Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts (2010) Leipoa ocellata in Species Profile and Threats Database, Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, Canberra. Available from: http://www.environment.gov.au/sprat.‐ Accessed 23/2/2010 Short, J. & Parson, J. (2008) Malleefowl Conservation – informed and integrated community action. A final report to WWF Australia and Avon Catchment Council.
Species Profile ▪ Каталог: images -> user-images -> documents images -> Мп г. Белгорода «Стоматологическая поликлиника №2» Информированное добровольное согласие на стоматологическое эндодонтическое лечение images -> Задачами модуля являются images -> Сагітальні аномалії прикусу. Дистальний прикус. Етіологія, патогенез, клініка та діагностика дистального прикусу images -> Мп г. Белгорода «Стоматологическая поликлиника №2» Информированное добровольное согласие на проведение ортодонтического лечения images -> Мп г. Белгорода «Стоматологическая поликлиника №2» Информированное добровольное согласие на пародонтологическое лечение images -> Yazılım Eleştirisi documents -> Fitzgerald biosphere recovery plan a landscape approach to threatened species and ecological communities for recovery and biodiversity conservation Поделитесь с Вашими друзьями:
|