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Günter BLOBEL
Germany/USA
Nobel Prize in physiology/medicine in 1999
Professor of Cell Biology at Rockefeller University, New York
Introduction by Gottlieb GUNTERN
A human being has got about 100 million million cells. In a healthy organism they all work together in
harmony.
Günter Blobel, a wizard of cellular and molecular biology, has discovered how a cell directs the
traffic of specific proteins to their proper destination - in a territory populated by approximately one
million other proteins. How is a cell able to avoid confusion in the hurly-burly of teeming life? How
does it ensure proper communication and migration of protein molecules - a sine qua non for proper
physiological functioning and thus for a healthy existence?
Combining painstaking investigation, high imagination and shrewd judgement, the great biologist
found out that proteins use a veritable zip code. Unlike our mail system, it consists not of numbers but
of a specific sequence of amino-acids. Cell membranes have gates protected by proteins able to
decode the zip code of migrating peers: they let travellers pass with specific zip code and reject
others.
Günter Blobel has helped us to understand how the wonder of life functions on a molecular level. His
contribution will permit us to better understand the basic mechanisms of various health disorders (e.g.
Morbus Alzheimer, cystic fibrosis, AIDS, Herpes virus infections). By the same token, it enables us to
found multi-billion industries producing bio-engineered drugs such as insulin and growth hormone.
Is the often cited Era of Knowledge a hallmark of our time? It seems that cells have already mastered
many of its intricacies for some 3.5 billion years!
Blobel was born in Waltersdorf, Germany. He received his medical degree in 1960 from the University
of Tübingen and a doctoral degree in oncology in 1967 from the University of Wisconsin .
He joined
The Rockefeller University in 1967 as a postdoctoral fellow in the cell biology laboratory. M.D. Blobel
was appointed an assistant professor in 1969, associate professor in 1973, professor in 1976 and John
D. Rockefeller Jr. Professor in 1992.
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“Creativity are flashes of insight that are more ecstatic in nature than any other human experience.
Creative leadership is to formulate testable and compelling solutions.”