Individual Population Community



Yüklə 0,92 Mb.
tarix02.01.2022
ölçüsü0,92 Mb.
#42798
Ecology

Ecology

  • Ecology- The study of the relationships between different species in a given area.
  • Biosphere- Sphere of the Earth in which all living things exist. Is found from the atmosphere all the way into the lithosphere.
  • Individual
  • Population
  • Community
  • Ecosystem

Energy and Matter Flow

  • Both Energy and Matter flow through an ecosystem
  • Energy flows into and out of the ecosystem
  • Matter is usually recycled

Energy

  • All energy from an ecosystem comes from the sun, originally
  • Plants convert sunlight into chemical energy
  • Other organisms eat plants and each other for that stored sunlight energy

Energy Pyramid

  • Less energy is transferred to the next trophic level.
  • This is due to some energy lost due to metabolic activities
  • Only about 10% of energy is available (in the form of body structure)
  • to the next trophic level

Food Chain/Web

  • Food chains and webs show the food (and therefore energy) relationship between species in an ecosystem.

Cycles of Matter

  • Water cycle- Water, through evaporation and condensation, cycles through ecosystems
  • Carbon Cycle- Carbon travels through ecosystems by photosynthesis and respiration
  • Nitrogen Cycle- Nitrogen travels through ecosystems by chemical processes
    • Nitrogen fixation- Bacteria and fungi take nitrogen from the atmosphere and change it to a form useful to plants
    • Denitrification- Other bacterial convert the soil nitrogen back into a gas

Limiting Nutrients

Ecological Relationships

  • Predation- One organism eats another, usually smaller, organism
  • Symbiosis- Two organisms live very closely together
  • Mutualism-Type of symbiosis where both organisms benefit
  • Commensalism- Type of symbiosis where one member benefits, the other is unaffected
  • Parasitism- Type of symbiosis where one member benefits at the expense of the other

Secondary Succession


Yüklə 0,92 Mb.

Dostları ilə paylaş:




Verilənlər bazası müəlliflik hüququ ilə müdafiə olunur ©azkurs.org 2024
rəhbərliyinə müraciət

gir | qeydiyyatdan keç
    Ana səhifə


yükləyin