Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, 84: 53-61, 2001

Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, 84: 53-61, 2001

© Royal Society of Western Australia, 2001

53

Introduction

Jingaring Nature Reserve is a species-rich remnant

(see species list in appendix) of high conservation value

(i.e. “A” class nature reserve). It is located 155 km directly

east-south-east of Perth near Pingelly, Western Australia

(Fig 1). The district has a dry Mediterranean-type climate

with very warm, dry summers and very cool, wet win-

ters. Average annual rainfall for the reserve is about 400

mm, which places the reserve within the wetter western

(inner) margins of the wheatbelt (Fig 1). The landscape

surrounding Jingaring Nature Reserve is undulating hills

with interspersed plains. Overall height relief is low and

there are few large granite outcrops or extensive lateritic

ridges as found in western parts of this district (Beard

1980a). The reserve is a small triangular remnant (34 ha)

situated in the upper reaches of the Avon River, the river

being a few kilometres to the north. Drainage of the im-

mediate area is via Sandplain Creek, that runs through

the extreme south-western corner of the reserve heading

firstly north west, then to the north, before it drains into

the Avon River. Jingaring Nature Reserve is actually a

remnant portion of creek floodplain and gently sloping

valley side. The reserve is surrounded by expanses of

cleared agricultural land that forms an integral feature of

the Western Australian wheatbelt region. Beard (1980b)

classified the dominant vegetation of the district as a mix-

ture of York gum (Eucalyptus loxophleba) and wandoo (E.

wandoo), with scrub-heath on intervening sandplain areas.

This describes the situation in the immediate surrounds

of the reserve. Further east (~25 km) the wandoo gives

way to the more xeric-adapted salmon gum (E.

salmonophloia), while 20 km south in the Shire of Cuballing,

groves of jam (Acacia acuminata) and sheoak (Allocasuarina

huegeliana) surround significant areas of granite

outcropping (Beard 1980b).

Currently, there are few published wheatbelt rem-

nant surveys available, but notable are the pioneering

surveys of 24 reserves compiled in the Records of the

Western Australian Museum (Muir 1977a). There are sev-

eral other significant, and unpublished, flora surveys of

wheatbelt remnants; however, few of these submitted

vouchers to the Western Australian Herbarium (PERTH)

so that the specimens would be available and

taxonomically relevant into the future. Reasons for the

lack of published survey information to date are the costs

of extensively surveying remnants and the vastness of the

region (i.e. 18 million hectares). Larger remnants (i.e. >2000

ha) are generally considered as important areas for con-

serving this wealth of bio-diversity and these areas are

also particularly necessary for fauna conservation. The

aim of this survey was to highlight the contribution that

smaller remnants, (particularly intact remnants) can make

towards the overall flora diversity within the wheatbelt

region. Additionally, it emphasizes that these small intact

remnants should not be overlooked nor precluded from

future acquisitions of conservation estate.

Vegetation, flora and recommendations for conservation

management of Jingaring Nature Reserve: A “botanical gem”

in the Western Australian wheat-belt.

F J Obbens, R W Davis & L W Sage

Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Conservation and Land Management,

Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre WA 6983

 

(received February 1999, accepted December 2000)

Abstract

The significance of larger remnants at retaining local bio-diversity in an essentially cleared and fragmented

agricultural landscape is generally accepted, but small intact remnants also contribute significantly to overall

bio-diversity. This was highlighted by our comprehensive survey  of vascular flora of Jingaring Nature Reserve,

which included every season over a two-year period. The exceptionally diverse flora of this relatively undis-

turbed wheatbelt remnant identified six distinct communities encompassing heaths and woodlands. Over 260

vascular species were recorded, including two rare, five priority and a number of species of special interest from

51 families. Weeds accounted for 27 species, but the extent of invasion is relatively low. The known limit of many

species’ distributions occur near or at the reserve and this may be an evolutionary artefact of significant impor-

tance. Higher species diversity per unit area was recorded compared to other unpublished surveys of larger areas

around this district.

Several management issues are of concern for Jingaring Nature Reserve including protection of rare and

priority flora, weed invasion, fire management and damage caused by unauthorised access. Eradication of

rabbits and localised weed control around rabbit warrens in the reserve should result in regeneration of these

areas.

Keywords: vegetation, flora, Jingaring Nature Reserve, wheat-belt, remnant vegetation.

Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, 84 (2), June 2001

54

Methods

The vegetation communities of Jingaring Nature Re-

serve were interpreted from a 1996 aerial photograph and

confirmed in the field during 1999. Classification of these

vegetation communities is based on Muir (1977b). This

classification assesses vegetation structure by taking meas-

ures of lifeform/height class and canopy cover/density

class to produce a vegetation type. For example, trees 15-

30 m with a 10-30% canopy cover were designated

woodlands, while the same trees with a canopy cover of 2-

10% would be designated as open woodlands. To a

significant extent this classification also reflects species

compositional differences. Additionally, brief investiga-

tions were made of the soils in each vegetation community.

This included taking soil samples (~3 cm depth) to nomi-

nally assess soil texture and colour.

The flora survey and collections were accomplished

by walking along transects (spaced 150 m apart) which

spanned the full width of the reserve in a north-south

orientation. The first transect began at approximately 50

m in from the reserve’s south-west corner, in the vicinity

of Sandplain Creek. Every vegetation type was traversed

several times using this technique. This transect survey

was undertaken during late spring 1998, but various addi-

tional surveys were also carried out during mid autumn,

early and late winter, early and mid spring, and early

summer over 1998 and 1999. On these occasions a tech-

nique known as ‘randomized stratified walk’ (Hopper et

al. 1997) was employed. As the name suggests, this method

involves specimen collections via random walks in each

habitat type. The purpose of this intensive surveying was

to obtain a good flowering specimen of each species and

to compile a more complete vascular flora list (i.e. as a

benchmark survey).

The authors identified most specimens with some as-

sistance from specialist staff of the WA Herbarium. All

specimens were submitted for incorporation at the WA

Herbarium. Species names follow WACENSUS (WA Her-

barium census of Western Australian vascular plants),

while conservation status of species is according to De-

partment of Conservation and Land Management’s

Figure 1.  Location of Jingaring Nature Reserve, near Pingelly, in

the southwest of Western Australia showing rainfall isohyets.

Figure 2.  Vegetation communities of Jingaring Nature Reserve.

Obbens, Davis & Sage: Vegetation of Jingaring Reserve

55

(CALM) Declared Rare Flora and Priority Flora list (Atkins

1999). The authors also received invaluable information

from WA Herbarium database records (WAHERB) and

(FLORABASE).

Results

Vegetation and habitat

Interpretation of the aerial photograph and site sur-

vey indicated six major vegetation types (Table 1 & Fig 2),

five quite distinctive, and a sixth being a variant of rea-

sonable species differences and of sufficient area to be

considered as separate (i.e. 5: Heath from Table 1).

The creekline community covers a small area (~ 3 ha)

and has variable soil types, the creek banks being a mix-

ture of gravels bound in fine to coarse sandy clay. Eucalyptus

loxophleba, E. rudis, Acacia saligna and Melaleuca sp are com-

mon, while further out Allocasuarina huegeliana becomes

more dominant on brown sandy loam. Numerous wind-

dispersed agricultural grass weeds, such as Avena barbata,

Ehrharta longiflora, Bromus diandrus and Lolium rigidum, are

well established here preferring the extra moisture and

nutrients.

The low forest community occurs on grey/brown

sandy loam in a narrow band east of the creek line (plains

country) and parallel to the road. Allocasuarina huegeliana

and Acacia acuminata predominate, interspersed with Eu-

calyptus wandoo and resulting in a mid-dense canopy cover

(30-70%), the open patches being more woodland like.

There are a few scattered shrubs, but most of the

understorey is quite open and rich in annuals and other

herbaceous species. The wandoo woodland community

slightly intergrades at the boundary with the previous

low forest community and again occurs on sandy loams.

This vegetation type traverses the slope with the

understorey on the lower slopes consisting of scattered

low shrubs (mainly Fabaceae) and sedges (predominantly

Lepidobolus preissianus and Desmocladus asper), while on the

mid to upper slope there are more frequent bare patches

containing wandoo leaf litter. Another pocket of open

wandoo woodland also occurs up slope on the reserve’s

mid northern boundary and extends onto adjacent farm-

land (Fig 2).

The low heath community covers most of the exten-

sive low-lying plain of the reserve and has a light grey/

brown sandy loam appearance. The area is reasonably

inundated at times during winter. Low shrubs and sub-

shrubs predominate, but there are also scattered patches

of taller vegetation including Allocasuarina campestris,

Santalum spicatum and some Acacia species. The heath is

species rich with a number of common shrubs such as

Calothamnus brevifolius, Melaleuca carrii, Beaufortia bracteosa,

Acacia lasiocarpa, Daviesia cardiophylla, Comesperma scoparium,

Hakea lissocarpha,  Dodonea pinifolia,  Petrophile ericifolia,

Laxmannia omnifertilis and Allocasuarina humilis to name but

a few. Mesomelaena preissii is the most commonly occur-

ring sedge.

Farther up the slope the low heath changes subtly to

heath. This community covers a considerable area of the

reserve in two large parts separated by wandoo wood-

land. The soil varies from light grey to light grey/brown

sandy loams often with a thin layer of bleached white

sand on top. Soil depth also increases farther up slope,

which might explain the differences in shrub height for

this community. Most of the species mentioned in the pre-

vious community occur here also, however, others such

as Banksia sphaerocarpa, B. violacea, Isopogon buxifolius, Pimelea

imbricata,  Leptospermum erubescens and Grevillea cagiana

appear to be specifically located within this vegetation

type.

The last community is a small patch of thicket domi-

nated by tall Allocasuarina campestris and Dryandra purdieana,

with a mid-dense understorey of Banksia sphaerocarpa, Hakea

incrassata and Calothamnus brevifolia. The soils are again a

light grey/brown loam and appear to have similar depth

to the heath community.

Flora

A total of 264 vascular species (237 natives and 27

introduced weeds) from 51 families were listed for

Jingaring Nature Reserve (Appendix). The ten largest fami-

lies were Proteaceae (28), Myrtaceae (27), Asteraceae (22),

Poaceae (18), Papilionaceae (16), Cyperaceae (15),

Mimosaceae (13), Orchidaceae (12) Goodeniaceae (11) and

total ‘Liliaceae’ (13). Half of the Poaceae species are weeds.

The ten genera with the greatest number of species are

Acacia (13), Verticordia (9), Hakea (6), Caladenia (6), Schoenus

(6), Drosera (6), Dryandra (5), Daviesia (5), Goodenia (5) and

Stylidium (5).

Two declared rare species, Verticordia fimbrilepis ssp

fimbrilepis, a variant of Dryandra ionthocarpa (currently un-

Table 1. Vegetation communities and their predominant plant species as recognized at Jingaring Nature Reserve.

Community

      Plant species

Dense Low Forest

Dense canopy of Eucalyptus loxophleba, E. rudis and Allocasuarina huegeliana. Mid canopy of Acacia

saligna, A. acuminata and Melaleuca sp. The understorey is degraded and dominated by weeds.

Low Forest

Allocasuarina huegeliana,  Acacia acuminata and some scattered Eucalyptus wandoo, with a mainly

herbaceous species understorey occurring on flat plain.

Low Woodland

Eucalyptus wandoo with scattered Acacia acuminata and sparse, open shrub understorey or sedges.

Low Heath

A very diverse mix of shrubs and sub-shrubs (<1.5 m), abundant sedges, occurring on flat plain.

Heath

A very diverse mix of shrubs and sub-shrubs (most 1-2 m), some sedges, occurring on sloping

ground.

Thicket

A mid-dense mix of tall shrubs (most >2 m) occurring on gently sloping ground.

Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, 84 (2), June 2001

56

der review) and five priority species, Acacia anarthos,

Anigozanthos bicolor ssp exstans, Calothamnus brevifolius,

Calytrix sp (Jingaring) and Dryandra lindleyana ssp agricola

were recorded for the reserve. There were also several

species of special interest (see discussion).

Discussion

Vegetation and habitat

Most of the vegetation communities of the reserve

were distinctive, but considered as not particularly unique,

there being several other remnants in the area having

similar habitat types. The low heath community is not as

common locally; however, all habitat types were in rela-

tively good condition.

Flora

Jingaring Nature Reserve, with 264 species located

within 34 ha, represents an exceptionally species-rich area.

As a comparison, a ‘random stratified’ flora survey of

Yilliminning Rock reserve, just east of Narrogin and about

55 km directly south of Jingaring Nature Reserve, found

238 vascular species in 80 ha (Pigott & Sage 1997). A

quadrat-based flora survey near Popanyinning (~30 km

south-west of Jingaring Nature Reserve) by Gunness (1998)

found 249 vascular species in 60 ha of bushland remnant.

Additionally, several surveys over a number of years for

the nearby Tutanning Nature Reserve (2310 ha) have so

far recognized 628 species for that reserve. Some of the

differences found in species richness of these areas might

be attributed to the different survey techniques used (i.e.

not comparable), to different habitats surveyed and to the

intensity of surveying (i.e. one season or more). Regard-

less of these factors, Jingaring Nature Reserve has an

unusually high concentration of flora species and thus

plays a big role for its size in conserving wheatbelt bio-

diversity. Any future intensive surveys using a similar

methodology could act as benchmarks. These benchmark

surveys of reserves/remnants spaced equally distant and

appropriately throughout the wheatbelt would help to

increase our knowledge of the flora in this highly frag-

mented landscape.

Declared Rare Flora. Two declared rare species are listed

for the reserve, Verticordia fimbrilepis ssp fimbrilepis and a

variant of Dryandra ionthocarpa (currently under review).

The latter record extends that species range by approxi-

mately 240 km (former distribution just south of the

Stirling Range). Both these species have the IUCN rank-

ing of critically endangered.

Priority species. Five priority species have been identi-

fied, and along with the other rare flora this reaffirms the

high conservation value of the reserve.

Acacia anarthros. Priority 3. This species is known from

more than a dozen small remnants and the Jingaring

Nature Reserve find represents one of the larger

populations with secure conservation tenure. This

population, and another slightly north near Lake

Mears, are the only outliers from the known major

populations centred around Calingiri, approximately

160 km away.

Anigozanthos bicolor ssp exstans. Priority 3. Scattered

populations of this species are found from Meckering

to south of Pingelly, and appear to be associated with

open woodland areas. So far, less than 5 plants have

been discovered in the reserve, all in the typical wood-

land habitat.

Calothamnus brevifolius. Priority 3. Its distribution is a rela-

tively wide area from Marchagee (north) to Tammin

and Corrigin (east) and to the Brookton area (south).

The large Jingaring population is significant com-

pared to the other smaller roadside remnants.

Calytrix  sp (Jingaring). Priority 2. Recently, this taxa has

been recognised as distinct from Calytrix asperula whose

populations are all distributed near the south coast.

There are only three populations of Calytrix  sp

(Jingaring) now recognized, on the reserve, at

Aldersyde, and over 100 km eastwards near

Narembeen. It is doubtful whether this last popula-

tion still exists as the original collection was made in

1929 prior to significant land clearing there.

Dryandra lindleyana ssp agricola. Priority 1. A number of

scattered populations are known over a relatively

small area from east of Brookton to Kondinin. There

are thousands of individual plants in the reserve,

making this one of the largest populations.

Species of interest. Persoonia inconspicua has a distribution

centred around Southern Cross and the Jingaring record

represents a significant range extension. A presumed hy-

brid between Dryandra pteridifolia ssp pteridifolia (southern

sandplains) and Dryandra pteridifolia ssp vernalis (northern

sandplains) occurs on the reserve (taxonomic status to be

determined). The reserve locality is also the distribution

limit for Lagenophora huegelii, Patersonia occidentalis, Hibbertia

hypericoides,  Sowerbaea laxiflora (most eastern margin);

Adenanthos argyreus,  Conostylis petrophiloides,  Grevillea

cagiana,  Logania tortuosa (most western margin); Kunzea

micromera, Banksia violacea (most northern margin) and Aca-

cia acuaria, A. anarthros and Grevillea eriostachya (most

southern margin). This suggests that Jingaring Nature

Reserve was part of a possible refugium where past cli-

matic fluctuations have caused the maximal species

interactions  i.e. a central meeting point for potential

speciation (Hopper 1979).  In these terms, the reserve is a

significant ‘evolutionary showcase’.

Introduced weeds. There were 27 weed species (10% of the

flora) recorded for Jingaring Nature Reserve compared to

19 weed species (8% of the flora) for Yilliminning Rock

and 37 weed species (15% of the flora) for the Popanyinning

remnant survey. These weed ratios range from low to

moderate with some wheat-belt remnants containing

higher numbers of weed species (unpublished personal

observations). The number of weed species does not nec-

essarily correspond to the extent of weed invasion.

Jingaring Nature Reserve has serious weed infestation

throughout the creekline community. Here, grass weeds

such as Avena barbata, Briza maxima, Bromus diandrus, Ehrharta

longiflora, Hordeum geniculatum and Lolium rigidum domi-

nate the understorey. Broadleaf weeds such as Arctotheca

calendula, Brassica tournefortii and Hypochaeris glabra are also

locally common. The reserve boundary abutting farm-

Obbens, Davis & Sage: Vegetation of Jingaring Reserve

57

land also has dense weed invasion, but by far the larger

part of the reserve is relatively weed-free. Some very local-

ized weed incursions also occur around disturbed areas

(i.e. rabbit warrens, service track edges and an old gravel

pit/rubbish site). There are low levels of Parentucellia latifolia

and Romulea rosea scattered in the woodland areas, while

Ursinia anthemoides is scattered throughout the reserve.

These latter weeds appear innocuous, but Romulea rosea is

a serious woodland weed in the wetter wheat-belt regions

(Hussey et al. 1997).

Conservation management

Conservation reserves are generally smaller in the

inner (i.e. western) wheat-belt areas compared to more

eastern areas (CALM records). Management of small re-

serves with large  perimeter to area ratios in a fragmented

landscape is difficult (Panetta & Hopkins 1991) and has

been exacerbated by a long history of disturbance and

degradation. This includes more frequent fires, weed in-

vasions due to human intervention and habitat

modification, and also rising water-tables leading to in-

creased salinity (Hobbs 1993). In outward appearances,

Jingaring Nature Reserve seems relatively undisturbed

in comparison to other small remnants in the area. Vari-

able levels of weed incursion were found, but most native

vegetation appears relatively healthy. There were no ob-

vious signs of tree or shrub deaths that might indicate

increasing salinity, but the reserve may still be at risk due

to its low position in the landscape and its proximity to

the Avon River. Important management issues include

the protection of rare and priority flora, weed abatement,

fire management and the protection of vegetation from

inappropriate and unauthorised access (i.e. trail bikes,

horses  etc).

With two critically endangered and five priority spe-

cies, the reserve needs a high level of protection from

potential threats.  The reserve has distinct vegetation com-

munities and its geographical position makes the flora

special (as discussed previously). Weeds are a threat to the

reserve’s integrity because weeds have been shown to dis-

place native species, alter fire regimes, change local

hydrology and reduce faunal resources (Hobbs 1991;

Humphries et al. 1993; Pigott 1994; Adair 1995). Areas of

weeds targeted specifically should provide the best man-

agement results. For instance, any attempt to eradicate

weeds from the degraded creek line or boundary zones is

unlikely to produce adequate regeneration of native spe-

cies. This is because understorey seed-banks are often

depleted in long-degraded areas such as these, and/or

these areas may require specialised techniques to effect a

reasonable germination event (Arnold et al.1998; unpub-

lished personal observations). Additionally, these areas

easily become weedy again due to wind-transported

propagules and this will hinder the growth of any regen-

erated native seedlings. Ongoing weed control followed

by planting out/seeding of local understorey species may

be the only option left to rehabilitate these areas. This

requires considerable management resources and may not

produce equivalent results to the inputs needed. Most rab-

bit warrens are located in the central portion of the reserve

where regular baiting for rabbits and localized weed con-

trol should prove more successful at regenerating these

areas in the medium term (i.e. native seed rain still occur-

ring in the immediate vicinity and weed reinvasion

limited). A regular monitoring program must be imple-

mented to determine the effectiveness of management

measures and whether or not more control work is re-

quired to achieve a better outcome.

Fire is an essential part of most Australian ecosys-

tems, but too-frequent burning of fragmented landscapes

can be disastrous leading to weed invasion within small

remnants which in turn perpetuates more fire events

(Bridgewater & Kaesehagen 1979; Wycherley 1984; Hussey

& Wallace 1993; B Muir, Muir Environmental Consult-

ants,  personal communication). CALM district records

show that the reserve has not had a fire since 1980 and

likely many years prior to that date. It appears that the

localized weed invasions in the reserve are the results of

localized soil disturbance rather than too-frequent fires.

Any future fire plans should consider mosaic burns sup-

plemented with post-fire weed control if required. Grading

fire-breaks prior to mosaic burns is not recommended

due to the increased potential for weed invasion along

these breaks (i.e. increased soil disturbance) and increased

fragmentation of these small reserves. Brush-cutting nar-

row bands of vegetation may provide the necessary

fire-breaks. The potential for fire to adversely impact upon

the reserve’s rare flora must be considered. These areas

should be kept fire-free until recovery plans have been

successfully implemented which would include research

into the fire response of these species.

There has been some evidence of trail bikes and horses

using the area. The open nature of the reserve allows easy

access. A management track cuts through the centre of the

reserve and another overgrown track leads to the reserve’s

north-west corner (not shown on Fig 2). At this stage, the

damage to vegetation from vehicles and horses has been

minor. It would be advisable to erect signs that these ac-

tivities are not appropriate or authorised, and to more

clearly distinguish the area as a nature reserve.

In conclusion, the survey has highlighted aspects that

need management attention despite the reserve’s relatively

pristine appearance. It demonstrates that ‘in depth’ sur-

veys are especially useful at detecting potential issues prior

to these situations becoming real management problems.

Acknowledgements: The authors thank N Marchant and the staff of the Western

Australian Herbarium (CALM) for their assistance and support for this volun-

tary project. We also thank R Cranfield and C Yates for their help and comments

on earlier drafts of this paper.

Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, 84 (2), June 2001

58

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59

Appendix

The vascular plant species recorded for Jingaring Nature

Reserve listed by family. The family sequence is based on

Engler’s phylogenetic classification of plant families. The

collector’s number for each specimen is included in pa-

rentheses after the species authority name. * symbol

represents species which are naturalized weeds.

Poaceae

* Alopecurus pratensis L (LWS1308)

Amphipogon strictus R Br (LWS1315)

Amphipogon turbinatus R Br (RD6376)

Austrodanthonia acerosa (Vickery) HP Linder (LWS1346)

Austrodanthonia caespitosa (Gaudich) HP Linder

(LWS1300)

Austrostipa elegantissima (Labill) SWL Jacobs & J Everett

(LWS1282)

Austrostipa hemipogon (Benth) SWL Jacobs & J Everett

(FO236/99)

Austrostipa semibarbata (R Br) SWL Jacobs & J Everett

(LWS1352)

Austrostipa  sp (LWS1351)

* Avena barbata Link (LWS1345)

* Briza maxima L (RD6557)

* Bromus diandrus Roth (LWS1356)

* Ehrharta longiflora Sm (LWS1357)

* Hordeum geniculatum All (LWS1314)

* Lolium rigidum Gaudin (LWS1306)

Neurachne alopecuroidea R Br (RD6553)

* Pentaschistis airoides (Nees) Stapf (LWS1334)

* Vulpia muralis (Kunth) Nees (RD6550)

Cyperaceae

Baumea  sp (RD6397)

Caustis dioica R Br (LWS1259)

Chorizandra enodis Nees (LWS1321)

* Cyperus tenellus L f (LWS1287)

Lepidosperma brunonianum Nees (FO34199)

Lepidosperma costale Nees (LWS1367)

Lepidosperma  sp  (LWS1382)

Lepidosperma  sp A2 Island Flat (GJ Keighery 7000)

(LWS1384)

Mesomelaena preissii Nees (RD6543)

Schoenus discifer Tate (LWS1320)

Schoenus  sp (LWS1289)

Schoenus  sp A2 Kulin (BG Briggs 7939)(LWS1271)

Schoenus  sp smooth culms (KR Newbey 7823)(FO41/99)

Schoenus subflavus Kuek subsp long leaves (KL Wilson

2865)(LWS1358)

Schoenus subflavus Kuek subsp subflavus(RD6535)

Restionaceae

Anarthria polyphylla Nees (LWS1272)

Desmocladus asper (Nees) LAS Johnson & BG Briggs

(RD6384)

Harperia lateriflora W Fitzg. (FO232/99)

Lepidobolus chaetocephalus Benth (RD6379)

Lepidobolus preissianus Nees subsp preissianus  (LWS1260)

Dasypogonaceae

Calectasia grandiflora Endl (RD6334)

Chamaexeros serra (Endl) Benth (RD6375)

Lomandra effusa (Lindl) Ewart (LWS1251a)

Lomandra  sp (LWS1251b)

Xanthorrhoeaceae

Xanthorrhoea drummondii Harv (LWS1307)

Phormiaceae

Dianella revoluta R Br (LWS1309)

Stypandra glauca R Br (RD6532)

Anthericaceae

Chamaescilla corymbosa (R Br) Benth (FO238/99)

Chamaescilla spiralis (Endl) Benth (RD6525)

Dichopogon preissii (Endl) Brittan (LWS1359)

Laxmannia omnifertilis Keighery (RD6451)

Laxmannia squarrosa Lindl (LWS1278)

Sowerbaea laxiflora Lindl (RD6455)

Thysanotus patersonii R Br (FO242/99)

Tricoryne tenella R Br (LWS1303)

Colchicaceae

Wurmbea tenella (Endl) Benth (RD6341)

Boryaceae

Borya laciniata Churchill (RD6448)

Borya sphaerocephala R Br (RD6539)

Haemodoraceae

Anigozanthos bicolor subsp exstans Hopper (FO311/99)

Conostylis petrophiloides Benth (LWS1274)

Conostylis villosa Benth (LWS1374)

Haemodorum discolor T Macfarlane (LWS1375)

Tribonanthes longipetala Lindl (RD6527)

Iridaceae

Orthrosanthus laxus var gramineus (Endl) Geerinck

(RD6456)

Patersonia juncea Lindl (LWS1376)

Patersonia occidentalis R Br (LWS1355)

* Romulea rosea var australis (Ewart) MP de Vos (RD6447)

Orchidaceae

Caladenia hiemalis Hopper & AP Brown ms (RD6450b)

Caladenia pendens Hopper & AP Brown subsp pendens ms

(FO245/99)

Caladenia radialis RS Rogers (FO246/99)

Caladenia reptans Lindl (FO243/99)

Caladenia vulgata Hopper & AP Brown ms (FO244/99)

Cyanicula deformis (R Br) Hopper & AP Brown ms

(RD6441)

Diuris corymbosa Lindl (RD6416)

Diuris laxiflora Lindl (LWS1311)

Diuris setacea R Br (LWS1310)

Eriochilus helonomos Hopper & AP Brown ms (FO33/99)

Pterostylis recurva Benth (FO235/99)

Casuarinaceae

Allocasuarina campestris (Diels) LAS Johnson (FO6A&B/99)

Allocasuarina huegeliana (Miq) LAS Johnson (RD6328)

Allocasuarina humilis (Otto & F Dietr) LAS Johnson

(RD6327)

Allocasuarina microstachya (Miq) LAS Johnson (RD6339)

Proteaceae

Adenanthos argyreus Diels (RD6318)

Banksia sphaerocarpa R Br (RD6316)

Banksia violacea CA Gardner (RD6332)

Dryandra ionthocarpa AS George (LWS1350)

Dryandra lindleyana subsp agricola AS George (LWS1383)

Dryandra pteridifolia R Br (RD6337)

Dryandra purdieana Diels (RD6329)

Dryandra vestita Meisn (RD6336)

Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, 84 (2), June 2001

60

Grevillea cagiana McGill (LWS1339)

Grevillea eriostachya Lindl (LWS1347)

Grevillea uncinulata Diels subsp uncinulata  (RD6438)

Hakea brownii Meisn (RD6325)

Hakea cygna Lamont subsp cygna (RD6322)

Hakea lissocarpha R Br (RD6439)

Hakea prostrata R Br (LWS1329)

Hakea scoparia Meisn (LWS1349)

Hakea trifurcata (Sm) R Br (RD6369)

Isopogon buxifolius R Br (RD6370)

Isopogon teretifolius R Br subsp teretifolius ms (LWS1338)

Persoonia inconspicua PH Weston (FO239/99)

Persoonia  sp (LWS1381)

Persoonia striata R Br (FO330/98)

Petrophile brevifolia Lindl (RD6372)

Petrophile ericifolia R Br subsp ericifolia  (RD6388)

Petrophile seminuda Lindl (RD6380)

Petrophile squamata R Br (RD6377)

Synaphea  aff interioris (RD6321)

Synaphea spinulosa subsp major AS George (RD6340)

Santalaceae

Santalum spicatum (R Br) A DC (RD6454)

Loranthaceae

Nuytsia floribunda (Labill) Fenzl (FO31/99)

Polygonaceae

Muehlenbeckia adpressa (Labill) Meisn (LWS1325)

Amaranthaceae

Ptilotus drummondii (LWS1296)

Ptilotus declinatus Nees (LWS1333)

Ptilotus manglesii (Lindl) F Muell (LWS1254)

Ptilotus polystachyus (Gaudich) F Muell (FO/99)

Caryophyllaceae

* Spergularia rubra (L) J Presl & C Presl (FO312/99)

* Spergularia salina J Presl & C Presl (LWS1288)

Lauraceae

Cassytha glabella R Br (FO2/99)

Cassytha pomiformis Nees (LWS1316)

Fumariaceae

* Fumaria muralis WDJ Koch (RD6446)

Brassicaceae

* Brassica tournefortii Gouan (FO240/99)

* Raphanus raphanistrum L (LWS1370)

Droseraceae

Drosera bulbosa Hook subsp bulbosa  (FO30/99)

Drosera erythrorhiza subsp squamosa (Benth) Marchant &

Lowrie (FO4/99)

Drosera glanduligera Lehm (RD6538)

Drosera macrantha Endl subsp macrantha  (RD6457)

Drosera menziesii DC subsp menziesii  (FO310/99)

Drosera subhirtella Planch (RD6554)

Crassulaceae

Crassula colorata (Nees) Ostenf (FO231/99)

Pittosporaceae

Sollya heterophylla Lindl (RD6383)

Mimosaceae

Acacia acuaria W Fitzg (FO159/99)

Acacia acuminata Benth (LWS1283)

Acacia anarthros Maslin (FO15/99)

Acacia lasiocalyx CRP Andrews (RD6324)

Acacia lasiocarpa var sedifolia (Meisn) Maslin (RD6381)

Acacia leptospermoides Benth (FO233/99)

Acacia microbotrya Benth (LWS1262)

Acacia multispicata Benth (FO234/99)

Acacia saligna (Labill) HL Wendl (LWS1292)

Acacia sessilispica Maiden & Blakely (RD6533)

Acacia stenoptera Benth (RD6330)

Acacia subflexuosa Maiden subsp subflexuosa  (RD6338)

Acacia tratmaniana W Fitzg (RD6391)

Papilionaceae

Bossiaea spinescens Meisn (RD6385)

Chorizema aciculare (DC) CA Gardner subsp aciculare

(RD6536)

Daviesia  aff cardiophylla (FO40/99)

Daviesia brachyphylla Meisn (FO156/99)

Daviesia cardiophylla F Muell (RD6315)

Daviesia hamata Crisp (RD6333)

Daviesia incrassata subsp teres Crisp (LWS1373)

Gastrolobium spinosum var triangulare Benth (LWS1275)

Gompholobium marginatum R Br (LWS1270)

Isotropis cuneifolia (Sm) BD Jacks (RD6556)

Isotropis drummondii Meisn (LWS1302)

Jacksonia condensata Crisp & JR Wheeler (LWS1327)

Jacksonia racemosa Meisn (LWS1378)

Mirbelia trichocalyx Domin (LWS1281)

Nemcia  sp A Avon (MD Crisp 6183)(RD6530)

* Trifolium arvense L (LWS1318)

Geraniaceae

* Erodium botrys (Cav) Bertol (LWS1336)

Erodium cygnorum Nees (FO230/99)

Oxalidaceae

* Oxalis corniculata L (FO313/99)

Rutaceae

Boronia coerulescens F Muell subsp coerulescens  (RD6440)

Boronia ramosa subsp anethifolia (Bartl) PG Wilson

(FO315/99)

Tremandraceae

Tetratheca confertifolia Steetz (LWS1340)

Polygalaceae

Comesperma scoparium Steetz (RD6389)

Euphorbiaceae

Poranthera microphylla Brongn (LWS1313)

Stackhousiaceae

Stackhousia monogyna Labill (LWS1279)

Sapindaceae

Dodonaea pinifolia Miq (RD6367)

Rhamnaceae

Cryptandra leucopogon Reissek (RD6540)

Cryptandra myriantha Diels (RD6319)

Obbens, Davis & Sage: Vegetation of Jingaring Reserve

61

Cryptandra pungens Steud (RD6320)

Stenanthemum intricatum Rye (FO36/99)

Dilleniaceae

Hibbertia exasperata (Steud) Briq (RD6531)

Hibbertia hypericoides (DC) Benth (RD6526)

Violaceae

Hybanthus floribundus (Lindl) F Muell subsp

floribundus  (FO42/99)

Thymelaeaceae

Pimelea argentea R Br (RD6445)

Pimelea imbricata var piligera (Benth) Diels (LWS1284)

Myrtaceae

Baeckea crispiflora F Muell (LWS1361)

Baeckea preissiana (Schauer) Domin (LWS1360)

Beaufortia bracteosa Diels (RD6335)

Calothamnus brevifolius Hawkeswood (RD6386)

Calothamnus quadrifidus R Br (RD6373)

Calytrix acutifolia (Lindl) Craven (RD6390)

Calytrix leschenaultii (Schauer) Benth (RD6323)

Calytrix  sp. Jingaring (F Obbens, R Davis & LW Sage)

(LWS1332)

Eremaea pauciflora (Endl) Druce var pauciflora  (RD6387)

Eucalyptus loxophleba Benth subsp loxophleba  (LWS1348)

Eucalyptus rudis Endl (FO14/99)

Eucalyptus wandoo Blakely subsp wandoo  (RD6326)

Kunzea micromera Schauer (RD6442)

Leptospermum  aff nitens (LWS1319)

Leptospermum erubescens Schauer (RD6534)

Melaleuca carrii Craven ms (LWS1362)

Melaleuca subtrigona Schauer (LWS1331)

Scholtzia  sp (FO241/99)

Verticordia acerosa var preissii (Schauer) AS George

(RD6374)

Verticordia brachypoda Turcz (LWS1263)

Verticordia chrysantha Endl (LWS1341)

Verticordia densiflora Lindl (FO332/98)

Verticordia eriocephala AS George (LWS1343)

Verticordia fimbrilepis Turcz subsp fimbrilepis  (GD113)

Verticordia grandiflora Endl (LWS1268)

Verticordia picta Endl (RD6437)

Verticordia  sp (LWS1342)

Haloragaceae

Glischrocaryon aureum var angustifolium (Nees) Orchard

(LWS1258)

Apiaceae

Hydrocotyle callicarpa Bunge (RD6549)

Trachymene pilosa Sm (LWS1256)

Epacridaceae

Andersonia lehmanniana subsp pubescens (Sond) L Watson

(RD6331)

Astroloma compactum R Br (FO38/99)

Astroloma serratifolium (DC) Druce (FO37/99)

Leucopogon conostephioides DC (FO43/99)

Leucopogon dielsianus E Pritz (FO8/99)

Leucopogon fimbriatus Stschegl (RD6372)

Lysinema ciliatum R Br (RD6529)

Primulaceae

* Anagallis arvensis L (LWS1330)

Loganiaceae

Logania flaviflora F Muell (LWS1261)

Logania tortuosa DA Herb (LWS1301)

Lamiaceae

Hemiandra incana Bartl (RD6317)

Microcorys  sp stellate (A Strid 21885) (LWS1267)

Scrophulariaceae

* Parentucellia latifolia (L) Caruel (RD6555)

Rubiaceae

Opercularia spermacocea Juss (RD6371)

Opercularia vaginata Juss (LWS1255)

Goodeniaceae

Anthotium odontophyllum Sage (LWS1335)

Dampiera juncea Benth (RD6444)

Dampiera lavandulacea Lindl (RD6453)

Dampiera lindleyi de Vriese (LWS1299)

Dampiera sacculata Benth (RD6443)

Goodenia berardiana (Gaudich) Carolin (FO316/99)

Goodenia caerulea R Br (LWS1337)

Goodenia glareicola Carolin (FO333/99)

Goodenia helmsii (E Pritz) Carolin (LWS1369)

Goodenia pulchella Benth (LWS1372)

Verreauxia reinwardtii (de Vriese) Benth (LWS1368)

Stylidiaceae

Levenhookia pusilla R Br (RD6547)

Levenhookia stipitata (Sond) F Muell (LWS1312)

Stylidium dichotomum DC (LWS1323)

Stylidium leptophyllum DC (LWS1265)

Stylidium luteum subsp clavatum Carlquist (LWS1264)

Stylidium piliferum R Br subsp piliferum  (LWS1380)

Stylidium repens R Br (LWS1324)

Asteraceae

* Arctotheca calendula (L) Levyns (RD6542)

Argentipallium niveum (Steetz) Paul G Wilson (LWS1294)

Blennospora drummondii A Gray (RD6541)

Brachyscome pusilla Steetz (RD6551)

Ceratogyne obionoides Turcz (RD6548)

Cotula coronopifolia L (LWS1298)

Gnephosis tenuissima Cass (LWS1257)

Helichrysum leucopsideum DC (LWS1252)

* Hypochaeris glabra L (LWS1377)

Lagenophora huegelii Benth (FO158/99)

Lawrencella rosea Lindl (RD6449)

Millotia tenuifolia Cass var tenuifolia  (RD6545)

Olearia rudis (Benth) Benth (RD6552)

* Osteospermum clandestinum (Less) Norl (FO237/99)

Podolepis capillaris (Steetz) Diels (LWS1297)

Podolepis lessonii (Cass) Benth (RD6558)

Podotheca angustifolia (Labill) Less (RD6544)

Pterochaeta paniculata Steetz (LWS1305)

Rhodanthe manglesii Lindl (RD6559)

* Sonchus oleraceus L (LWS1290)

* Ursinia anthemoides (L) Poir (RD6546)

Waitzia acuminata Steetz var acuminata  (LWS1353)

Kataloq: publications -> Journal
publications -> Клиники невролоэийа
publications -> Dövlət Satınalmaları
Journal -> Lincoln laboratory journal
Journal -> Variation in seed production and germination in 22 rare and threatened Western Australian Verticordia (Myrtaceae)
Journal -> Plants of Western Australian granite outcrops
Journal -> Vegetation and flora of a diverse upland remnant of the Western Australian wheatbelt
Journal -> Flora and vegetation of the Eastern Goldfields Ranges: Part Mt Manning Range
Journal -> Flora and vegetation of the Eastern Goldfields Ranges: Part Middle and South Ironcap, Digger Rock and Hatter Hill
Journal -> Flora and Vegetation of the Eastern Goldfields Ranges: Part Bremer Range