Key Threatening Process Nomination Form For adding a threatening process under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (epbc act)

(a) Species of conservation concern are those that have been listed nationally as being endangered, vulnerable, rare or poorly known and may occur in more than one growth area.
(b) The geographical extent of growth areas was based on boundaries used to agglomerate information on biodiversity distribution at the State and national levels. Agglomerations of biodiversity regions were selected that included the city itself, satellite towns and the hinterland and adjacent agricultural regions over which the population disperses, travels, builds roads, dams and holiday homes.
Source: Australians and the Environment (Cat. No. 4601.0 p 339). (http://www.abs.gov.au/Websitedbs/c311215.nsf/20564c23f3183fdaca25672100813ef1/bc7dc08a640751f8ca2569e70003c7f6!OpenDocument)
In Victoria there are 815 species of plants under threat (more than 10 percent of these in Melbourne) and 30 species of birds (more than half of these in Melbourne). The figures are not insignificant.
The following table looks at the causes of extinction and past and present threats to endangered plant species.

	No. of species presumed extinct	Number of endangered species
Threat	Presumed cause	Past threat	Present & future threat
Low numbers		10	85
Roadworks	1	8	57
Weed competition	4	12	57
Grazing	34	51	55
Agriculture	44	112	50
Industrial & urban development	3	20	21
Fire frequency		10	17
Collecting		6	17
Mining	1	3	11
Forestry		10	10
Recreation			7
Dieback			7
Clearing		2	5
Railway maintenance		2	4
Salinity			4
Insect attack			3
Quarrying			3
Trampling by pigs & buffalo		1	3
Changes in hydrostatic pressure in artesian basin		1
Drainage		1	2
Flooding		4	2
Other			2
Rubbish dumping			2
Vehicle damage		1	2
Erosion	1		1
Habitat degradation			1
Rock falls			1
Visitation			1
None identified	1	5
		12	6

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