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Name of presentation
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tarix | 02.01.2022 | ölçüsü | 330,2 Kb. | | #40775 |
| Etymology
Lecture 3 The plan of the lecture - 1) Conditions and reasons of borrowing
- 2) The adaptation of borrowed words
- 3) International words
- 4) Etymological doublets and triplets
- 5) Translation-loans and their stylistic characteristics
Conditions of borrowings - -to fill the gap in the vocabulary
E.G “butter’’, “plum” (Latin w/) - - to add a shade of meaning
E.G “desire ’’, “adore ” (French w/) Adaptation of a borrowed word - The phonetic area
(regime, café, ballet (Fr.b) - The grammatical area
(datum-data, phenomenon-phenomena, datum-data Lat.b) The semantic area (large-wide, gay- noble, bright, multi-colored) Three areas International words (- philosophy, mathematics, physics and etc., music, theatre, drama, tragedy, comedy) - English origin (- football, cricket, golf, rugby and all kinds of sport)
- Russian origin (- sputnik, dacha, kolkhoz )
are the words, borrowed by several languages at once due to their cultural or scientific importance Etymological doublets Etymological doublets - Shirt (a nat. w) - skirt (Scand.bor)
- Canal (Lat.) – channel (Fr.)
- Captain (Lat.) – chieftain (Fr)
- Hospital (Lat.) – hostel (Norm.Fr.) - hotel (Par.Fr.)
- To capture (Lat.) – to catch (N/Fr) – to chase (Par.fr.)
Etymological triplets Translation-loans E.g. - Masterpiece (from Meisterstuck)
- Wonder child (Wunderkind)
- First dancer (from prima-ballerina)
- Collective farm (from колхоз)
E.g. Compare: - Motherly love – maternal leave
- Fatherly support – paternal hierarchy
- Childish charm- infantile diseases
- Handy – manual
- Sunny weather-solar system
- Toothy grin- dental care
- Nosy man – nasal sound
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