Name: To’lqin Surname: Sharifov Group: smm-50 Self study №15 Task 1

Name: To’lqin
Surname: Sharifov
Group: SMM-50

Self study №15
Task 1.
The bond market—often called the debt market, fixed-income market, or credit market—is the collective name given to all trades and issues of debt securities. Governments typically issue bonds in order to raise capital to pay down debts or fund infrastructural improvements.
Publicly traded companies issue bonds when they need to finance business expansion projects or maintain ongoing operations.

• 
  The bond market broadly describes a marketplace where investors buy debt securities that are brought to the market by either governmental entities or corporations.
  
• 
  National governments generally use the proceeds from bonds to finance infrastructural improvements and pay down debts.
  
• 
  Companies issue bonds to raise the capital needed to maintain operations, grow their product lines, or open new locations.
  
• 
  Bonds are either issued on the primary market, which rolls out new debt, or traded on the secondary market, in which investors may purchase existing debt via brokers or other third parties.
  
• 
  Bonds tend to be less volatile and more conservative than stock investments, but they also have lower expected returns.
  

Task 2.

1. 
   essential/crucial/vital/important – muhim
   

Imagination is more important than knowledge.

2. 
   eye contact – ko’z bilan aloqa qilmoq
   

The first rule is to make eye contact with your interviewer.

3. 
   final decision – oxirgi qaror
   

Brown will make the final decision on that choice.

4. 
   for-profit business – foyda keltiradigan biznes
   

My uncle has already started to do for-profit business.

5. 
   fringe benefits – qo’shimcha foyda
   

One of the fringe benefits is free meals.

6. 
   from scratch - boshidan
   

Ben built the shed from scratch.

7. 
   group discussion – guruh muhokamasi
   

Learning theory knowledge by group discussion and explaination.

8. 
   human resources/staff/personnel – kadrlar bo’limi
   

All the hospital staff were wonderfully supportive.


Task 3.

1. 
   medium of exchange, a unit of accounting, a store of value
   
2. 
   bills, coins, checks
   
3. 
   shells, gold, goods
   
4. 
   considered
   
5. 
   durable
   
6. 
   major
   
7. 
   item
   
8. 
   criteria
   
9. 
   paper
   
10. 
    commodity
    
11. 
    representative
    
12. 
    paper
    
13. 
    silver and gold certificates
    
14. 
    bank notes
    

Task 4.

1. 
   have
   
2. 
   have
   
3. 
   reach
   
4. 
   carry
   
5. 
   make
   
6. 
   go
   
7. 
   put
   
8. 
   express
   
9. 
   make
   
10. 
    avoid