The information given for each of the species in this section is a summary of know
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Publication: Bulletin de la classe physico-mathématique de l’Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint-Pétersbourg 10: 343 (1852)
reference to the leaf orientation Description:
0.8–6 m tall; bark paperyfibrous.
glabrescent, pubescent or lanuginose. Leaves decussate, peltate, 4.3–12.5 mm long, 1.4–3.8 mm wide, 2–9 times as long as wide, sessile; blade glabrescent to hairy, lanuginosepubescent, pubescent or lanuginose, sometimes also with sericeous hairs, narrowly ovate, ovate or narrowly elliptic, in transverse section lunate, shallowly lunate or transversely semielliptic, the base attenuate or truncate, the apex narrowly acute to very narrowly acute, the veins longitudinal, 5–7,
obscure to distinct, more or less in rows.
spicate, lateral (usually below the leaves) and rarely also interstitial in that a leafy axis may be distal to the inflorescence, with 8–50 mon ads, up to 15 mm wide.
hairy (sometimes very sparsely so), 1.2–1.5 mm long.
abaxially glabrous, usually costate, 0.8–1.1 mm long, scarious in a broad marginal band 0.1–0.2 mm wide. Petals usually
caducous, 1.7–2.1 mm long. Stamens 10–16 per bundle; filaments white, cream or rarely pale pink, 2.7–6.8 mm long, the bundle claw 1.8–3.8 mm long, 0.5–0.7 times as long as the filaments.
5.5–9.3 mm long. Ovules 7–13
per locule. Fruit 2–3.3 mm long, the calyx lobes abaxi ally usually weathering away, rarely replaced by poorly developed sepaline teeth or the lobes persistent; cotyledons obvolute.
Kalbarri district south and east to the Ongerup and Mt Holland districts.
open eucalypt woodland, tall open eucalypt forest, mallee, sparse tall shrubland, clay depression, on brown sandy soil, sandy loam with laterite, stony slopes, and red loam. Flowering time: Recorded as flowering from July to January.
Essential oils: The leaf oil of this species contained mainly monoterpenes. The principal components were 1,8cineole (28–39%), bpinene (18–20%), apinene (6–8%), limonene (7–9%) and aterpineol (7–8%). The main sesquiterpenes were a, b and geudesmol (each 2–5%) and globulol (1–3%). Oil yield: The oil yield (fresh weight, w/w) was 0.2–0.5%. Melaleuca adnata Turcz.
71 7. Species ac counts —
a ag athosmoide s Publication: Hooker’s icones plantarum, ser. 5, 4: t. 3381 (1939)
Derivation: agathosmoides, from Agathosma, a genus of Rutaceae, and the Greek oides, resembling, in reference to a perceived resemblance to species of Agathosma Description:
0.5–1.5 m tall; bark fibrous.
glabrous. Leaves decussate, peltate, 2–3 mm long, 1–1.8 mm wide, 1.4–2 times as long as wide, sessile; blade glabrescent (hairs present as marginal cilia only), obovate, elliptic or oblong, in transverse section lunate or broadly vshaped, the base truncate to cordate, the apex rounded or broadly acute, the veins longitudinal, 5,
sparse, distinct, scattered. Inflorescences lateral
(produced on old wood, the flowers often in lines), with 1–20 monads. Hypanthium glabrous, 1.8–2.5 mm long. Calyx lobes abaxially glabrous, costate, 1.5–2 mm long, scarious in a marginal band 1–2 mm wide.
decidu
ous, 3.0–4.5 mm long. Stamens 12–19 per bundle; filaments white or greenishwhite, 3.2–6.0 mm long, the bundle claw 2.5–5.0 mm long. Style 6.0–7.6 mm long. Ovules 20–30 per locule. Fruit 3.5–4.5 mm long, with sepaline teeth; cotyledons planoconvex.
King district. Ecology: Recorded as occurring in Melaleuca shrub land, regenerating mallee with shrub understorey, on brown stony clay soil, red clay, and welldrained loamy clay.
Flowering time: Recorded as flowering from July to November. Essential oils: This species produced a mainly monoterpenoid oil, though no compound predominated. The principal monoterpenes encountered were apinene (14.3%), bpinene (8.0%), pinocarvone (4.0%), trans pinocarveol (10.7%), verbenone (8.3%) and an unknown oxygenated monoterpene, molecular weight 148. The main sesquiterpenes encountered were spathulenol (7.8%), globulol (7.5%) and ledol (2.2%). Oil yield: The oil yield (fresh weight, w/w) was 0.3%. Notes: This species has novelty interest as its flowers seemingly erupt from the branchlets and branches but the flowers unfortunately are not as attractive as they are in the pink to purpleflowered M. suberosa, another species in which the flowers are inserted on the branches. Melaleuca agathosmoides C.A.Gardner 72 Melaleuc a alsophila — 7 . Species ac counts
Publication: Flora Australiensis 3: 137 (1867) Derivation: alsophila, from the Greek, alsos, grove, and philos, loving, in reference to the common occurrence of this species in groves Synonym: Melaleuca acacioides subsp. alsophila (A.Cunn. ex Benth.) Barlow Description: Tree or shrub 3–15 m tall; bark papery, white, pale grey or brownishwhite.
glabrescent to sericeous.
alternate, 25–85 mm long, 5–11 mm wide, 3.5–10.5 times as long as wide, shortpetiolate; blade glabrescent to sericeous with many lanuginulose hairs, narrowly elliptic or narrowly obovate, in transverse section transversely linear, the base attenuate, the apex obtuse, rounded, acute, narrowly acute or acuminate, the veins longitudinal, 5–7, oil glands dense to sparse, usu ally obscure, scattered.
capitate, usually lateral or sometimes pseudoterminal or rarely interstitial, with 2–15 dyads, 12–15 mm wide. Hypanthium hairy,
1.2–1.6 mm long. Calyx lobes abaxially glabrous or hairy, 0.8–1 mm long, scarious in a marginal band 0.2–0.3 mm wide.
Petals caducous, 1.8–2.3 mm long. Stamens 9–16 per bundle; filaments white to cream (rarely recorded as red dish), 3.4–6.8 mm long, the bundle claw 2–3.1 mm long, 0.3–0.5 times as long as the filaments.
6.7–8 mm long.
6–9 per locule. Fruit 1.5–2.3 mm long, the calyx lobes abaxially persistent or deciduous; cotyledons obvolute. Natural occurrence: Western Australia, Northern Territory: the Kimberley region of Western Australia and the adjacent region of the Northern Territory, and the northern coastal region of the Great Sandy Desert region of Western Australia.
edges of saltmarsh behind mangrove, vine thicket behind coastal dune, lowlying woodland, sandy creek beds, on silty soil, white clay, red sand, black alluvial soil, and rocky slopes.
December. Essential oils: This species appeared to exist in several chemical forms, in which apinene/1,8cineole or pcymene/terpinen4ol were prominent. The pinene/ cineole form (GJM 1764) contained apinene (8–66%) or 1,8cineole (15–66%) as principal component, with lesser amounts of transpinocarveol (1–17%) as the next most abundant component. No other component was more than 1%. The pcymene/terpinen4ol form (BVG 2354) con tained pcymene (21–44%), terpinen4ol (15–28%) and geranial (12–19%) as principal components, with lesser amounts of apinene (2–4%) and limonene (1–3%). Another collection (JB 156, from Derby) contained 1,8cineole (30–44%) and terpinen4ol (15–28%) as prin cipal components. Oil yield: The oil yields (fresh weight, w/w) were 0.1% (GJM 1764), 1.0–1.2% (BVG 2354) and 0.1–0.3% (JB 156). References on essential oils: Brophy et al. 1987; Brophy 1999 Notes: As with M. acacioides, this species may have potential for shelter belts or specimen plantings in regions with saline soils and a monsoonal tropical climate. There may be potential for cultivation of the chemical variety containing terpinen4ol/geranial, although a market would have to be found for this oil type and the yields would have to be improved. ALREADY SCALED TO 150%
A.Cunn. ex Benth. 73 7. Species ac counts —
a alt ernif olia Publication: Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 58: 195 (1924)
alternifolia, from the Latin alternus, alter nate, folium, leaf, in reference to the leaf arrangement
2.5–14 m tall; bark papery, peeling in long flakes, reddishbrown. Branchlets glabres
cent, lanuginulose or lanuginosepubescent. Leaves usually
alternate (sometimes alternate and ternate or rarely alter nate and decussate), 10–32 mm long, 0.4–1 mm wide, 20–40 times as long as wide, shortpetiolate to subsessile; blade glabrescent, lanuginulose or lanuginosepubescent, linear, in transverse section shallowly lunate, lunate or transversely semielliptic, the base attenuate, the apex narrowly acute, the veins apparently longitudinal, 3,
dense or moderately dense, distinct to obscure, scattered to more or less in rows.
spicate, pseudoterminal and often also upper axillary, rarely approaching interstitial, with 6–24 monads, up to 25 mm wide.
glabrous or sometimes hairy, 1.7–2 mm long.
abaxially glabrous, 1.1–1.3 mm long, scarious in a marginal band 0.1–0.2 mm wide.
deciduous, 2.3–2.7 mm long. Stamens 33–41 per bundle; filaments white, 13–14 mm long, the bundle claw 8.6–10.5 mm long, 0.7–0.8 times as long as the filaments.
c. 3.8 mm long. Ovules c. 85 per locule. Fruit 2.8–4 mm long, the calyx lobes abaxially persistent or replaced by sepaline teeth; cotyledons obvolute.
Queensland, New South Wales: from the Stanthorpe district in Queensland south and east into New South Wales to the Lismore and Grafton areas, with disjunct populations near Port Macquarie. Range in elevation is from near sea level to 800 m. Ecology: Recorded as occurring on coastal plains and adjacent ranges where it grows on seasonally inundated swamps and along watercourses, on mainly alluvial silty loams, and sandy loams derived from granite.
February. Essential oils: This species was reported by Homer et al. (2000) to contain six chemotypes and, while statistics do show this, principally there were three main chemi cal forms. The main commercial chemotype contained terpinen4ol (30–40%, with some provenances going up to 50%). This was accompanied by significant amounts of aterpinene and gterpinene. Chemotype II contained 1,8cineole (25–90%) and associated monoterpenes. Chemotype III contained terpinolene (40–55%) as its principal component.
The oil yield (fresh weight, w/w) was 3–6%, though the terpinolene chemotype (chemotype III) was lower (4–5%). References on essential oils: Southwell et al. 1992; Southwell 1999 and references therein; Homer et al. 2000 Notes: Selected forms of M. alternifolia are used as a source of tea tree oil and this is discussed separately (see Chapter 3). The species is also suitable for use as an orna mental and is probably more reliable in damp soils than the closely related M. linariifolia. Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden & Betche) Cheel 74 Melaleuc a am ydr a — 7 . Species ac counts
Publication: in Craven & Lepschi, Australian System- atic Botany 12: 859 (1999)
amydra, from the Greek amydros, indistinct, unclear, in reference to the similarity of this species to M. seriata and M. ryeae Description: Shrub 0.3–2.5 m tall; bark fibrous. Branchlets glabrescent, pubescent to lanuginosepubescent or lanuginose to lanuginulose.
alternate, (2.8–)3.5– 6(–7.6) mm long, (1.3–)1.5–2(–2.7) mm wide, (1.5–)2–2.8(–4.8) times as long as wide, subsessile or rarely shortpetiolate; blade glabrescent, lanuginosepubescent to pubescent, or sometimes lanuginose, elliptic to narrowly elliptic or rarely narrowly obovate, in transverse section transversely linear, sublunate or lunate, the base narrowly cuneate or rarely cuneate or attenuate, the apex obtuse to rounded or rarely acute, the veins longitudinal, 3, oil glands moderately dense, distinct to obscure, in rows (sometimes more or less so) or scattered.
capitate, pseudoterminal and sometimes also upper axillary, with 7–20 monads, up to 20 mm wide.
hairy, 1.5–2 mm long. Calyx lobes abaxially glabrous or hairy, 0.5–1.8 mm long, scarious in a marginal band 0.25–0.9 mm wide or scarious throughout. Petals deciduous, 1.5–3 mm long. Stamens 5–10 per bun dle; filaments pink or mauve to purple, 7–10 mm long, the bundle claw 2.5–4 mm long, 0.3–0.5 times as long as the filaments.
8.5–10.5 mm long. Ovules 10–15 per loc ule.
pegfruited or sometimes approaching globose.
3–3.5 mm long, often with very weakly developed sepaline teeth; cotyledons obvolute.
Arrowsmith River district south to the Dandaragan– Moora district.
Recorded as occurring in open heath, sand plain, heath on marshy flat, low closed forest, shrubland, a flood plain, on sand over lateritic gravel and clay, peaty sand, and loam.
ber to November. Essential oils: The leaf oil of this species was domi nated by monoterpenes. The principal component was 1,8cineole (55.2%) and there were lesser amounts of apinene (11.7%), bpinene (2.0%), limonene (1.8%), lin alool (1.2%) and aterpineol (4.0%). Sesquiterpenes did not contribute much to the oil. Their major components were spathulenol (7.8%), bicyclogermacrene, globulol and acadinol (all 0.5–1.0%). Oil yield: The oil yield (fresh weight, w/w) was 0.2%. Melaleuca amydra Craven
75 7. Species ac counts —
a apodoc ephala Publication: Bulletin de la classe physico-mathématique de l’Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint-Pétersbourg 10: 340 (1852)
apodus, sessile, and cephalus, headed, in reference to the sessile inflorescence
0.2–4 m tall. Branchlets soon
glabrescent (the lanuginulose hairs ephemeral). Leaves alternate, 4–11.5 mm long, 0.7–1.7 mm wide, 5–12 times as long as wide, subsessile to shortpetiolate; blade soon glabrescent (the lanuginulosepuberulous to lanuginulose hairs ephemeral), linear, linearobovate, linearovate, very narrowly obovate or very narrowly ovate, in transverse section transversely narrowly elliptic, transversely elliptic, subcircular or flattened transversely semielliptic, the base broadly attenuate or narrowly cuneate, the apex obtusely shortly acuminate, acuminate, narrowly acute, acute or rounded, the veins longitudi nal, 3,
oil glands sparse, obscure, more or less in rows. Inflorescences capitate, lateral or pseudoterminal and then approaching interstitial, with 1–15 monads, up to 12 mm wide. Hypanthium glabrescent, 1–2 mm long. Calyx lobes abaxially glabrescent or glabrous, 0.6– 1.2 mm long, herbaceous to (or almost to) the margin.
deciduous, 1.2–2.3 mm long. Stamens 6–13 per bundle; filaments white or creamywhite, 1.5–5.5 mm long, the bundle claw 0.2–0.3 mm long, 0.1–0.4 times as long as the filaments.
4–6 mm long. Ovules 15–40 per loc ule.
3–5.5 mm long, with sepaline teeth; cotyledons subobvolute (almost planoconvex).
Stirling Range east to the Truslove district. Ecology: Recorded as occurring in low open heath, dense low heath in open shrub mallee, on sand, and damp sandy loam.
to December. Essential oils: This species produced a leaf oil that contained significant amounts of both mono and ses quiterpenes. The principal monoterpenes were apinene (14.8%), bpinene (15.0%), limonene (8.6%) and aterpi neol (2.8%). The major sesquiterpenes detected were spathulenol (13.0%), globulol (10.3%), bicyclogermacrene (2.6%), cubeban11ol (2.7%), bcaryophyllene (1.9%), viridiflorene (1.0%) and viridiflorol (3.1%). Oil yield: The oil yield (fresh weight, w/w) was 0.1%. Melaleuca apodocephala Turcz.
76 Melaleuc a apos tiba — 7 . Species ac counts
Publication: in Cowley, Quinn, Barlow & Craven, Australian Systematic Botany 3: 182, fig. 7c (1990) Derivation: apostiba, from the Greek apostibes, off the road, solitary, in reference to the isolated locality of the type collection, the only collection then known
to 2 m tall; bark fibrous, grey. Branchlets hairy, with both lanuginulose and subsericeous hairs.
alternate, 6.5–11 mm long, 1.3–1.7 mm wide, 5–7 times as long as wide, shortpetiolate to subsessile; blade glabrescent, with both lanuginulose and subseri ceous hairs, narrowly obovate or narrowly elliptic, in transverse section transversely narrowly oblong or sub lunate, the base attenuate, the apex acute or acuminate, the veins longitudinal, 3, Kataloq: files files -> Информация по результатам плановой проверки, проведенной комитетом здравоохранения Курской области files -> Penitensiar sistemdə Vərəmə nəzarət üzrə TƏLİmat Yüklə 26,42 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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