Publication:
in Craven & Lepschi, Australian Systematic
Botany 12: 866 (1999)
Derivation:
campanae, in honour of Barbara and Donald
(Don) Bellairs, of Kalbarri, Western Australia—campanae
is a noun in apposition derived from the Latin campana,
bell, as the family name Bellairs is considered by some to
pertain to bellhouse
Description:
Shrub
0.3–1.5 m tall.
Branchlets
gla
brescent, sericeous.
Leaves
alternate, 12–57 mm
long, 4–9.5 mm wide, 2.5–8 times as long as wide,
shortpetiolate; blade at length glabrescent, sericeous,
narrowly obovate, very narrowly obovate, linearelliptic,
narrowly elliptic or elliptic, in transverse section trans
versely linear, the base attenuate, the apex acuminate,
obtusely shortly acuminate or obtuse to rounded, the
veins longitudinal, 5 or rarely 7,
oil glands
moder
ately dense to dense, obscure to distinct, scattered.
Inflorescences
capitate or shortly spicate, pseudotermi
nal and sometimes also upper axillary, with 5–12 triads,
up to 27 mm wide.
Hypanthium
hairy, 1.5–2 mm long.
Calyx lobes
abaxially hairy, 0.5–1 mm long, scarious in a
marginal band 0.2–0.4 mm wide or scarious throughout.
Petals
caducous, 1.8–2.3 mm long.
Stamens
7–11 per
bundle; filaments pink or mauve (rapidly fading to white),
8.5–13.5 mm long, the bundle claw 1.9–5.7 mm long,
0.2–0.5 times as long as the filaments.
Style
10.5–15 mm
long.
Ovules
5–15 per locule.
Infructescences
globose.
Fruit
2.5–3 mm long, the calyx lobes weathering away or
replaced by weakly developed sepaline teeth; cotyledons
obvolute.
Natural occurrence:
Western Australia: the
Kalbarri–Geraldton district.
Ecology:
Recorded as occurring in dense low shrubland,
coastal sand plain, on lateritic soil, limestone, and exposed
sandstone bluffs.
Flowering time:
Recorded as flowering from August
to January.
Essential oils:
The leaf oil of this species was
monoterpenoid in nature. The principal monoterpene
was 1,8cineole (34.3%) and this was accompanied by
lesser amounts of apinene (4.2%), bpinene (8.2%),
limonene (1.4%), linalool (2.8%) and aterpineol (4.7%).
The principal sesquiterpenes encountered in the oil were
globulol (6.0%), spathulenol (9.1%), viridiflorol (3.2%) and
bicyclogermacrene (3.1%).
Oil yield:
The oil yield (fresh weight, w/w) was <0.1%.
Melaleuca
campanae
Craven
111
7. Species ac
counts
—
Melaleuc
a c
ampt
oclada
Publication:
in Cowley, Quinn, Barlow & Craven,
Australian Systematic Botany 3: 199, fig. 14c (1990)
Derivation:
camptoclada, from the Greek kampto, bend,
curve, and klados, branch, stem, in reference to the habit
of this species
Description:
Shrub
1.5–3 m tall.
Branchlets
glabrous to
glabrescent, sparsely puberulous when hairy.
Leaves
alter
nate (sometimes in part subternate), 2.9–5.5 mm long,
1.5–1.8 mm wide, 2–4 times as long as wide, subsessile;
blade glabrous to glabrescent, sparsely puberulous when
hairy, narrowly elliptic, elliptic or narrowly suboblong
elliptic, in transverse section lunate or transversely linear,
the base cuneate to rounded, the apex acute to rounded,
the veins longitudinal, 3,
oil glands
moderately dense,
distinct, scattered.
Inflorescences
spicate or capitate,
lateral on secondary shoots and then pseudoterminal
or interstitial, with 5–15 monads, up to 16 mm wide.
Hypanthium
glabrous, 1–1.5 mm long.
Calyx lobes
abaxi
ally glabrous, 0.5–0.8 mm long, scarious in a marginal
band c. 0.1 mm wide.
Petals
deciduous, 1.5–2.4 mm long.
Stamens
9–16 per bundle; filaments mauve, 5.1–6.5 mm
long, the bundle claw 2.2–3.5 mm long, 0.5–0.6 times as
long as the filaments.
Style
c. 8 mm long.
Ovules
30–40 per
locule.
Fruit
2.5–3.5 mm long, with sepaline teeth; cotyle
dons planoconvex.
Natural occurrence:
Western Australia: from the
Stirling Range south to the Mount Barker district.
Ecology:
Recorded as occurring in tall eucalypt wood
land, on clay loam, and gravelly sandy loam.
Flowering time:
Recorded as flowering from Septem
ber to November.
Essential oils:
This species gave a strongly monoterpe
noid leaf oil. The principal components were 1,8cineole
(59.6%) and apinene (23.5%). Also present were lesser
amounts of bpinene (2.1%), myrcene (1.8%) and limonene
(6.7%). The major sesquiterpenes encountered were glob
ulol (0.9%), viridiflorol (0.4%) and spathulenol (0.3%),
though sesquiterpenes, in total, accounted for less than
5% of the oil.
Oil yield:
The oil yield (fresh weight, w/w) was 0.6%.
Melaleuca
camptoclada
F.C.Quinn
112
Melaleuc
a c
apit
at
a
—
7
. Species ac
counts
Publication:
Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Soci-
ety of New South Wales 58: 194 (1924)
Derivation:
capitata, from the Latin, caput, head, in
reference to the shape of the inflorescence
Description:
Shrub
0.8–2.5 m tall.
Branchlets
glabres
cent, sericeous to pubescent.
Leaves
alternate, 10–25 mm
long, 1–3 mm wide, 6–20 times as long as wide, short
petiolate; blade glabrescent, sericeous to pubescent, very
narrowly elliptic to linearelliptic, in transverse sec
tion transversely linear, the base narrowly cuneate, the
apex narrowly acute to acute, the veins longitudinal, 3,
oil glands
moderately dense, obscure, scattered or in rows.
Inflorescences
capitate or shortly spicate, pseudoterminal,
with 3–15 monads, up to 35 mm wide.
Hypanthium
hairy,
4–5 mm long.
Calyx lobes
abaxially hairy, 1.4–2.3 mm long,
herbaceous to the margin.
Petals
deciduous, 3–3.5 mm
long.
Stamens
14–33 per bundle; filaments cream or rarely
yellow, 6–10 mm long, the bundle claw 1.2–2(–3) mm long,
0.2–0.3 times as long as the filaments.
Style
10–14.5 mm
long.
Ovules
90–120 per locule.
Fruit
5–7 mm long, the
calyx lobes deciduous (sometimes the extreme basal por
tion of the lobes may become woody and persist as a more
or less prominent ring around the aperture); cotyledons
obvolute.
Natural occurrence:
New South Wales: from the
Bundanoon district south to the Braidwood district.
Ecology:
Recorded as occurring in low eucalypt wood
land, heathland, open eucalypt forest, on sandy loam, sand,
and skeletal soil on sandstone.
Flowering time:
Recorded as flowering from October
to December.
Essential oils:
The leaf oil of this species was domi
nated by apinene (77–83%). There were lesser amounts of
the monoterpenes limonene (1–2%), linalool (0.4–2.0%),
aterpineol (2–4%), geranyl acetate (0.6–2.0%) and geran
iol (0.5–2.0%). Sesquiterpenes did not contribute much to
the oil. The principal members were globulol (0.5–1.0%),
spathulenol (1–2%) and a, b and geudesmol (each
0.1–0.4%).
Oil yield:
The oil yield (fresh weight, w/w) was <0.1%.
Notes:
This species has potential as an ornamental shrub
in temperate climates in Australia.
Melaleuca
capitata
Cheel
113
7. Species ac
counts
—
Melaleuc
a c
ar
dioph
ylla
Publication:
Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae 1: 225
(1859)
Derivation:
cardiophylla, from the Greek cardio, heart,
and phyllus, leaved, in reference to the shape of the leaf
blade
Description:
Shrub
0.2–3.5 m tall.
Branchlets
hairy or
glabrous (when present, the hairs puberulous, velutinu
lous or lanuginulose, sometimes also with much longer
lanuginose to pubescent hairs).
Leaves
alternate, peltate
(sometimes indistinctly so), 2–8.5 mm long, 1.75–6.5 mm
wide, 1.1–1.8 times as long as wide, sessile; blade hairy to
glabrescent, velutinulous to lanuginulose and sometimes
also with pubescent to lanuginose hairs on the proxi
mal central region, ovate, broadly ovate, subcircular or
broadly elliptic, in transverse section transversely linear
or strongly sublunate, the base cuneate to truncate, the
apex acuminate or acute, the veins longitudinal, c. 12–20,
oil glands
moderately dense, distinct to obscure, more
or less in rows.
Inflorescences
capitate, lateral and rarely
with a distal leafy axis, with 1–5 monads, up to 25 mm
wide.
Hypanthium
glabrous or hairy, 2.7–3.5 mm long.
Calyx lobes
abaxially glabrous or hairy; costate, 1.5–
2.2 mm long, scarious in a marginal band 0.3–0.4 mm wide.
Petals
deciduous, 3.5–4.4 mm long.
Stamens
c. 40–80 per
bundle; filaments white or cream, 6.5–8.5 mm long, the
bundle claw 5–6.5 mm long, 0.8–0.9 times as long as the
filaments.
Style
4.5–5.5 mm long.
Ovules
40–65 per locule.
Fruit
5–7 mm long, with sepaline teeth; cotyledons obvolute.
Natural occurrence:
Western Australia: from the
Exmouth district south to the Perth district.
Ecology:
Recorded as occurring in coastal heath, mal
lee–spinifex community, scrubland, on limestone ridges,
sand, clay depression in limestone soil, and salt pans.
Flowering time:
Recorded as flowering from August
to January.
Essential oils:
The leaf oil of this species was com
posed of a mixture of mono and sesquiterpenes, with
monoterpenes predominating. The major monoterpenes
were apinene (3–9%), bpinene (10–17%), limonene
(2–6%), pcymene (2–3%), Ebocimene (1–4%), myrcene
(1–3%), terpinen4ol (1–2%) and aterpineol (1–2%).
The principal sesquiterpenes were globulol (8–10%),
viridiflorol (4–6%) and spathulenol (3–7%), with lesser
amounts of aromadendrene (0.4–2%), alloaromadendrene
(1–2%), viridiflorene (2–4%), bicyclogermacrene (1–4%),
dcadinene (1–2%), cubeban11ol (3–6%) and acadinol
(1–3%).
Oil yield:
The oil yield (dry weight, w/w) was <0.2%.
Reference on essential oils:
Brophy and Doran 1996
Melaleuca
cardiophylla
F.Muell.
114
Melaleuc
a c
arrii
—
7
. Species ac
counts
Publication:
in Craven & Lepschi, Australian Systematic
Botany 12: 867 (1999)
Derivation:
carrii, in honour of Denis John Carr
(1915–2008), a developmental biologist and taxonomist
at the Australian National University, Canberra, who took
a special interest in the anatomy and development of Euca-
lyptus, another genus of Myrtaceae
Description:
Shrub
0.3–2 m tall; bark fissured, fibrous.
Branchlets
glabrescent or glabrous (when present, the
hairs pubescent grading to lanuginosepubescent to, occa
sionally, lanuginose as well).
Leaves
alternate, 6.5–27 mm
long, (0.5–)0.6–1.1(–1.6) mm wide, 6–30 times as long
as wide, sessile to subsessile; blade glabrescent or gla
brous (when present, the hairs pubescent, occasionally
approaching more or less sericeouspubescent, and often
grading to lanuginosepubescent distally), linear, linear
obovate or very narrowly obovate, in transverse section
subcircular to transversely elliptic, circular or depressed
obovate, the base truncate or parallel (blade width equals
petiole width), the apex acuminate or acute to obtuse,
the veins longitudinal, 3,
oil glands
dense or moderately
so, obscure to distinct, scattered.
Inflorescences
capitate,
pseudoterminal and sometimes also upper axillary, with
5–12 triads, up to 18 mm wide.
Hypanthium
hairy or
rarely glabrous (including the ovary), 1–1.5 mm long.
Calyx lobes
abaxially glabrescent or hairy, rarely glabrous,
0.2–0.5 mm long, herbaceous to the margin or scarious
in a marginal band 0–0.2 mm wide.
Petals
deciduous,
0.7–1.5 mm long.
Stamens
4–6 per bundle; filaments
mauve to purple, pink or magenta, 4–7.5 mm long, the
bundle claw 0.5–2.5 mm long, 0.1–0.4 times as long as the
filaments.
Style
5–7 mm long.
Ovules
c. 8–15 per locule.
Infructescences
globose.
Fruit
2–3 mm long, the calyx
lobes weathering away or replaced by weakly developed
sepaline teeth; cotyledons obvolute.
Natural occurrence:
Western Australia: from the
Eneabba – Three Springs district south to the Jerramun
gup–Esperance district.
Melaleuca
carrii
Craven
7. Species ac
counts
—
Melaleuc
a c
arrii
115
7. Species ac
counts —
Melaleuc
a c
arrii
(c
on
tinued
)
Ecology:
Recorded as occurring in heathland, open
shrubland, low mallee woodland with heath understorey,
swampy area on edge of open sedgeland, on sand over clay,
lateritic loam, and loamy clay over granite.
Flowering time:
Recorded as flowering from April to
November.
Essential oils:
The oil from this species was monoter
penoid in character, though within this type it was
variable. The principal components of the oil, from col
lection BJL 1708, were 1,8cineole (11–36%), myrtenol
(2–32%) and apinene (14–68%), with lesser amounts
of aterpineol (1–3%) and bpinene (1–4%). A second
collection, BJL 1701, contained 1,8cineole (59.6%),
apinene (8.9%), bpinene (5.7%), limonene (9.7%) and
aterpineol (3.2%) as main components. Sesquiterpenes,
in both collections, did not contribute much to the oil,
with globulol (1%) being the main component in both
collections.
Oil yield:
The oil yield in both collections (fresh weight,
w/w) was 0.7–0.8%.
Notes:
This species is widespread in southwestern Aus
tralia and was previously often confused with the typically
coastal species, M. pentagona. Melaleuca carrii has decidu
ous petals and ungrooved leaves whereas M. pentagona
has caducous petals and grooved leaves. Because of its
wide geographical range, there is potential for selecting
genotypes that would be successful for use as ornamental
shrubs in areas with a Mediterranean climate.
116
Melaleuc
a cheelii
—
7
. Species ac
counts
Publication:
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queens-
land 43: 16, t. 2 (1931)
Derivation:
cheelii, in honour of Edwin Cheel (1872–
1951), a botanist at the state herbarium in Sydney, Australia
Description:
Tree or shrub
2–10 m tall; bark papery.
Branchlets
glabrescent, lanuginulosepuberulous to
lanuginulose or puberulous.
Leaves
decussate (occa
sionally subopposite), 5–12.5 mm long, 2–6 mm wide,
2–3 times as long as wide, subsessile to shortpetiolate;
blade glabrescent, lanuginulose to sericeouslanuginulose
and usually with some sericeouspubescent to pubes
cent hairs also, elliptic, narrowly elliptic or broadly
elliptic, in transverse section transversely linear, the
base cuneate, the apex acuminate or acute, the veins
longitudinal, 3–5,
oil glands
dense, distinct to obscure,
scattered.
Inflorescences
spicate, pseudoterminal, with
2–10 monads (rarely in part are dyads present), up to
20 mm wide.
Hypanthium
hairy or glabrescent, 2–2.5 mm
long.
Calyx lobes
abaxially glabrescent, 0.8–1.5 mm long,
herbaceous to the margin or rarely scarious in a marginal
band 0–0.2 mm wide.
Petals
deciduous, 2–2.7 mm long.
Stamens
8–18 per bundle; filaments cream to white,
6.5–8.3 mm long, the bundle claw 1.8–2.3 mm long,
0.2–0.3 times as long as the filaments.
Style
10–12 mm
long.
Ovules
c. 65–150 per locule.
Fruit
4–4.5 mm long,
the calyx lobes weathering away; cotyledons obvolute.
Natural occurrence:
Queensland: the Bundaberg
district.
Ecology:
Recorded as occurring in heathy Melaleuca
swamp, and on sandy soil.
Flowering time:
Recorded as flowering in September.
Essential oils:
The leaf oil of this species was domi
nated by apinene (83%). There were lesser amounts of
isovaleraldehyde (1.2%), limonene (1.4%) and aterpineol
(2.2%). Sesquiterpenes did not contribute much to the oil,
with the principal members being aromadendrene (1.2%),
bicyclogermacrene (1.1%), globulol (1.2%), viridiflorol
(0.7%) and spathulenol (0.5%).
Oil yield:
The oil yield (fresh weight, w/w) was 0.5%.
Melaleuca
cheelii
C.T.White
117
7. Species ac
counts
—
Melaleuc
a chisholmii
Publication:
Novon 16: 471 (2006)
Derivation:
chisholmii, in honour of J.R. Chisholm who
made plant collections in Queensland, Australia, including
the type collection of this species
Synonym:
Callistemon chisholmi Cheel
Description:
Shrub
1.5–3 m tall; bark rough, dark
grey.
Branchlets
glabrescent, lanuginosesericeous over
laid with pubescent hairs.
Leaves
alternate, 25–100 mm
long, 1–7 mm wide, 9–60 times as long as wide, subses
sile or shortpetiolate; blade glabrescent, sericeous to
lanuginosesericeous, narrowly elliptic, narrowly obovate,
linearelliptic or linearobovate, in transverse section
transversely linear to sublunate to broadly subreniform,
the base very narrowly cuneate to parallel (blade width
equals petiole width), the apex acute or very shortly
acuminate, the veins pinnate or longitudinal, when
pinnate with up to 30 veins, 3veined when longitudinal
veined only,
oil glands
moderately dense, distinct or
obscure, scattered.
Inflorescences
spicate, pseudoter
minal or effectively so, with 10–30 monads, 40–50 mm
wide.
Hypanthium
hairy or glabrous, 2.6–4.4 mm long.
Calyx lobes
abaxially hairy (sometimes on the margin
only), 1.1–1.7 mm long, scarious in a marginal band
0.3–0.7 mm wide.
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