vhqw\deu fx lo wdul[lqgԥ øvyhoUԥqlq &hqhyuԥ úԥKԥUlqgԥ 1hyurorml &ԥPL\\ԥWOԥulqlq $yursd hghudvl\DVÕQÕQ

112

2010/ 4

ø1)250$6ø<$

Ź

 VHQW\DEU FX LO WDUL[LQGԥ øVYHoUԥQLQ &HQHYUԥ

úԥKԥULQGԥ 1HYURORML &ԥPL\\ԥWOԥULQLQ $YURSD )HGHUDVL\DVÕQÕQ

()16  F .RQTUHVL NHoLULOPLúGLU

$YURSD IRUXPXQXQ oԥUoLYԥVLQGԥ PDVLU NOLQLNL QHYURORJL\DQÕQ

Yԥ IXQGDPHQWDO QH\URHOPOԥULQ DNWXDO VXDOODUÕ P]DNLUԥ

ROXQPXúGXU .RQTUHVGԥ P[WԥOLI |ONԥOԥUGԥQ  PWԥ[ԥVVLV

LúWLUDNHGLUGL.RQTUHVLQԥVDVP|Y]XODUÕEDúD÷UÕODUÕEH\LQLQVXOWX

HNVWUDSLUDPLGDO SR]÷XQOXTODU HSLOHSVL\D QH\URԥ]ԥOԥ [ԥVWԥOLNOԥUL

GD÷ÕQÕT VNOHUR] $OVKH\PHU [ԥVWԥOL\L VLQLU [ԥVWԥOLNOԥULQLQ

NOLQLNDVÕQGD DYWRQRP Yԥ VHNVXDO GLVIXQNVL\DODU NԥOOԥEH\LQ

WUDYPDVÕ IXQNVLRQDO QHYURORML VLPSWRPODU VLQLU VLVWHPLQLQ \ROX[XFX

]ԥGԥOԥQPԥOԥUL QH\URJHQHWLND PHWDEROLN [ԥVWԥOLNOԥU Yԥ V .RQTUHV

oԥUoLYԥVLQGԥ GHPHQVL\D HSLOHSVL\D HNVWUDSLUDPLGDO [ԥVWԥOLNOԥU

LQVXOW EDú D÷UÕODUÕ QH\URRQNRORJL\D PRWRQH\URQ [ԥVWԥOLNOԥUL GD÷ÕQÕT

VNOHUR] GLJԥU GHPL\HOLQHGLFL [ԥVWԥOLNOԥU Yԥ SHULIHULN QH\URSDWL\DODU

]Uԥ WԥOLP SURTUDPODUÕ NHoLULOPLúGLU $QJLRQHYURORJL\D VDKԥVLQGԥ

DSDUÕFÕ PWԥ[ԥVVLVOԥULQ oÕ[ÕúODUÕ WԥVGLT HWPLúGLU NL [ԥVWԥOԥU PRQLWRUODUOD

WԥFKL] HGLOPLú WURPEROL]LV Yԥ UHDELOLWDVL\D DSDUÕOPDVÕQD LPNDQ \DUDGDQ

L[WLVDVODúGÕUÕOPÕú LQVXOW ú|EԥOԥULQԥ Qԥ TԥGԥU WH] oDWGÕUÕOVD R TԥGԥU

LúHPLN Yԥ KHPRUUDTLN LQVXOWXQ NԥVNLQ G|YUQGԥ |OP WԥKONԥVL

D]DOPÕú ROXU Yԥ VWDVLRQDUGD TDOPD PGGԥWL TÕVDOÕU .RQTUHVGԥ

E|\N GLTTԥW NRTQLWLY SR]÷XQOXTODU SUREOHPLQԥ \HWLULOPLúGLU

$OVKH\PHU [ԥVWԥOL\LQLQ GLDTQRVWLNDVÕ Yԥ PDOLFԥVL P]DNLUԥ

ROXQPXúGXU 'D÷ÕQÕT VNOHUR]XQ PDOLFԥVL oQ RUDO SUHSDUDWODU

WԥTGLP HGLOPLúGLU NODGULELQ  .ODGULELQOԥ PDOLFԥ UHVLGLYOԥULQ

ԥPԥOԥJԥOPԥ WԥONԥVLQL D]DOGÕU Yԥ [ԥVWԥOԥU WԥUԥ¿QGԥQ \D[úÕ

NHoLULOLU $NDGHPLN =ԥULIԥ ԤOL\HYD DGÕQD 0LOOL 2IWDOPRORJL\D

0ԥUNԥ]LQGԥQ .RQTUHVGԥ 11ԥVUXOOD\HYD ³2SWLN QHYULWOL Yԥ

GD÷ÕQÕT VNOHUR] [ԥVWԥOԥULQGԥ RSWLN FRKHUHQW WRPRTUD¿\DQÕQ Yԥ

PXOWLPRGDO oD÷UÕOPÕú SRWHQVLDOODUÕQÕQ GLDTQRVWLN ԥKԥPL\\ԥWL´

P|Y]XVXQGD PԥUX]ԥ LOԥ oÕ[Õú HWPLúGLU

Ź

 QR\DEU FX LO WDUL[LQGԥ *UFVWDQÕQ

7ELOLVL úԥKԥULQGԥ 6DQWHQ NRPSDQL\DVÕ WԥUԥ¿QGԥQ WԥúNLO

HGLOPLú SURIHVVRU øYD %HUDG]HQLQ \XELOH\LQԥ KԥVU ROXQDQ

RIWDOPRORTODUÕQ TXUXOWD\Õ NHoLULOPLúGLU

%X NRQIUDQVGD KԥP FԥUUDKL\\ԥ KԥP WHUDSL\D ]Uԥ

RIWDOPRORJL\DQÕQ TOREDO P|Y]XODUÕQD WR[XQXOPXúGXU ԤVDVԥQ

J|]Q |Q Yԥ DU[D KLVVԥOԥULQLQ FԥUUDKL\\ԥVL VXDOODUÕ P]DNLUԥ

HGLOPLúGLU $]ԥUED\FDQ WԥUԥ¿QGԥQ PԥK] EX P|Y]X\D GDLU LNL

oÕ[Õú WԥTGLP ROXQGX 'U øVJԥQGԥURYD 1ԥUPLQԥ WRU TLúDQÕQ

TRSPDVÕ ]DPDQÕ \HQL SORPEODPD VXOXQXQ WԥFUEԥVL LOԥ E|OúG

%X VXO $]ԥUED\FDQ PԥNWԥELQLQ \HWLUPԥVL GRNWRU 1LNRODV

/DEDXUL WԥUԥ¿QGԥQ WԥNOLI ROXQPXú Yԥ oDS HGLOPLúGLU ³7RU TLúDQÕQ

DúD÷Õ KLVVԥVLQLQ TRSPDVÕQGD ³VKRHODFH´ VXOX LOԥ WLNLúVL]

FԥUUDKL\\ԥ´ 'U +VH\QRY ;ԥOLO ELU GRQRU EX\QX] TLúDQÕQ ELU QHoԥ [ԥVWԥ\ԥ WԥWELTL WԥFUEԥVL LOԥ E|OúG %X ]DPDQ

ELU [ԥVWԥ\ԥ '0(. GHVVHPHW TLúDQÕQ N|oUOPԥVL  VXOX GLJԥU [ԥVWԥ\ԥ LVԥ GU )HUUDULQLQ VXOX LOԥ TDOÕT VWURPDQÕQ

WUDQVSODQWDVL\DVÕ WԥWELT ROXQXU

113

2010/ 4

ø1)250$6ø<$

Ź

 QR\DEU FX LO WDUL[LQGԥ 0RVNYD úԥKԥULQGԥ

57($QÕQ DNDGHPLNL SURIHVVRU $)%URYNLQDQÕQ

LOOLN \XELOH\LQԥ KԥVU HGLOPLú ³*|UPԥ ]YQQ úLúOԥUL

Yԥ úLúԥEԥQ]ԥU [ԥVWԥOLNOԥUL´ P|Y]XVXQGD HOPLSUDNWLNL

NRQIUDQV NHoLULOPLúGLU

.RQIUDQV EH\QԥO[DOT VԥYL\\ԥGԥ DSDUÕOPÕú 0'%

|ONԥOԥULQGԥQ KԥNLPRIWDOPRRQNRORTODU GԥYԥW HGLOPLúGLU

.RQIUDQVÕQ DoÕOÕúÕQGD DNDG $)%URYNLQD oÕ[Õú HGԥUԥN EWQ

LúWLUDNoÕODUÕ VDODPODGÕ 0[WԥOLI |ONԥOԥUGԥQ JԥOPLú KԥNLPOԥU

RIWDOPRRQNRORJL\DQÕQ DNWXDO SUREOHPOԥULQԥ Yԥ J|] \XYDVÕ

SDWRORJL\DODUÕQD DLG PDUDTOÕ PԥUX]ԥOԥUOԥ oÕ[Õú HWGLOԥU

'LDTQRVWLNDQÕQ PDVLU VXOODUÕ NRQVHUYDWLY PDOLFԥ EX SDWRORJL\DODU ]DPDQÕ FԥUUDKL PGD[LOԥ PDOLFԥQLQ

QԥWLFԥOԥUL JԥOԥFԥN SURTQR]ODU [ԥVWԥQLQ Kԥ\DW NH\¿\\ԥWLQLQ

\NVԥOPԥVL P|Y]XODUÕ ԥWUDIÕQGD JHQLú GLVNXVVL\DODU

DSDUÕOPÕúGÕU ;VXVL GLTTԥW [ԥVWԥOL\LQ UHVLGLYOԥULQLQ

TDUúÕVÕQÕ DODQ WDNWLNDQÕQ WԥWELT HGLOPԥVLQԥ \|QԥOGLOPLúGLU

ùLú ]DPDQÕ UHNRQVWULNWLYEԥUSD ԥPԥOL\\DWODUÕQ

DSDUÕOPDVÕ P|Y]XVXQD KԥVU HGLOPLú PԥUX]ԥOԥU PDUDT

GR÷XUPXúGXU

$NDGHPLN =ԥULIԥ ԤOL\HYD DGÕQD 0LOOL 2IWDOPRORJL\D

0ԥUNԥ]LQLQ ԥPԥNGDúODUÕ RIWDOPRRQNRORT 51%DOD\HYD

Yԥ RNXORSODVWLN 9$ +DTYHUGL\HYD NRQIUDQVGD LúWLUDN

HWPLúGLOԥU51%DOD\HYDQÕQ³(QGRNULQRIWDOPRSDWL\DQÕQ

NRPELQԥHGLOPLú PDOLFԥ VXOODUÕ´ PԥUX]ԥVL WԥTGLP

HGLOPLúGLU Yԥ EX SDWRORJL\DQÕQ DNWXDOOÕ÷Õ ]QGԥQ E|\N

PDUD÷D VԥEԥE ROPXúGXU

Ź

   GHNDEU FX LO WDUL[LQGԥ dLNDTR

úԥKԥUL 0ɫ&RUPLFN 3ODFH NRQIUDQV]DOÕQGD GQ\DGD

ԥQ E|\N RIWDOPRORML NRQIUDQV KHVDE ROXQDQ ȺȺɈ

ɆȿȺɋɈQXQ ELUJԥ PúDYLUԥVL NHoLULOPLúGLU

$OFRQ /HQ6[  /HQV$5 Yԥ 2SWL0HGLFD NRP

SDQL\DODUÕ LOԥ WԥTGLP ROXQDQ NDWDUDNWDQÕQ FԥUUD\L\\ԥVL

oQ Qԥ]ԥUGԥ WXWXOPXú )HPWRVHFRQG /DVHU NRQIUDQVGD

E|\N PDUD÷D VԥEԥE ROPXúGXU %X JQ /HQ6[ VLVWHPL

J|]Q |Q VHTPHQWLQLQ EWQ VWUXNWXUODUÕQÕQ o|OoO WԥVYLULQL YHUԥQ úԥ[VL RSWLN NRKHUHQW WRPRTUDIGDQ LVWLIDGԥ

HGLU %X WԥVYLUOԥU YLGHRPLNURVNRSD SUR\HNVL\D ROXQXU FԥUUDK |] G]ԥOLúOԥULQL ԥODYԥ HGLU Yԥ ԥPԥOL\\DWD EDúOD\ÕU 'U

6WHSKHQ 6ODGH  [ԥVWԥQLQ LONLQ QԥWLFԥOԥULQL WԥTGLP HWPLúGLU 2QODUD  PNP GԥTLTOL\L LOԥ PDQXDO UKH[LV   PNP

OD]HU UKH[LV DNNRPRGDVL\D HGLFL ø2/ 5H6725 LPSODQWDVL\D HGLOPLúGLU 'U +DUYH\ 8\  [ԥVWԥQLQ QԥWLFԥOԥULQL

WԥTGLP HWPLúGLU 2QODUD /HQV$5 OD]HUL LOԥ IUDTPHQWDVL\D DSDUÕOPÕúGÕU NRQWURO TUXSOD PTD\LVԥGԥ VԥSLFL HQHUMLQLQ

WRSODQPDVÕ  D]DOPÕúGÕU 'U 3DOOLNDULV \D[ÕQJ|UPԥQL GԥQ  TԥGԥU \D[úÕODúGÕUDQ &RUQHDO )OH[LYXH ,PSODQWV

GLDPHWUL PP  PF K\GURSKLOLF SODVWLF SROLPHU  LPSODQWDVL\DVÕQÕQ QԥWLFԥOԥULQL WԥTGLP HWPLúGLU 9D[WÕQGDQ

TDEDT GR÷XOPXúODUÕQ UHWLQRSDWL\DVÕQÕQ NԥVNLQ PԥUKԥOԥVLQGԥ DQWL9(*) SUHSDUDWODUÕQÕQ LVWLIDGԥVLQԥ [VXVL GLTTԥW

\HWLULOPLúGLU ;VXVLOԥ PJ %HYD]LVXPDEÕQ KԥP PRWRWHUDSL\D ]DPDQÕ OD]HUDEO\DVL\DGDQ VRQUD NROODWHUDO

]ԥGԥOԥQPԥQL D]DOGÕU  KԥP OD]HUWHUDSL\D LOԥ PúWԥUԥN LVWLIDGԥVL \D[úÕ QԥWLFԥ YHUPLúGLU 'U :UREHO SUHGPHWOԥUL

VHoPԥ Yԥ R[XPD TDELOL\\ԥWL EԥUSD HGLOPLú SLTPHQWOL UHWLQLWL RODQ  [ԥVWԥ\ԥ VXEUHWLQDO PLNURoLSLQ 5HWLQD ,PSODQW

$*  LPSODQWDVL\DVÕQÕQ QԥWLFԥOԥULQL WԥTGLP HWPLúGLU ԤPԥOL\\DW IԥVDGVÕ] DSDUÕOPÕúGÕU 'U 'XJHO GDLPL DQWL9(*)

PDOLFԥVLQL WԥOԥE HGԥQ \Dú PDNXORGLVWUR¿\DVÕ RODQ [ԥVWԥOԥUGԥ HSLPDFXODU EUDFKLWHUDS\QÕQ PLGYHULFL QԥWLFԥOԥULQL

WԥTGLP HWPLúGLU 3UHSDUDWODU WԥTGLP HGLOPLúGLU TXUX PDNXORGLVWUR¿\D oQ )(15(7,1,'( ]ODOOD ED÷OÕ $

YLW  Yԥ SURVWDTODQGLQ ( UHVHSWRUODUÕQ DTRQLVWL RODQ /$7$1235267Ɍ HIIHNWOL 7$35(1(3$* 3¿]HU  KDQVÕ

NL NRPELQԥHGLOPLú WԥWELTL ]DPDQÕ VLQHUJHWLN HIIHNW YHULU $NDGHPLN =ԥULIԥ ԤOL\HYD DGÕQD 0LOOL 2IWDOPRORJL\D

0ԥUNԥ]LQLQ ԥPԥNGDúODUÕ 4XOL\HYD 0LQDUԥ Yԥ 6DOPDQRYD 6HYLQF EX NRQIUDQVGD IԥDO LúWLUDN HWPLúGLOԥU 6DOPDQRYD

6 68%63(&,$/,7< '$< ± 3(',$75,& 23+7+$/02/2*< GD ³3HULQDWDO HQVHIDORSDWL\DOÕ XúDTODUGD

RSWLNYHVWLEXO\DU KLVVL\DWÕQ TÕFROPD VLQGURPXQXQ Yԥ DPEOLRSL\DQÕQ NRUUHO\DVL\DVÕ´ P|Y]XVXQGD SUH]HQWDVL\DQÕ

WԥTGLP HWPLúGLU

114

2010/ 4

ø1)250$6ø<$

Ź

ɋ  ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹ ɩɨ  ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ ɝɨ ɝɨɞɚ ɜ Ɍɭɪɰɢɢ ɜ ɝɨɪɨɞɟ Ⱥɧɬɚɥɶɹ ɜ Ʉɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɰɟɧɬɪɟ

ɨɬɟɥɹ 5L[RV 6XQJDWH ɩɪɨɲɟɥ ɣ ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ Ʉɨɧɝɪɟɫɫ Ɍɭɪɟɰɤɨɝɨ Ɉɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ

Ɉɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ 72' 

ȼ ɤɨɧɝɪɟɫɫɟ ɜ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɟ ɩɨɞ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɪɨɮ ɗɆɄɚɫɢɦɨɜɚ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɥɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ

ɚɡɟɪɛɚɣɞɠɚɧɫɤɢɟ ɨɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɢ Ʉɨɧɝɪɟɫɫ ɛɵɥ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧ ɮɢɥɢɚɥɨɦ Ɍɭɪɟɰɤɨɝɨ Ɉɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ

Ɉɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɜ Ȼɭɪɫɟ ɇɚɭɱɧɵɟ ɫɟɫɫɢɢ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɦ ɨɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɢɢ Ɍɚɤɠɟ ɧɚ

ɤɨɧɝɪɟɫɫɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɨɬɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɤɥɢɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɢɦɩɨɡɢɭɦɚɦ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɢɦ ɤɭɪɫɚɦ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ

ɦɨɥɨɞɵɯ ɨɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɨɜ )UHH 3DSHU ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɹɦ ɜɢɞɟɨɫɢɦɩɨɡɢɭɦɚɦ ɢ ©ɠɢɜɨɣª ɯɢɪɭɪɝɢɢ ȼ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ

ɤɨɧɝɪɟɫɫɚ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɚɫɶ ɜɵɫɬɚɜɤɚ ɝɞɟ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɧɨɜɟɣɲɢɟ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɨɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɢɢ

ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɵ

ȼ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɤɨɧɝɪɟɫɫɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢ ɱɥɟɧɵ Ɉɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ Ɉɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɨɜ Ɍɸɪɤɨɹɡɵɱɧɵɯ ɋɬɪɚɧ 7&2' 

Ʉɚɤ ɧɚ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɵɯ ɫɨɛɪɚɧɢɹɯ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɧɚ ɫɨɛɪɚɧɢɹɯ ɩɨ ɭɡɤɨɣ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɦɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ

ɞɨɤɥɚɞɵ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɯ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɦ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹɦ ɋɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ Ⱥɡɟɪɛɚɣɞɠɚɧɚ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɢɥɢ ɩɪɨɮ ɉɆɭɫɚɟɜ

ɆɄɟɪɢɦɨɜ ɇȽɚɞɠɢɟɜɚ ɌȽɹɥɶɛɢɧɭɪ ɋȺɤɛɟɪɨɜɚ Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɞɪɚ ɎȺɝɚɟɜɨɣ ɛɵɥɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɟ

ɩɚɧɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɮɨɬɨɜɵɫɬɚɜɤɢ Ɂɧɚɦɟɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɟɦ ɫɬɚɥɨ ɩɪɚɡɞɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɥɟɬɧɟɝɨ ɸɛɢɥɟɹ Ɉɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ

Ɉɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɨɜ Ɍɸɪɤɨɹɡɵɱɧɵɯ ɋɬɪɚɧ 7&2'  Ⱦɪɭɝɢɦ ɪɚɞɨɫɬɧɵɦ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɟɦ ɫɬɚɥɨ ɩɪɢɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ

Ⱥɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɨɣ Ⱥɤɚɞɟɦɢɢ Ɉɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɧɚɝɪɚɞɵ ɩɪɟɞɫɟɞɚɬɟɥɸ 7&2' ɩɪɨɮ ɋɭɧɚɣ Ⱦɭɦɚɧ ɡɚ ɨɫɨɛɵɟ

ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ɋɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɤɨɥɥɟɤɬɢɜ ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ Ɉɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ

ɐɟɧɬɪɚ ɢɦɟɧɢ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɤɚ Ɂɚɪɢɮɵ Ⱥɥɢɟɜɨɣ ɩɨɡɞɪɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɩɪɨɮ ɋȾɭɦɚɧ ɫ ɩɪɢɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɚɝɪɚɞɵ ɠɟɥɚɸɬ

ɤɪɟɩɤɨɝɨ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɢ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɭɫɩɟɯɨɜ ɜ ɟɟ ɩɥɨɞɨɬɜɨɪɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ

Ź

)URP 6HSWHPEHU  WR 2FWREHU   LQ 7XUNH\ $QWDO\D LQ WKH &RQIHUHQFH &HQWHU RI WKH 5L[RV

6XQJDWH +RWHO WKH WK 1DWLRQDO &RQJUHVV RI WKH 7XUNLVK 2SKWKDOPRORJ\ 6RFLHW\ 72'  ZDV KHOG

8QGHU WKH JXLGDQFH RI 3URI *DVLPRY ( 0 $]HUEDLMDQL RSKWKDOPRORJLVWV SDUWLFLSDWHG LQ WKH &RQJUHVV 7KH

&RQJUHVV ZDV RUJDQL]HG E\ WKH 7XUNLVK EUDQFK RI WKH 2SKWKDOPRORJLF 6RFLHW\ LQ %XUVD 6FLHQWL¿F VHVVLRQV ZHUH

KHOG RQ YDULRXV DVSHFWV RI RSKWKDOPRORJ\ $OVR DW WKH FRQJUHVV PXFK DWWHQWLRQ ZDV SDLG WR FOLQLFDO V\PSRVLD

WUDLQLQJ FRXUVHV D SURJUDP RI \RXQJ RSKWKDOPRORJLVWV )UHH 3DSHU SUHVHQWDWLRQV YLGHR V\PSRVLD DQG ³OLYH´

VXUJHU\ ,Q WKH IUDPHZRUN RI WKH &RQJUHVV WKHUH ZDV KHOG DQ H[KLELWLRQ SUHVHQWLQJ WKH ODWHVW DFKLHYHPHQWV LQ WKH

¿HOG RI RSKWKDOPRORJ\ PRGHUQ RSKWKDOPRORJLFDO HTXLSPHQW DQG QHZ GUXJV 0HPEHUV RI WKH 2SKWKDOPRORJ\

6RFLHW\ RI 7XUNLFVSHDNLQJ FRXQWULHV 7&2'  DFWLYHO\ SDUWLFLSDWHG LQ WKH ZRUN RI WKH &RQJUHVV %RWK DW

LQGHSHQGHQW PHHWLQJV DQG DW PHHWLQJV RI WKH QDUURZ VSHFLDOL]DWLRQ WKH\ VXEPLWWHG WKH UHSRUWV RQ WKHLU VFLHQWL¿F

DFKLHYHPHQWV 3URI 0XVDHY 3 .HULPRY 0 +DML\HYD 1 *DOELQXU 7 $NEHURYD 6 UHSUHVHQWHG $]HUEDLMDQ 7KH

ZRUN RI 'U $JD\HYD ) ZDV SUHVHQWHG LQ WKH IRUP RI D SDQHO H[KLELWLRQ 7KH FHOHEUDWLRQ RI WKH WK DQQLYHUVDU\ RI

WKH 2SKWKDOPRORJ\ 6RFLHW\ RI WKH 7XUNLFVSHDNLQJ FRXQWULHV 7&2'  EHFDPH D VLJQL¿FDQW HYHQW $QRWKHU KDSS\

HYHQW ZDV WKH DZDUGLQJ 7&2' &KDLUPDQ 3URI 6XQD\ 'XPDQ ZLWK WKH $PHULFDQ $FDGHP\ RI 2SKWKDOPRORJ\

DZDUG IRU RXWVWDQGLQJ DFKLHYHPHQWV LQ VFLHQWL¿F UHVHDUFK 7KH OHDGHUVKLS DQG VWDII RI WKH 1DWLRQDO &HQWHU RI

2SKWKDOPRORJ\ QDPHG DIWHU DFDGHPLFLDQ RI =DULID $OL\HYD FRQJUDWXODWH 3URIHVVRU 6 'XPDQ RQ WKH DZDUG DQG

ZLVK KHU VWURQJ KHDOWK DQG IXUWKHU VXFFHVVHV LQ KHU ZRUN

Ź 

 ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɹ  ɝ ɜ ɝ ɀɟɧɟɜɚ ɒɜɟɣɰɚɪɢɹ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɥɫɹ ɣ ɤɨɧɝɪɟɫɫ ȿɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ ɮɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ

ɧɟɜɪɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜ ()16 

ȼ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɮɨɪɭɦɚ ɨɛɫɭɠɞɚɥɢɫɶ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɥɢɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ

ɧɟɜɪɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɟɣɪɨɧɚɭɤ ȼ ɤɨɧɝɪɟɫɫɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ  ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ Ʉɪɨɦɟ

ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɯ ɧɟɜɪɨɥɨɝɨɜ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɤɨɧɝɪɟɫɫɚ ɩɪɢɧɹɥɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɵ ɢɡ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɋɒȺ

Ⱥɜɫɬɪɚɥɢɢ ɫɬɪɚɧ Ⱥɡɢɢ ɢ Ⱥɮɪɢɤɢ Ƚɥɚɜɧɵɦɢ ɬɟɦɚɦɢ ɤɨɧɝɪɟɫɫɚ ɛɵɥɢ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɚɹ ɛɨɥɶ ɦɨɡɝɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɫɭɥɶɬ

ɷɤɫɬɪɚɩɢɪɚɦɢɞɧɵɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɷɩɢɥɟɩɫɢɹ ɧɟɣɪɨɦɵɲɟɱɧɵɟ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɫɟɹɧɧɵɣ ɫɤɥɟɪɨɡ ɛɨɥɟɡɧɶ

Ⱥɥɶɰɝɟɣɦɟɪɚɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɚɹɢɫɟɤɫɭɚɥɶɧɚɹɞɢɫɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɜɤɥɢɧɢɤɟɧɟɪɜɧɵɯɛɨɥɟɡɧɟɣɱɟɪɟɩɧɨɦɨɡɝɨɜɚɹɬɪɚɜɦɚ

ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɧɟɜɪɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɢɦɩɬɨɦɵ ɢɧɮɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɟɣɪɨɝɟɧɟɬɢɤɚ

ɦɟɬɚɛɨɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɪ ȼ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɤɨɧɝɪɟɫɫɚ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɢɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɩɨ ɞɟɦɟɧɰɢɢ

ɷɩɢɥɟɩɫɢɢ ɷɤɫɬɪɚɩɢɪɚɦɢɞɧɵɦ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɢɧɫɭɥɶɬɭ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɨɣ ɛɨɥɢ ɧɟɣɪɨɨɧɤɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹɦ

ɦɨɬɨɧɟɣɪɨɧɚ ɪɚɫɫɟɹɧɧɨɦɭ ɫɤɥɟɪɨɡɭ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɞɟɦɢɟɥɢɧɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɦ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɢ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ

ɧɟɣɪɨɩɚɬɢɹɦ ȼɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɟɞɭɳɢɯ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɨɜ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɚɧɝɢɨɧɟɜɪɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɞɢɥɢ ɱɟɦ ɪɚɧɶɲɟ

ɛɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɢɧɫɭɥɶɬɧɵɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɚɦɢ

115

2010/ 4

ø1)250$6ø<$

ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɬɪɨɦɛɨɥɢɡɢɫ ɢ ɪɟɚɛɢɥɢɬɚɰɢɸ ɬɟɦ ɧɢɠɟ ɪɢɫɤ ɫɦɟɪɬɢ ɜ ɨɫɬɪɨɦ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɟ

ɤɚɤ ɢɲɟɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɝɟɦɨɪɪɚɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɧɫɭɥɶɬɚ ɢ ɬɟɦ ɤɨɪɨɱɟ ɫɪɨɤ ɩɪɟɛɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɟ Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɟ

ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟɧɚɤɨɧɝɪɟɫɫɟɛɵɥɨɭɞɟɥɟɧɨɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɟɤɨɝɧɢɬɢɜɧɵɯɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣɈɛɫɭɠɞɚɥɢɫɶɜɨɩɪɨɫɵɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɤɢ

ɢ ɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɨɥɟɡɧɢ Ⱥɥɶɰɝɟɣɦɟɪɚ Ȼɵɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɨɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɵ ɞɥɹ ɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɫɟɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɤɥɟɪɨɡ

ɤɥɚɞɪɢɛɢɧ  Ʌɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɥɚɞɪɢɛɢɧɨɦ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɧɢɠɚɥɨ ɪɢɫɤ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɰɢɞɢɜɨɜ ɢ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɥɨɫɶ

ɯɨɪɨɲɟɣ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɢɦɨɫɬɶɸ ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɰɟɧɬɪɨɦ ɨɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɛɵɥ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɞɨɤɥɚɞ ɇɚɫɪɭɥɥɚɟɜɨɣ

ɇȺ ɧɚ ɬɟɦɭ ©Ⱦɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɝɟɪɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɬɨɦɨɝɪɚɮɢɢ ɢ ɦɭɥɶɬɢɦɨɞɚɥɶɧɵɯ

ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɨɜ ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɪɚɫɫɟɹɧɧɵɦ ɫɤɥɟɪɨɡɨɦ ɢ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɧɟɜɪɢɬɨɦ ɜ ɞɟɛɸɬɟª

Ź 

2Q  6HSWHPEHU  LQ *HQHYD 6ZLW]HUODQG WKH WK &RQJUHVV RI (XURSHDQ )HGHUDWLRQ RI

1HXURORJLFDO 6RFLHWLHV WRRN SODFH

$V SDUW RI WKH (XURSHDQ )RUXP WRSLFDO LVVXHV RI FRQWHPSRUDU\ FOLQLFDO QHXURORJ\ DQG EDVLF QHXURVFLHQFH

ZHUH GLVFXVVHG 2YHU  VSHFLDOLVWV IURP GLIIHUHQW FRXQWULHV DWWHQGHG WKH FRQJUHVV 7KH PDLQ WKHPHV RI WKH

FRQJUHVV ZHUH KHDGDFKH VWURNH H[WUDS\UDPLGDO GLVRUGHUV HSLOHSV\ QHXURPXVFXODU GLVHDVH PXOWLSOH VFOHURVLV

$O]KHLPHU V GLVHDVH DXWRQRPLF DQG VH[XDO G\VIXQFWLRQ LQ WKH FOLQLF RI QHUYRXV GLVHDVHV KHDG WUDXPD IXQFWLRQDO

QHXURORJLFDO V\PSWRPV LQIHFWLRQV RI WKH QHUYRXV V\VWHP QHXURJHQHWLFV PHWDEROLF GLVHDVHV HWF 7KH &RQJUHVV

FRQGXFWHG WUDLQLQJ SURJUDPV RQ GHPHQWLD HSLOHSV\ H[WUDS\UDPLGDO GLVHDVHV VWURNH KHDGDFKH QHXURRQFRORJ\

PRWRU QHXURQ GLVHDVH PXOWLSOH VFOHURVLV RWKHU GHP\HOLQDWLQJ GLVHDVHV DQG SHULSKHUDO QHXURSDWK\ 3HUIRUPDQFHV

RI OHDGLQJ H[SHUWV LQ WKH ¿HOG RI DQJLRQHXURORJ\ FRQ¿UPHG WKH VRRQHU WKH SDWLHQWV ZLOO EH GHOLYHUHG WR VSHFLDOL]HG

VWURNH XQLW HTXLSSHG ZLWK PRQLWRUV KDYLQJ WKH RSSRUWXQLW\ WR FDUU\ RXW WKURPERO\VLV DQG UHKDELOLWDWLRQ WKH ORZHU

LV WKH ULVN RI GHDWK LQ DFXWH LVFKHPLF DQG KHPRUUKDJLF VWURNH DQG WKH VKRUWHU LV KRVSLWDO VWD\ 0XFK DWWHQWLRQ DW WKH

FRQJUHVV ZDV GHYRWHG WR WKH LVVXH RI FRJQLWLYH LPSDLUPHQW ,VVXHV RI GLDJQRVLV DQG WUHDWPHQW RI $O]KHLPHU V GLVHDVH

ZHUH GLVFXVVHG 2UDO PHGLFDWLRQV IRU WKH WUHDWPHQW RI PXOWLSOH VFOHURVLV FODGULELQH  ZHUH SUHVHQWHG &ODGULELQH

WUHDWPHQW VLJQL¿FDQWO\ UHGXFHG WKH ULVN RI UHODSVH DQG ZDV DFFRPSDQLHG E\ JRRG WROHUDELOLW\ 7KH 1DWLRQDO &HQWUH

RI 2SKWKDOPRORJ\ SUHVHQWHG WKH UHSRUW RI 1DVUXOOD\HYD 1$ ³'LDJQRVWLF YDOXH RI RSWLFDO FRKHUHQW WRPRJUDSK\ DQG

PXOWLPRGDO HYRNHG SRWHQWLDOV LQ SDWLHQWV ZLWK PXOWLSOH VFOHURVLV DQG RSWLF QHXULWLV´

Ź

ɋ  ɩɨ  ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ  ɝɨɞɚ ɜ ɑɢɤɚɝɨ ɜ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɡɚɥɟ 0ɫ&RUPLFN 3ODFH ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɨɫɶ

ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɟ ȺȺɈɆȿȺɋɈ ɫɨɜɟɳɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɹɜɥɹɥɨɫɶ ɤɪɭɩɧɟɣɲɟɣ ɜ ɦɢɪɟ ɨɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ

ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɟɣ

ɇɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɢɣɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɧɚɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢɜɵɡɜɚɥ)HPWRVHFRQG/DVHUɞɥɹɯɢɪɭɪɝɢɢɤɚɬɚɪɚɤɬɵɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɣ

ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɹɦɢ $OFRQ /HQ6[  /HQV$5 ɢ 2SWL0HGLFD ɋɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ /HQ6[ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ

ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɝɟɪɟɧɬɧɵɣ ɬɨɦɨɝɪɚɮ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬ ɬɪɟɯɦɟɪɧɨɟ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ

ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚɝɥɚɡɚɗɬɢɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɩɪɨɟɰɢɪɭɸɬɫɹɧɚɜɢɞɟɨɦɢɤɪɨɫɤɨɩɯɢɪɭɪɝɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɜɨɢɤɨɪɪɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɤɢ

ɢ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɸ 'U 6WHSKHQ 6ODGH ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɥ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɵɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ  ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɛɵɥɢ

ɢɦɩɥɚɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɚɤɤɨɦɦɨɞɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ ,2/ 5H6725 ɫ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɥɚɡɟɪɧɨɝɨ UKH[LV ɫ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ  ɦɤɦ ɩɪɢ

PDQXDO UKH[LV  ɦɤɦ  'U +DUYH\ 8\ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɥ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ  ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɩɪɨɜɟɥ

ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɥɚɡɟɪɨɦ /HQV$5 ɝɞɟ ɧɚɤɨɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɫɟɹɧɧɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɢɢ ɫɨɤɪɚɬɢɥɨɫɶ ɧɚ  ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ

ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɨɣ 'U 3DOOLNDULV ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɥ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɦɩɥɚɧɬɚɰɢɢ &RUQHDO )OH[LYXH ,PSODQWV  PP

ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ  PF K\GURSKLOLF SODVWLF SROLPHU  ɩɨɜɵɲɚɸɳɢɟ ɡɪɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɛɥɢɡɢ ɨɬ  ɞɨ  Ɉɫɨɛɨɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ

ɛɵɥɨ ɭɞɟɥɟɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɚɧɬɢ9(*) ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɨɜ ɜ ɨɫɬɪɨɣ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ ɪɟɬɢɧɨɩɚɬɢɢ ɧɟɞɨɧɨɲɟɧɧɵɯ ȼ

ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ PJ Ȼɟɜɚɰɢɡɭɦɚɛɚ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɢ ɦɨɬɨɬɟɪɚɩɢɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬ ɤɨɥɥɚɬɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɟ

ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɥɚɡɟɪɚɛɥɹɰɢɢ  ɬɚɤ ɢ ɜ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɢ ɫ ɥɚɡɟɪɬɟɪɚɩɢɟɣ ɞɚɟɬ ɯɨɪɨɲɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ 'U :UREHO

ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɥ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɦɩɥɚɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ VXEUHWLQDO ɦɢɤɪɨɱɢɩɚ 5HWLQD ,PSODQW $*   ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɚɦ ɫ

ɩɢɝɦɟɧɬɧɵɦ ɪɟɬɢɧɢɬɨɦ ɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɛɵɥɚ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ ɢ ɱɬɟɧɢɹ

Ɉɩɟɪɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɲɥɚ ɛɟɡ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɫɥɨɠɧɟɧɢɣ 'U 'XJHO ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɥ ɨɛɧɚɞɟɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ

HSLPDFXODU EUDFKLWHUDS\ ɩɪɢ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɧɨɣ ɦɚɤɭɥɨɞɢɫɬɪɨɮɢɢ ɭ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɭɠɞɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɜ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ

ɚɧɬɢ9(*) ɥɟɱɟɧɢɢ Ȼɵɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɩɪɟɩɚɪɚɬɵ )(15(7,1,'( ɞɥɹ ɫɭɯɨɣ ɦɚɤɭɥɨɞɢɫɬɪɨɮɢɢ 9LW $

ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɣ ɫ ɛɟɥɤɨɦ  ɢ 7$35(1(3$* 3¿]HU  ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɚɝɨɧɢɫɬɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɚɝɥɚɧɞɢɧ ȿ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ ɫ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɨɦ

ɅȺɌȺɇɈɉɊɈɋɌ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɹ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɦɛɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɫɢɧɟɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɋɨɬɪɭɞɧɢɤɢ ɐɟɧɬɪɚ

Ʉɭɥɢɟɜɚ Ɇɢɧɚɪɚ ɢ ɋɚɥɦɚɧɨɜɚ ɋɟɜɢɧɞɠ ɩɪɢɧɹɥɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɧɚ ɷɬɨɣ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɋɚɥɦɚɧɨɜɚ ɋɁ

ɧɚ 68%63(&,$/,7< '$< ± 3(',$75,& 23+7+$/02/2*<  ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɥɚ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɸ ɧɚ ɬɟɦɭ

©Ʉɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɹ ɨɩɬɢɤɨɜɟɫɬɢɛɭɥɹɪɧɨɣ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɭɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɫɢɧɞɪɨɦɚ ɢ ɚɦɛɥɢɨɩɢɢ ɭ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɫ

ɩɟɪɢɧɚɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɧɰɟɮɚɥɨɩɚɬɢɟɣª

116

2010/ 4

ø1)250$6ø<$

Ź

2Q  2FWREHU  LQ &KLFDJR LQ D FRQIHUHQFH URRP 0V&RUPLFN 3ODFH D MRLQW PHHWLQJ RI WKH

ȺȺɈɆȿȺɋɈ ZKLFK ZDV WKH ZRUOG V ODUJHVW RSKWKDOPLF FRQIHUHQFH ZDV KHOG

)HPWRVHFRQG /DVHU IRU FDWDUDFW VXUJHU\ SUHVHQWHG E\ $OFRQ /HQ6[  /HQV$5 DQG 2SWL0HGLFD FDOOHG WKH

JUHDWHVW LQWHUHVW DW WKH FRQIHUHQFH 7RGD\ /HQ6[ V\VWHP XVHV LWV RZQ RSWLFDO FRKHUHQW WRPRJUDSK\ ZKLFK SURGXFHV

' LPDJH RI DOO VWUXFWXUHV RI WKH DQWHULRU VHJPHQW 7KHVH LPDJHV DUH SURMHFWHG RQ D YLGHR PLFURVFRSH WKH VXUJHRQ

PDNHV DGMXVWPHQWV DQG EHJLQV WKH VXUJHU\

'U 6WHSKHQ 6ODGH SUHVHQWHG SUHOLPLQDU\ UHVXOWV RI  SDWLHQWV ZKR ZHUH LPSODQWHG DFFRPDGDWLYH ,2/ 5H6725

KROGLQJ ODVHU UKH[LV XS WR  PLFURQV ZLWK PDQXDO UKH[LV  PLFURQV  'U +DUYH\ 8\ SUHVHQWHG WKH UHVXOWV RI

WKH VWXG\ RI  SDWLHQWV ZKR KDG /HQV$5 ODVHU IUDJPHQWDWLRQ ZKHUH WKH DFFXPXODWLRQ RI GLVVLSDWHG HQHUJ\

GHFUHDVHG E\  FRPSDUHG ZLWK WKH FRQWURO JURXS 'U 3DOOLNDULV SUHVHQWHG WKH UHVXOWV RI LPSODQWDWLRQ RI

&RUQHDO )OH[LYXH ,PSODQWV  PP GLDPHWHU  PF K\GURSKLOLF SODVWLF SROLPHU  LQFUHDVLQJ YLVLRQ IRU WKH YLFLQLW\

IURP  WR  3DUWLFXODU DWWHQWLRQ ZDV SDLG WR WKH XVH RI DQWL9(*) GUXJV LQ WKH DFXWH VWDJH RI UHWLQRSDWK\ RI

SUHPDWXULW\ ,Q SDUWLFXODU XVH RI PJ RI %HYDFL]XPDE DV LQ PRWLRQWKHUDS\ UHGXFHV WKH FROODWHUDO GDPDJH

IURP OD]HUDEODWLRQ  DQG LQ FRPELQDWLRQ ZLWK ODVHU WKHUDS\ JLYHV JRRG UHVXOWV 'U :UREHO SUHVHQWHG WKH UHVXOWV

RI VXEUHWLQDO LPSODQWDWLRQ RI WKH PLFURFKLS 5HWLQD ,PSODQW $*  WR  SDWLHQWV ZLWK UHWLQLWLV SLJPHQWRVD ZKR

KDG UHVWRUHG WKH DELOLW\ WR GLVWLQJXLVK REMHFWV DQG UHDG 7KH RSHUDWLRQ ZHQW ZLWKRXW DQ\ PDMRU FRPSOLFDWLRQV

'U 'XJHO SUHVHQWHG HQFRXUDJLQJ UHVXOWV RI HSLPDFXODU EUDFKLWHUDS\ LQ DJH PDFXODU GHJHQHUDWLRQ SDWLHQWV ZKR

QHHG FKURQLF DQWL9(*) WUHDWPHQW 7KH IROORZLQJ PHGLFLQHV ZHUH SUHVHQWHG )(15(7,1,'( IRU GU\ PDFXODU

GHJHQHUDWLRQ 9LW $ SURWHLQERXQG  DQG 7$35(1(3$* 3¿]HU  ZKLFK LV DJRQLVW RI SURVWDJODQGLQ ( UHFHSWRU

ZLWK WKH HIIHFW RI /DWDQRSURVW VKRZLQJ WKH FRPELQHG DSSOLFDWLRQ RI D V\QHUJLVWLF HIIHFW &HQWHU VWDII .XOLHYD

0LQDUD DQG 6DOPDQRYD 6HYLQM WRRN DQ DFWLYH SDUW LQ WKLV FRQIHUHQFH 6DOPDQRYD 6= DW 68%63(&,$/,7< '$< ±

3(',$75,& 23+7+$/02/2*<  SUHVHQWHG ©&RUUHODWLRQ RI RSWLFDO DQG YHVWLEXODU VHQVLWLYLW\ FRQYXOVLRQV

DQG DPEO\RSLD LQ FKLOGUHQ ZLWK SHULQDWDO HQFHSKDORSDWK\ª

Ź

 ɧɨɹɛɪɹ  ɝ ɜ ɝ Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɚɫɶ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɹ ©Ɉɩɭɯɨɥɢ

ɢ ɨɩɭɯɨɥɟɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɟ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɚ ɡɪɟɧɢɹª ɩɪɢɭɪɨɱɟɧɧɚɹ ɤ ɥɟɬɢɸ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɤɚ ɊȺɆɇ

ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪɚ ȺɎȻɪɨɜɤɢɧɨɣ

Ʉɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɚɫɶ ɧɚ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɪɢɝɥɚɲɟɧɵ ɜɪɚɱɢɨɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɨɧɤɨɥɨɝɢ

ɢɡ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɋɇȽ Ɉɬɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɧɚɱɚɥɨɫɶ ɫɨ ɜɫɬɭɩɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ ɚɤɚɞ ȺɎȻɪɨɜɤɢɧɨɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ

ɩɪɢɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɚɜɫɟɯɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɨɜȼɪɚɱɢɢɡɪɚɡɧɵɯɫɬɪɚɧɜɵɫɬɭɩɢɥɢɫɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɧɵɦɢɞɨɤɥɚɞɚɦɢɤɚɫɚɸɳɢɦɢɫɹ

ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɨɮɬɚɥɦɨɨɧɤɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɨɪɛɢɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɢ Ȼɵɥɢ ɛɭɪɧɵɟ ɞɢɫɤɭɫɫɢɢ ɩɨ ɩɨɜɨɞɭ

ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵ[ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɤɢ ɤɨɧɫɟɪɜɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɯɢɪɭɪɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ

ɩɪɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɹɯ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɫɯɨɞɚ ɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɚ ɧɚ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɟ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɠɢɡɧɢ

ɛɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ Ȼɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɭɞɟɥɹɥɨɫɶ ɜɧɟɞɪɟɧɢɸ ɬɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɸ ɪɟɰɢɞɢɜɨɜ

ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɨɬɞɚɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɪɨɤɢ ɂɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɜɵɡɜɚɥɢ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɨɤɥɚɞɵ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨ

ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɹɦ ɩɪɢ ɨɩɭɯɨɥɹɯ ɇɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɐɟɧɬɪ Ɉɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢɦɟɧɢ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɤɚ

Ɂɚɪɢɮɵ Ⱥɥɢɟɜɨɣ ɛɵɥ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɨɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɨɧɤɨɥɨɝɨɦ Ȼɚɥɚɟɜɨɣ Ɋɇ ɢ ɨɤɭɥɨɩɥɚɫɬɢɤɨɦ

Ⱥɯɜɟɪɞɢɟɜɨɣ ȼȺ Ⱦɨɤɬɨɪɨɦ Ȼɚɥɚɟɜɨɣ Ɋɇ ɛɵɥ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɞɨɤɥɚɞ ©Ɇɟɬɨɞɵ ɤɨɦɛɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ

ɷɧɞɨɤɪɢɧɧɨɣ ɨɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɩɚɬɢɢª ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɜɵɡɜɚɥ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɜ ɫɢɥɭ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɢ

Ź

2Q 1RYHPEHU   LQ 0RVFRZ VFLHQWL¿FSUDFWLFDO FRQIHUHQFH ©7XPRUV DQG WXPRUOLNH GLVHDVHV RI

H\H´ GHGLFDWHG WR WKH WK DQQLYHUVDU\ RI 5$06 DFDGHPLFLDQ 3URI %URYNLQD $) ZDV KHOG

7KH FRQIHUHQFH ZDV KHOG DW LQWHUQDWLRQDO OHYHO DQG RSKWKDOPRRQFRORJLVWV IURP &,6 ZHUH LQYLWHG 7KH

FRQIHUHQFH EHJDQ ZLWK WKH RSHQLQJ VSHHFK RI WKH DFDG %URYNLQD $) ZKR ZHOFRPHG DOO SDUWLFLSDQWV 'RFWRUV

IURP GLIIHUHQW JDYH LQWHUHVWLQJ OHFWXUHV RQ LPSRUWDQW LVVXHV RI RSKWKDOPRRQFRORJ\ DQG RUELWDO SDWKRORJ\

7KHUH ZHUH GLVFXVVLRQV DERXW WKH XVH RI PRGHUQ GLDJQRVWLF PHWKRGV FRQVHUYDWLYH WUHDWPHQW VXUJLFDO

LQWHUYHQWLRQ LQ WKHVH SDWKRORJLHV DV ZHOO DV WKH RXWFRPH RI WUHDWPHQW SURJQRVLV IRU WKH IXWXUH DQG LPSURYHPHQW

RI WKH TXDOLW\ RI OLIH 0XFK DWWHQWLRQ ZDV JLYHQ WR WKH LQWURGXFWLRQ RI WDFWLFV WR KHOS SUHYHQW WKH UHFXUUHQFH RI WKH

GLVHDVH LQ WKH ODWH SHULRGV 5HSRUWV RQ UHFRQVWUXFWLYH RSHUDWLRQV IRU WXPRUV DOVR FDXVHG PXFK LQWHUHVW

1DWLRQDO &HQWHU RI 2SKWKDOPRORJ\ QDPHG DIWHU DFDGHPLFLDQ =DULID $OL\HYD ZDV SUHVHQWHG DW WKH FRQIHUHQFH

E\ WKH RSKWKDOPRRQFRORJLVW %DOD\HYD 51 DQG RFXORSODVWLF VXUJHRQ +DJYHUGL\HYD 9$ 'U %DOD\HYD 51

SUHVHQWHG WKH UHSRUW ©0HWKRGV RI FRPELQDWLRQ WKHUDS\ RI HQGRFULQH RSKWKDOPRSDWK\´ ZKLFK DWWUDFWHG LQWHUHVW GXH

WR WKH WRSLFDOLW\ RI WKLV SDWKRORJ\

117

2010/ 4

ø1)250$6ø<$

Ź

ȼ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɧɨɹɛɪɹ  ɝɨɞɚ ɫ  ɩɨ  ɧɨɹɛɪɹ ɜ Ƚɪɭɡɢɢ ɜ ɝɨɪɨɞɟ Ɍɛɢɥɢɫɢ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɫɹ ɫɴɟɡɞ

ɨɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɨɜ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɣ ɫ ɸɛɢɥɟɟɦ ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪɚ Ȼɟɪɚɞɡɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɚɧɢɟɣ 6DQWHQ

ɇɚɷɬɨɣɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢɛɵɥɢɡɚɬɪɨɧɭɬɵɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɵɟɬɟɦɵɨɮɬɚɥɶɦɨɥɨɝɢɢɤɚɤɩɨɯɢɪɭɪɝɢɢɬɚɤɢɩɨɬɟɪɚɩɢɢ

ȼ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɛɵɥɢ ɡɚɬɪɨɧɭɬɵ ɬɟɦɵ ɯɢɪɭɪɝɢɢ ɤɚɤ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɚ ɝɥɚɡɚ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɡɚɞɧɢɯ ɨɬɞɟɥɨɜ ɋɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ

Ⱥɡɟɪɛɚɣɞɠɚɧɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɧɨ ɞɜɚ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɩɨ ɷɬɨɣ ɬɟɦɟ Ⱦɪ ɂɫɤɟɧɞɟɪɨɜɚ ɇɚɪɦɢɧɚ ɩɨɞɟɥɢɥɚɫɶ

ɨɩɵɬɨɦ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɢ ɩɥɨɦɛɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɨɬɫɥɨɣɤɟ ɫɟɬɱɚɬɤɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɨ ɢ ɨɩɭɛɥɢɤɨɜɚɧɨ

ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɧɢɤɨɦ ɚɡɟɪɛɚɣɞɠɚɧɫɤɨɣ ɲɤɨɥɵ ɞɨɤɬɨɪɨɦ ɇɢɤɨɥɚɫɨɦ Ʌɚɛɚɭɪɢ ©Ȼɟɫɲɨɜɧɚɹ ɯɢɪɭɪɝɢɹ ɨɬɫɥɨɣɤɢ

ɫɟɬɱɚɬɤɢ ɧɢɠɧɟɝɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɚ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ ɲɧɭɪɨɜɤɢª Ⱦɪ Ƚɭɫɟɣɧɨɜ ɏɚɥɢɥ ɩɨɞɟɥɢɥɫɹ ɨɩɵɬɨɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ

ɨɞɧɨɣ ɞɨɧɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɪɨɝɨɜɢɰɵ ɞɥɹ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɛɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ '0(. ɩɟɪɟɫɚɞɤɢ ɞɟɫɰɟɦɟɬɨɜɨɣ ɨɛɨɥɨɱɤɢ

ɨɞɧɨɦɭ ɛɨɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɢ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɥɚɧɬɚɰɢɹ ɨɫɬɚɜɲɟɣɫɹ ɫɬɪɨɦɵ ɞɪɭɝɨɦɭ ɛɨɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ ɞɪɚ Ɏɟɪɚɪɢ

Ź

2Q  1RYHPEHU  LQ *HRUJLD LQ 7ELOLVL WKH &RQJUHVV RI 2SKWKDOPRORJLVWV GHGLFDWHG WR WKH

DQQLYHUVDU\ RI 3URI %HUDG]H FRQGXFWHG E\ 6DQWHQ FRPSDQ\ WRRN SODFH

$W WKLV FRQIHUHQFH JOREDO LVVXHV RI RSKWKDOPRORJ\ RQ VXUJHU\ DQG WKHUSK\ ZHUH WRXFKHG XSRQ 0DLQO\ VXUJHU\

RI WKH DQWHULRU H\H DQG SRVWHULRU VHFWRUV ZHUH WRXFKHG XSRQ $]HUEDLMDQ PDGH WZR SUHVHQWDWLRQV RQ WKLV WRSLF 'U

,VNHQGHURYD 1DUPLQD VKDUHG WKH H[SHULHQFH RI WKH QHZ PHWKRG RI ¿OOLQJ ZLWK UHWLQDO GHWDFKPHQW WKDW ZDV RIIHUHG

DQG SXEOLVKHG E\ WKH VWXGHQW RI WKH$]HUEDLMDQ 6FKRRO 'U 1LNRODV /DEDXUL ©6HDPOHVV VXUJHU\ RI UHWLQDO GHWDFKPHQW

RI ORZHU SDUW E\ WKH PHWKRG RI VKRHODFHª 'U +XVH\QRY .KDOLO VKDUHG WKH H[SHULHQFH RI XVLQJ RQH GRQRU FRUQHD

IRU VHYHUDO SDWLHQWV E\ '07 PHWKRG GHVFHPHW PHPEUDQH WUDQVSODQWDWLRQ  WR RQH SDWLHQW DQG WUDQVSODQWDWLRQ RI WKH

UHVW RI WKH VWURPD WR DQRWKHU SDWLHQW E\ WKH PHWKRG RI 'U )HUUDUL