1. quantity,types of domestic solid waste ecological problems caused by solid waste

Oxidation Catalysts convert CO and HC to CO2 and water and they also reduce the mass of particulate emissions by oxidising some of the hydrocarbons on the carbon particles. They can work with a low fuel to air ratio, but they don’t reduce NOx, so another device, or even a combination of devices, is required in addition.

3.evaporative emission control
Evaporation of gasoline from the fuel system is potentially a much greater source of airborne hydrocarbons than tailpipe emissions, so modern gasoline vehicles are equipped with fuel systems which are fully closed and designed to maintain a stable fuel tank pressure without allowing vapour to escape to the atmosphere. A canister of activated charcoal absorbs excess fuel vapour which builds up in the system, especially in hot conditions, and holds it until engine operating conditions are suitable to accept a fuel-rich mixture. Then the vapours are purged into the engine intake manifold where they mix with incoming air and are burned in the engine. The canister is then cleared of fuel and ready for further use.

4.what is solid waste management (7 same)
5.reduction of emissions through the use of modern technology
The modern approach to solving the problem of waste is based on the principle of three R:
1.R- to reduce the volume of waste.
2.R- re-used without change in the physical condition.
3.R-involved in recycling through the recycling.
The main goals achieved when involving waste in the recycling process:
1.Reduction of energy and economic costs of production in comparison with products from primary raw materials.
2.Reduction of environmental damage by reducing the extraction of mineral raw materials replaced by waste.
3.Reduction of environmental damage from waste disposal and reduction of alienated land resources.
In Azerbaijan, sorted waste is pressed by special plants into so-called "briquettes", which are sold by a local processing plant.
The production process at this plant consists of two production lines-open-hearth furnaces and boilers. The plant has two open-hearth furnaces and two boilers. Burning waste can reduce the volume of waste for disposal about 10 times, and use the extra energy from combustion for electricity generation or heating. Incineration of household waste is controlled by a special control panel.
6.caspian sea
Russia, Kazakhstan and the Republic of Azerbaijan are responsible for most of the pollution of the Caspian sea due to major industrial and oil operations in the Caspian sea and the rivers flowing into it, in particular the discharge of sewage and industrial waste. Meanwhile, the Republic of Azerbaijan and, indeed, the British company BP, because of its oil activity in the Caspian sea, demonstrate the highest level of pollution. In addition to the daily pollution of the Caspian sea as a result of oil exploration and production in the Republic of Azerbaijan, from time to time, with the occurrence of natural disasters and fires on the oil platforms of Azerbaijan, environmental disasters occur due to oil spills in the Caspian sea. Greenhouse gas emissions are the result of heat engines and combustion of non-recoverable gases. Compared to 2013, nitrogen oxide NOx emissions increased by 26% to 11.179 million. tons, due to a 19% increase in gas fuel consumption, a similar increase in SOx emissions as a result of a 26% increase in diesel fuel use to accelerate logistics operations. The increase in sulphur oxide SOx emissions is due to Shah Deniz platform and sangal dock terminal.
BP also claims that crude oil leaks into the Caspian environment have decreased compared to the same period last year, as eleven oil spills into the Caspian sea were recorded in 2013, accounting for 95% of the total. In the same year, allegedly only 643 liters of oil were released into the environment. BP added that the company reported all cases of hydrocarbon leakage to the Ministry of environment and natural resources and the state oil company (SOCAR) of the Republic of Azerbaijan. On November 7, 2018, President of the Public Union for the protection of the rights of oil sector personnel of the Republic of Azerbaijan Morvarid Gahramanli told VIRTALAZZ website: BP has been fined 1.24 million manats, SOCAR has been fined 500 thousand manats. It is assumed that the equipment of the Baku oil refinery has failed.

7.what is solid waste management
Solid waste management is a term that is used to refer to the process of collecting and treating solid wastes. It also offers solutions for recycling items that do not belong to garbage or trash. As long as people have been living in settlements and residential areas, garbage or solid waste has been an issue. Waste management is all about how solid waste can be changed and used as a valuable resource. Solid waste management should be embraced by each and every household including the business owners across the world. Industrialization has brought a lot of good things and bad things as well. One of the negative effects of industrialization is the creation of solid waste.
According to Britannica, “Solid-waste management, the collecting, treating, and disposing of solid material that is discarded because it has served its purpose or is no longer useful. Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can create unsanitary conditions, and these conditions in turn can lead to pollution of the environment and to outbreaks of vector-borne disease—that is, diseases spread by rodents and insects.”

8.methods of solid waste management (same3)

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1.various sources of solid waste
Everyday, tonnes of solid waste is disposed off at various landfill sites. This waste comes from homes, offices, industries and various other agricultural related activities. These landfill sites produce foul smell if waste is not stored and treated properly. It can pollute the surrounding air and can seriously affect the health of humans, wildlife and our environment. The following are major sources of solid waste: