1 republic of uzbekistan ministry of higher and secondary specialised education

 
Some more peculiarities of using the semantic (lexical) 
gender of nouns in English 
are as follows: traditionally, names of 
oceans, countries, ships, moral qualities and natural objects are 
substituted by the feminine or masculine genders by pronouns “she’’ 
or “he’’. 
Some linguists as John Fell (1784) give the following 
peculiarities of expressing the meanings of gender: 
1)moral qualities, such as wisdom, truth, reason, virtue and religion 
are of the feminine gender substituted by “she”: 
Wisdom (she) virtue (she)
truth (she) religion (she)
justice (she) reason(she)
2) countries, cities, towns, ships are of feminine gender and they are 
substituted by “she’’ 
France
is popular with 
her
neighbours at the moment ;
Poland 
has 
made a steady progress restricting
 her
economy ; I love my 
car.
She
is my greatest passion; I travelled from England to New York on 
the 
Queen Elizabeth
. 
She 
is a great ship. 
3) names of natural phenomena according to their 
qualities of 
amiability, mildness,
power
are substituted by “
he
’’ or “
she
’’ : 
feminine gender masculine gender
the earth mountain
the moon the sun
the nature

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4) 
mind and soul
come from the inner part of a human being. The
 
soul
is the spiritual nature of mankind. The
 mind
is man’s faculty of 
thinking, reasoning and applying knowledge. These two nouns are 
distinguished in the following way: 
feminine gender masculine gender
soul mind
So the analyses of the given above examples show that gender of 
nouns is a lexical or semantic category in English.
Majority of modern Indo-European languages possess lexico-
grammatical category of gender. The category of gender is manifested 
in the ability of nouns to assimilate pronouns and adjectives with their 
forms. In Russian the grammatical category of gender is widely used. 
Every noun has the meaning of gender, that is masculine, feminine and 
neuter. The category of gender in Russian has the formal character with 
nouns denoting concrete and abstract objects, with nouns denoting 
persons or animals, it has a semantic character, for example, звезда, 
месяц, молоко, надежда, любовь, доверие, мать, отец, тетя, дядя. 
Sems of gender, case and number are expressed in affixal morphemes 
of nouns. The morpheme -ем in the noun «месяцем» includes sems of 
objectness, singularity, masculine gender and case, the morpheme «-
ой» in the noun «звездой» includes sems of objectness, singularity, 
feminine gender and case. Comparison of the two affixal morphemes 
clears out that in Russian the difference in gender is expressed 
materially. As we have seen the affixal morpheme -