1 republic of uzbekistan ministry of higher and secondary specialised education

a two-tiered reality 
about language
. The first is the 
langue
, the abstract and invisible layer, 
while the second, the 
parole
, refers to the actual speech that we hear in 
real life. This framework was later adopted by Claude Levi-Strauss, 
who used the two-tiered model to determine the reality of myths. His 
idea was that all myths have an underlying pattern, which form the 
structure that makes them myths. These established the structuralist 
framework to literary criticism. 
Friedrich Wilhelm Christian Karl 
Ferdinand 
von 
Humboldt
(/ˈhʌmboʊlt/,also US: /ˈhʊmboʊlt/, UK: 
/ˈhʌmbɒlt/;German: 
[ˈvɪlhɛlm 
fɔn 
ˈhʊmbɔlt]; 22 June 1767 – 8 April 1835) 
was a Prussian philosopher, linguist, 
government functionary, diplomat, and 
founder of the Humboldt University of 
Berlin, which was named after him in 1949 
(and also after his younger brother, 
Alexander von Humboldt, a naturalist). 
He is especially remembered as a 
linguist who made important contributions to the philosophy of 
language, ethnolinguistics and to the theory and practice of education. 
He made a major contribution to the development of liberalism by 
envisioning education as a means of realizing individual possibility 
rather than a way of drilling traditional ideas into youth to suit them for 
an already established occupation or social role.In particular, he was the 
architect of the Humboldtian education ideal, which was used from the 
beginning in Prussia as a model for its system of public education, as 
well as in the United States and Japan. He was elected as a member of 
the American Philosophical Society in 1822. 
Humboldt was born in Potsdam, Margraviate of Brandenburg, and 
died in Tegel, Province of Brandenburg. In June 1791, he married 

---

320 
Caroline von Dacheröden. They had eight children, of whom five 
(amongst them Gabriele von Humboldt) survived to adulthood. 
Humboldt was a philosopher; he wrote The Limits of State Action 
in 1791–1792 (though it was not published until 1850, after Humboldt's 
death), one of the boldest defences of the liberties of the Enlightenment. 
It influenced John Stuart Mill's essay On Liberty through which von 
Humboldt's ideas became known in the English-speaking world. 
Humboldt outlined an early version of what Mill would later call the 
"harm principle". His house in Rome became a cultural hub, run by 
Caroline von Humboldt. 
The section dealing with education was published in the 
December 1792 issue of the Berlinische Monatsschrift under the title 
"On public state education". With this publication, Humboldt took part 
in the philosophical debate regarding the direction of national education 
that was in progress in Germany, as elsewhere, after the French 
Revolution.