According to the passage, although the correct course of action for cramp is simple, .... the pain caused by it takes a long time to disappear
it is clear that few people remember to follow it
it cannot be applied without the help of another person
barely anyone has ever survived an attack in water
it isn't easy to put into practice
According to the passage, the force of cramp is so great that it is hopeless to try and save a victim
only previous victims can imagine it
rubbing the spot affected is useless
most people affected never go swimming again
it is impossible to move once affected
The author warns readers that one should not attempt to help someone struck by cramp
rescuers should approach a victim head-on
suffering cramp while swimming is almost always fatal
rescuers can be dragged down with the victim
once struck with cramp while swimming, the person must stay still and wait for assistance
18 A "SISSY" OR A "TOM-BOY' In most societies differences in play between boys and girls are not merely expected, but actively encouraged. In our own culture, only very young boys may be allowed to play with their sisters' dolls occasionally without ridicule or remonstrance. And even they are rarely given dolls of their own, although teddies and stuffed animals may be allowed. A seven-year-old boy who enjoys tucking teddies up in cots is likely to be ridiculed if he does it too often. Similarly, girls do enjoy playing with toy cars and train sets, but are rarely given these as presents. Older girls particularly are discouraged from playing boisterous games and may be labelled "torn-boys" if they do not conform to the quieter, gentler, less aggressive activities expected of them. Boys who abstain from rough games, or prefer reading or playing the piano are in danger of being labelled "sissy".