From the details in the passage, Pestalozzi's teaching method could be described as a teacher-centred approach
concentrating on memorization of facts
typical of those described by Charles Dickens
a child-centred approach
typical of those in earlier European and American schools
According to the passage, Pestalozzi believed sporting achievement was more important than academic success
Charles Dickens's description of school children to be wholly inaccurate
children could not perform complex calculations
learning should advance from the practical to the theoretical
that school automatically destroyed the joy of childhood
We learn from the passage that Pestalozzi's methods left children exhausted and looking pale
hindered the normal development of children
were expensive to implement
were quickly adopted by American schools
aroused the interest of educationalists internationally
178 the remains of the queen anne’s revenge For more than two and a half centuries, the final resting place of one of history's most notorious sea vessels remained a mystery. In 1718 the Queen Anne's Revenge, which had been the flagship of the infamous pirate Edward Teach's fleet, was sunk off the Atlantic coast of the American colonies. Teach, known popularly as Blackbeard, escaped from the sinking vessel along with his crew. Legend has it that they were able to save the vast treasures they had accumulated during two years of plundering ships and towns along the Eastern seaboard.
Although the whereabouts of the rumoured treasure remain unknown, marine archaeologists working off the coast of North Carolina discovered what they believed to be the sunken remains of the Queen Anne's Revenge. The hull of the ship apparently settled near where it was reported to have sunk, in water little more than 6 metres deep and less than 2 miles from the coast. The location of the ship had remained undetermined for more than 270 years mostly because of the clutter of other ships at the bottom of the ocean in that area. Since the time of the ship's sinking, literally hundreds of ships had come to rest in the vicinity of the suspected resting place of the Queen Anne's Revenge. The team of marine archaeologists, however, consulted a rare book from 1719 that chronicled the story of the sinking of Blackbeard's notorious ship, which ran aground in 1718 while attempting to enter the Beaufort inlet near North Carolina. The book provided an exact description of the location where the ship went down, and the marine archaeologists were able to locate the ship using that information and a sophisticated device designed to detect large amounts of metal. This device made it possible for the archaeologists to detect the ship's numerous cannons.
In November 1996, after a decade-long process of research and underwater searching, the team finally located the hull of a ship that seemed consistent with known information concerning the design of the Queen Anne's Revenge.