10– laboratoriya ishi hsrp protokolini ipv4 va ipv6 adreslash asosida sozlash ishdan maqsad
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Ishni bajarish tartibi
1. Kompyuterlarga 11.1-rasmda ko‘rsatilgan topologiya bo‘yicha IP manzillarni kiriting. 2. Marshrutizatorning interfeyslariga variant bo‘yicha manzillarni sozlang. Sxemada 4 ta router keltirilgan. Router_1 va Router_4 chegaraviy ELSR - Edge Label Switch Router (gohida ularni chegaraviy hisoblanuvchi PE – Provider Edge Router ham deb atashadi) hisoblanadi. Ular bir tomondan MPLS domeniga paketni kirishida belgilarni “osib qo’yish” (pushing) uchun, boshqa tarafdan esa MPLS domenidan paketni chiqihida belgilarni “yechib olish” (popping) uchun shug’ullanishadi. Router_2 va Router_3 MPLS domenining ichki routerlari hisoblanadi hamda LSR - Label Switch Router (ikkinchi nomlanishi P – Provider Router) deb ataladi. Ular faqatgina bir MPLSdan boshqasiga paketlarni uzatish bilan shug’ullanishadi. Shunday qilib ishga tishamiz. Tarmoqqa kirishga ruhsatni (IP) tashkil etish uchun OSPF (ulani sozlash bo’yicha ushbu №1 va №2 postlarda o’qib olish mumkin) dinamik marshrutizator protokolidan foydalanamiz. Tekshirish uchun xostlar turli xil tarmoqlarda joylashgan. An’anaviy tarmoqqa kirishga ruhsatni sozlashdan boshlaymiz. Router_1 routeriga kiramiz: Topologoyada 4 marshrutizator ko'rsatilgan. Router_1 va Router_4 chekka ELSR - Edge Label Switch Router (ba'zan PE - Provider Edge Router deb ham ataladi). Ular, bir tomondan, paket MPLS domeniga kirganida teglarni "itarish" uchun, ikkinchi tomondan, MPLS domenidan chiqayotganda teglarni "tashlash" bilan shug'ullanadi. Router_2 va Router_3 marshrutizatorlari MPLS domenining ichki routerlari bo'lib, LSR - Label Switch Router (shuningdek, P - Provider Router nomi bilan ham tanilgan) deb ataladi. Ular faqat bitta MPLS routeridan boshqasiga paketlarni uzatish bilan shug'ullanadi. Tarmoq mavjudligini (IP) tashkil qilish uchun OSPF dinamik marshrutlash protokolidan foydalanamiz . Tekshirish uchun xostlar turli tarmoqlarda joylashgan. Router_1 konfiguratsiyasi R1>en
R1(config)#hostname Router_1 R1(config)#int loopback 0 – loopback interfeysini sozlash; Router_1(config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.10 255.255.255.255 Router_1(config-if)#exit Router_1(config)#int fa 0/0 Router_1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 Router_1(config-if)#no sh Router_1(config-if)#exit Router_1(config)#int fa 1/0 Router_1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.252 Router_1(config-if)#no sh Router_1(config-if)#exit Router_1(config)#int fa 2/0 Router_1(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.1 255.255.255.252 Router_1(config-if)#no sh Router_1(config-if)#exit Router_1(config)#router ospf 1 – OSPF dinamik marshrutlash protokolini sozlaymiz; Router_1(config-router)#passive-interface default – OSPF navbatchi paketlarini qaysi interfeyslarga yuborishni tanlaymiz; Router_1(config-router)#no passive-interface fastEthernet 1/0 Router_1(config-router)#no passive-interface fastEthernet 2/0 Router_1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 1 – e'lon qilish uchun tarmoqlarni aniqlaymiz; Router_1(config-router)#network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0 Router_1(config-router)#network 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.3 area 0 Router_1(config-router)#network 10.10.10.10 0.0.0.0 area 0 Router_1(config-router)#exit Router_1(config)#exit Router_1#wr Router_1# Router_2 konfiguratsiyasi R2>en
R3>en
R3(config)#hostname Router_3 Router_3(config)#int loopback 0 Router_3(config-if)#ip address 30.30.30.30 255.255.255.255 Router_3(config-if)#exit Router_3(config)#int fa 0/0 Router_3(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.252 Router_3(config-if)#no sh Router_3(config-if)#exit Router_3(config)#int fa 1/0 Router_3(config-if)#ip address 4.4.4.2 255.255.255.252 Router_3(config-if)#no sh Router_3(config-if)#exit Router_3(config)#router ospf 1 Router_3(config-router)#network 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.3 area 0 Router_3(config-router)#network 4.4.4.0 0.0.0.3 area 0 Router_3(config-router)#network 30.30.30.30 0.0.0.0 area 0 Router_3(config-router)#exit Router_3(config)#exit Router_3#wr Router_3# Router_4 konfiguratsiyasi R4>en R4#conf t R4(config)#hostname Router_4 Router_4(config)#int loopback 0 Router_4(config-if)#ip address 40.40.40.40 255.255.255.255 Router_4(config-if)#exit Router_4(config)#int fa 0/0 Router_4(config-if)#ip address 3.3.3.1 255.255.255.252 Router_4(config-if)#no sh Router_4(config-if)#exit Router_4(config)#int fa 1/0 Router_4(config-if)#ip address 4.4.4.1 255.255.255.252 Router_4(config-if)#no sh Router_4(config-if)#exit Router_4(config)#int fa 2/0 Router_4(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 Router_4(config-if)#no sh Router_4(config-if)#exit Router_4(config)#router ospf 1 Router_4(config-router)#passive-interface default Router_4(config-router)#no passive-interface fastEthernet 0/0 Router_4(config-router)#no passive-interface fastEthernet 1/0 Router_4(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 2 Router_4(config-router)#network 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.3 area 0 Router_4(config-router)#network 4.4.4.0 0.0.0.3 area 0 Router_4(config-router)#network 40.40.40.40 0.0.0.0 area 0 Router_4(config-router)#exit Router_4(config)#exit Router_4#wr Router_4# Tarmoqqa kirishni tekshiramiz. Host_1 dan Host_2 ga ping va tracert ni bajaramiz. Ko’rinib turibdiki, tarmoqqa kirish mavjud. MPLSni sozlashni boshlaymiz. Yana Router_1 ga qaytamiz va quyidagi buyruqlarni kiritamiz: Router_1#conf tRouter_1(config)#ip cef – cisco kompaniyasining 3-darajadagi paketlarni tezlik bilan kommutatsiyalash texnologiyasi (agar u yoqilmagan bo'lsa), Cisco Express Forwarding ni yoqamiz; Router_1(config)#mpls ip – (MPLS) belgilari bo’yicha kommutatsiyalash jarayonini global ravishda yoqamiz; Router_1(config)#mpls label protocol ldp – LSR (ELSR)belgilar o’zaro almashishlari bo’yicha (TDP ham bor, u imtiyozi hisoblanadi) protokolni tanlaimiz; Router_1(config)#mpls ldp router-id loopback 0 – MPLS jarayonida ID router sifatida qaysi interfeys(IP-manzil) olinishini aniqlaymiz; Router_1(config)#int fa 1/0 Router_1(config-if)#mpls ip – MPLS ni interfeysga biriktiramiz; Router_1(config-if)#mpls mtu 1512 –freymlarning (standart o’lchami 1500) fragmentatsiyasidan (bo’linishidan) qochish uchun mtu o’lchamini kattalashtiramiz; Router_1(config-if)#exit Router_1(config)#int fa 2/0 Router_1(config-if)#mpls ip Router_1(config-if)#mpls mtu 1512 Router_1(config-if)#exit Router_1(config)#exit Router_1#wr Router_1# Router_2:konfiguratsiyasi Router_2#conf t Router_2(config)#ip cef Router_2(config)#mpls ip Router_2(config)#mpls label protocol ldp Router_2(config)#mpls ldp router-id loopback 0 Router_2(config)#int fa 0/0 Router_2(config-if)#mpls ip Router_2(config-if)#mpls mtu 1512 Router_2(config-if)#exit Router_2(config)#int fa 1/0 Router_2(config-if)#mpls ip Router_2(config-if)#mpls mtu 1512 Router_2(config-if)#exit Router_2(config)#exit Router_2#wr Router_3: Router_3#conf t Router_3(config)#ip cef Router_3(config)#mpls ip Router_3(config)#mpls label protocol ldp Router_3(config)#mpls ldp router-id loopback 0 Router_3(config)#int fa 0/0 Router_3(config-if)#mpls ip Router_3(config-if)#mpls mtu 1512 Router_3(config-if)#exit Router_3(config)#int fa 1/0 Router_3(config-if)#mpls ip Router_3(config-if)#mpls mtu 1512Router_3(config-if)#exit Router_3(config)#exit Router_3#wr Router_4: Router_4#conf t Router_4(config)#ip cef Router_4(config)#mpls ip Router_4(config)#mpls label protocol ldp Router_4(config)#mpls ldp router-id loopback 0 Router_4(config)#int fa 0/0 Router_4(config-if)#mpls ip Router_4(config-if)#mpls mtu 1512 Router_4(config-if)#exit Router_4(config)#int fa 1/0 Router_4(config-if)#mpls ip Router_4(config-if)#mpls mtu 1512 Router_4(config-if)#exit Router_4(config)#exit Router_4#wr bu yerda: LFIB 1 – jadval (barcha yo’nalishlar belgilangani ko’rinib turibdi) (ldp protokoli bo’yicha “qo’shnilar” 2 – jadvali; (ko’rinib turibdiki, ikkita “qo’shni” ishtirok etmoqda). bu yerda: 1 – jadval belgilar va yo’nalishlar mosligi (qaysi LSR uni keltirgan ma’lumoti bilfn). Tutib olingan paketlardan ICMPni olamiz. Rasmlardan ko’rinib turibdiki, bizda MultiProtocol Label Switching Header belgisi paydo bo’ldi. Unda freymda qo’yiladigan turli ko’rsatkichlar (belgining ahamiyati, yashash davri (ttl) va shunga o’xshash) ko’rsatilgan. Rasmdagi tutib olingan paketlarga yana qarasak, unda LDP paketlarni (hello messages) ham ko’rishimiz mumkin. Bu paketlar routerlar yordamida 224.0.0.2 multikast manzilga tarqatiladi. Nima qildik, birinchi masala muvaffaqiyatli yakunlandi, MPLS bazaviy konfiguratsiya ishlamoqda. Aslida, bu unchalik ham qo’rqinchli emas ekan Yüklə 0,74 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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