A "synchronized" block in Java allows a specific block of code to be synchronized,ensuring that only one thread can execute it at a time. A "synchronized" method applies synchronization to the entire method, making it mutually exclusive for all threads. 36. What is the purpose of the "volatile" keyword in Java? The "volatile" keyword in Java is used to indicate that a variable's value may be modified by multiple threads. It ensures that any read or write operation on the variable is directly performed on the main memory, rather than relying on CPU caches. 37. What is an exception in Java? An exception in Java is an event that occurs during the execution of a program, which disrupts the normal flow of instructions. It represents an error condition or an exceptional circumstance. 38. What is the difference between checked and unchecked exceptions? Checked exceptions are checked at compile-time, and the programmer is required to handle or declare them using the "throws" keyword. Unchecked exceptions, on the other hand, are not checked at compile-time, and the programmer is not obligated to handle or declare them. 39. How do you handle exceptions in Java? Exceptions in Java can be handled using try-catch blocks. The code that may throw an exception is placed inside the try block, and if an exception occurs, it is caught and handled in the catch block. 40. What is the purpose of the "finally" block in exception handling? The "finally" block in Java is used to define a block of code that will be executed regardless of whether an exception occurs or not. It is often used to release resources or perform cleanup operations. 41. What is the difference between the "throw" and "throws" keywords in Java
