Parthenon, but “informed” is not describing the Parthenon. Choice (D) is
correct because “erudite” means knowledgeable, and knowledge would allow
someone viewing the frieze to recognize its unique qualities. Choice (E) is
wrong because this is a question of knowledge, not applying technical, or
“scientific,” skills.
55.
(C).
Choice (A) is wrong because many of its characteristics have in fact
been worked out. Choice (B) is wrong because the passage is not primarily
about artistic interpretation. Choice (C) is correct because “idiosyncratic” is a
synonym for unique, and the frieze is said to be unique in two ways. Choice
(D) is incorrect because only one paragraph discusses the existence of mortals
in the frieze and because this title is much too broad. Choice (E) is a trap: all
sides of the frieze are continuous, not the individual characters.
56.
(D).
Choice (A) is incorrect because the first sentence indicates that the
Parthenon was constructed in the “High Classical Period.” Choice (B) is
incorrect because the same sentence says that the Parthenon was “regarded as
a great architectural and artistic product.” Choice (C) is incorrect because the
frieze is said to have come from the “temple-chamber” of the Parthenon.
Choice (D) is correct because the passage says only that it is “difficult to
study” the frieze because not all of it survives “today” and the surviving parts
are in different locations. This doesn’t necessarily mean that today’s scholars
don’t know what the missing portions looked like at the time of construction
(perhaps drawings of the Parthenon survive, for example). Choice (E) is
incorrect because the frieze is described as “unique” and defined as a
“structural element” of the Parthenon.
57.
(C).
Choice (A) is wrong because the passage only discusses the ways in
which Sandra Cisneros’s work puts the burden on the reader. Choice (B) is
wrong because the passage only discusses a single one of Isabel Allende’s
books. Choice (C) is correct because the second paragraph says that Sandra
Cisneros’s short story collection does have interrelated stories, but they do not
use the same characters or setting in each story. Choice (D) is wrong because
intuition is not discussed as a part of Sandra Cisneros’s writing. Choice (E) is
wrong because the passage does not assess what would make the “best short
story collections.”
58.
(E).
Choice (A) is wrong because while tone is mentioned in relation to
Sandra Cisneros’s work, it is not mentioned in relation to Isabel Allende’s
work. Choice (B) is wrong because while time is mentioned in relation to
Sandra Cisneros’s work, it is not mentioned in relation to Isabel Allende’s
work. Choice (C) is wrong because while similarities in characters are
mentioned in relation to Isabel Allende’s work, they are directly said not to
exist in Sandra Cisneros’s work. Choice (D) is wrong because while setting is
mentioned in relation to Isabel Allende’s work, it is directly said not to exist
in Sandra Cisneros’s work. Therefore, (E) is the correct choice.
59.
(D).
In the first paragraph, the passage states that seals “who sleep on land
at night but spend most of their days in coastal waters” are analogous. None
of the other choices accurately follows the pattern of this analogy. Thus, (D)
is correct.
60.
(C).
The author contrasts the proponent to trained scientists, enumerates
criticisms of the theory, and sides with the critics. Thus, the author is casting
“doubt upon her expertise,” which matches choice (C). Choice (A) is
incorrect because, as a “proponent,” she is not objective by definition. Choice
(B) is not addressed by the passage. Choice (D) is exactly backwards. Choice
(E) brings up an issue that is not mentioned.
61.
(D).
The author states that the Tokugawa period in Japan was a model for
patterns of organization, but “as psychologists, social historians, and Biblical
prophets have all observed, in varying ways, humans inevitably fail to
anticipate unintended consequences.” This qualifies as a “common failing,”
which matches choice (D). Choice (A) is incorrect, as Iceland is only
mentioned briefly as an analogy. Choice (B) is wrong both because the author
does not express a point of view and because the issue is the result of rather
than the imposition of a fixed order. Choice (C) addresses a very minor detail,
not the purpose. Choice (E) is a comparison that the passage does not address
and therefore cannot be inferred.
62.
(C).
The author states that the inversion of the financial and social
rankings led to the decline of Tokugawa society. Choices (A) and (B) are both
incorrect because the passage states that social mobility was prohibited.
Choice (D) is incorrect because the main reason cited for the decline has to do
with specific decisions made by the ruling clan, decisions that had unforeseen
consequences. A drought is an act of nature. Choice (E) is also incorrect;
while the author does mention foreign pressure as leading to the collapse of
the government, the question concerns the decline of the society, which began
long before Admiral Perry’s arrival.
63.
(C).
The author states that unifying Germany under Prussian rather than
Austrian rule made war more likely. Choice (A) is a result of the treaty but the
author does not imply that it was negative. Choice (B) does not relate to the
Treaty. Choice (D) is not mentioned in the passage and thus not correct.
Choice (E) is wrong because it is a distortion
to state that the author thought the Treaty “provided the impetus,” or reason,
for later wars; the author mentions only that the Treaty increased the chances
that war would occur.
64.
(A).
The passage mentions the military brilliance of Prinz Eugen of
Savoy, “an independent territory east of France.” Savoy is not mentioned
among the “major powers” in the prior sentence, so choice (A) must be true
and is correct. Choices (B) and (E) are both incorrect because the author does
not create hierarchies of importance in either case; thus, no particular ranking
must be true. Choices (C) and (D) are incorrect because the passage does not
indicate who won and who lost.
65.
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