A a past problem? B. A double danger C. It’s not too late D. Expert opinion

Vocabulary 1
Select a word from the list that has the most similar meaning to the word on the left. Example: big = large
study = ________
receive = ________
start = ________
talk = ________
pick = ________

attend assemble approach arrive admit announce arrange adjust accept wrap

Vocabulary 2
Complete each definition using a word from the drop down list.
To cover with paper or material is to ________
To improve or change is to ________
To state or make public is to ________
To get somewhere is to ________
To put something together is to ________

awkward ancient ahead adequate articulate alert accurate abroad adult aggressive

Vocabulary 3
Complete each sentence using a word from the drop down list.
More and more people go ________ for their holidays these days.
Drivers need to remain ________ when in charge of a car.
The city has many ________ and interesting buildings.
She’s a highly ________ person who explains things clearly.
He’s a very ________ person – always getting into fights.

line joint command prize mess fright schedule dock mistake stage

Vocabulary 4
Select a word from the list that has the most similar meaning to the word on the left. Example: big = large
timetable = ________
reward = ________
queue = ________
phase = ________
error = ________

bomb audition scissors seat rod classes strings salesman seep minister

Vocabulary 5
Select a word from the list that is most often used with the word on the left. Example: big + house
aerobics + ________
agriculture +  ________
aisle + ________
apron + ________
atom + ________

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Answer Key
Grammar

1. married

2. didn’t
3. would
4. then
5. does
6. lives
7. Would
8. had
9. at
10. were
11. for
12. was going
13. Frankly, I wouldn’t work with him.
14. Could
15. is living
16. On the other hand
17. have
18. needn’t
19. but
20. do
21. (-)
22. The children had been
23. fewer
24. going to
25. wouldn’t






Vocabulary 1

study = read (poor question)

receive = get
start = begin
talk = speak
pick = choose


Vocabulary 2

cover – wrap

improve or change – adjust
state / make public – announce
get somewhere – arrive
put something together – assemble



Vocabulary 3

More and more people go abroad for their holidays these days.

Drivers need to remain alert when in charge of a car.
The city has many ancient and interesting buildings.
She’s a highly articulate person who explains things clearly.
He’s a very aggressive person – always getting into fights





Vocabulary 4

timetable = schedule

reward = prize
queue = line
phase = stage
error = mistake





Vocabulary 5

aerobics + classes

agriculture + minister
aisle + seat
apron + strings
atom + bomb


1. B. A double danger
The United Nations Environment Programme (Unep) has issued a warning about the dangers posed by nitrous oxide, the so-called "laughing gas". In a report presented at global climate talks, Unep says the chemical is now the biggest threat to the ozone layer. It says that thanks to farming and human activities, levels of the gas could double by 2050. If this happens, it could reverse gains made to slow the thinning of the ozone layer and exacerbate global warming.
2. G. Uses and abuses
Nitrous oxide is one of several greenhouse agents which are dubbed "Cinderella' gases, because their contribution passes unnoticed. N2O exists naturally in the atmosphere but agriculture is by far the biggest human source, producing two-thirds of emissions. It is also used in dentistry and surgery as an anaesthetic and a painkiller. It is sometimes used as a recreational drug, called "nozz", and its abuse has been linked to permanent neurological damage and deaths.
3. A. A past problem? 
Now, researchers say that it has emerged as the single biggest threat to the ozone layer since chlorofluorocarbons and other damaging gases were restricted by the Montreal Protocol signed in 1987. The famous "hole" over Antarctica has started to recover as a result of the phasing out of the hair sprays and refrigerants that contained these substances.
4. H. A step in the wrong direction
But according to this new report, if no action is taken, levels of nitrous oxide could increase by 83% from 2005 to 2050. "The continued build-up of N2O in the atmosphere will continue to deplete the stratospheric ozone layer and in so doing will to a degree undermine the achievements of the Montreal Protocol," says the document.
5. F. Another negative effect
Unep's executive director, Achim Steiner, warned that as well as posing a threat to the ozone layer, nitrous oxide has a powerful global warming effect. "It's one of those elements in our modern life that we have not fully understood in terms of its negative impacts. "If we can bring it to the attention of farmers, government and industry, the importance of managing nitrous oxide more efficiently, and the climate benefits - it is a no-regret option," he said. The research underlines the fact that nitrous oxide is the world's third most powerful gas when it comes to global warming potential.
6. D. Expert opinion
Dr Joseph Alcamo is Unep's chief scientist. He told a news conference here in Warsaw that the gas could not be ignored any longer. "Nitrous oxide makes up only 6% of the greenhouse gases but in terms of CO2, it is the equivalent to emitting three [billion tonnes] a year. "This is about 50% of the total amount of emissions from every vehicle in the world."
7. It's not too late
However, the researchers were optimistic that both the warming potential and the danger to the ozone layer could be swiftly curtailed if action was taken, particularly in agriculture. "In the agricultural sector, it comes down to using nitrogen fertiliser more efficiently, a very simple idea, to improve the uptake by crops and livestock," said Dr Alcamo."It has a lot to do with using the right fertiliser, in the right place."