Academic Research in Educational Sciences volume

ADVANCED EXPERIENCE OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION AND EDUCATION IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES

ABSTRACT
In this article, the advanced experience of preschool education and education in foreign countries is studied on the basis of a comparative analysis. Data on the forms and conditions of preschool education in mainly developed Western and Eastern countries are presented. The content of the reforms carried out in the field of pre- school education and training in our country and the views on its effectiveness are also reflected.

Also, special attention is paid to the research carried out on the study of foreign experience in preschool education and education. On its methodological basis, specific opinions are expressed. The role and importance of advanced experience in the education system in ensuring the development of States has been revealed.

Keywords: preschool education and training, regulatory framework, reform, foreign countries, Uzbekistan, Germany, Japan, China, UK, Singapore, Italy, advanced experience, child, generation, mature personnel, perspective, Renaissance, Human Capital, Research, electronic resources.

KIRISH

Maktabgacha ta‘lim tizimi uzluksiz ta‘limning birlamchi, eng asosiy bo‗g‗ini hisoblanadi. Ko‗p yillik ilmiy kuzatish va tadqiqotlar shuni ko‗rsatadiki, inson o‗z umri davomida oladigan barcha informatsiyaning 70 foizini 5 yoshgacha bo‗lgan davrida olar ekan.1, 33-bet Demak, bolalarning sog‗lom va bilimli, yetuk kadr bo‗lib voyaga yetishida maktabgacha ta‘lim va tarbiya muhim o‗rin egallaydi. Shu nuqtai-nazardan mamlakatimizda maktabgacha ta‘lim tizimini isloh qilish borasida bir qancha me‘yoriy-huquqiy asoslar ishlab chiqildi. Davlatimizdagi bolalarni maktabgacha ta‘lim tashkilotlariga qabul qilish qamrovi yildan-yilga oshib bormoqda. Bu ko‗rsatkich 2016 yilda 27,7 foizni tashkil etgan bo‗lsa, 2020 yilga kelib 60 foizga yetdi.2, 325-bet
Bugungi kunda amalga oshirilayotgan islohotlar istiqbolda o‗z mevasini berishi nazarda tutilgan. Shu maqsadda prezidentimiz Sh.M.Mirziyoyev ―Ayni paytda islohotchi bo‗lib maydonga chiqadigan, strategik fikr yuritadigan, bilimli va malakali yangi avlod kadrlarni tarbiyalashimiz zarur. Shu boisdan ham bog‗cha ta‘limining barcha bo‗g‗inlarini izchil isloh qilmoqdamiz‖3, 23-bet-degan edilar.
Davlatimiz rahbari Sh.M.Mirziyoyev tomonidan 2017 yil 16 avgust kuni bo‗lib o‗tgan yig‗ilishda maktabgacha ta‘lim tizimini tarkibiy jihatdan tubdan isloh qilish, mazkur muassasalarga bolalarni to‗la qamrab olish bo‗yicha muhim vazifalar berilgan edi. Bu boradagi tahlillar natijasida qisqa vaqtda prezidentimiz tomonidan 1 ta Farmon, 2 ta Qaror imzolandi. Hamda alohida maktabgacha ta‘lim va tarbiyaning huquqiy asoslarini yanada mustahkaslash uchun ―Maktabgacha ta‘lim va tarbiya to‗g‗risida‖gi qonun hujjati qabul qilindi. Shuningdek maktabgacha ta‘lim uzluksiz ta‘limning birinchi turi sifatida ―Ta‘lim to‗g‗risida‖gi qonunda ham o‗z aksini topdi.

Qabul qilingan bu me‘yoriy-huquqiy hujjatlar faqatgina maktabgacha ta‘lim va tarbiya sohasi faoliyatini huquqiy asoslash yoki himoyalash bilan cheklanmaydi. Bu asoslar uzluksiz ta‘limning eng asosiy tayanch bo‗g‗inini isloh qilishni, rivojlantirishni ta‘minlashga ham xizmat qiladi. Shu nuqtai-nazardan ta‘lim sohasida olib borilayotgan islohotlarda xorijiy tajribalarni o‗rganish, ularning ilg‗or tajribalarini milliy ta‘lim va tarbiya bilan taqqoslash hamda ularning yutuqlarini sohaga moslashtirish orqali joriy etish davr talabi hisoblanadi.