An introduction to immunology and immunopathology

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Table 4 Overview of the defining features of innate 

and adaptive immunity [

1

]

Innate immune system

Adaptive immune 

system

Cells

Hematopoietic cells:

• Macrophages

• Dendritic cells

• Mast cells

• Neutrophils

• Basophils

• Eosinophils

• NK cells

• T cells

Non-hematopoietic cells

• Epithelial cells (skin, 

airways, gastrointestinal 

tract)

Hematopoietic cells:

• T cells

• B cells

Molecules

• Cytokines

• Complement

• Proteins and 

glycoprotein

• Antibodies (Ig)

• Cytokines

Response time

• Immediate

• Delayed by hours to 

days

Immunologic 

memory

• None: responses are 

the same with each 

exposure

• Responsiveness 

enhanced by repeated 

antigen exposure

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Page 14 of 14

Marshall et al. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2018, 14(Suppl 2):49

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Funding

Publication of this supplement has been supported by AstraZeneca, 

Boehringer Ingelheim, CSL Behring Canada Inc., MEDA Pharmaceuticals Ltd., 

Merck Canada Inc., Pfizer Canada Inc., Shire Pharma Canada ULC, Stallergenes 

Greer Canada, Takeda Canada, Teva Canada Innovation, Aralez Tribute and 

Pediapharm.

About this supplement

This article has been published as part of Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology 

Volume 14 Supplement 2, 2018: Practical guide for allergy and immunology in 

Canada 2018. The full contents of the supplement are available online at 

https 

://aacij ourna l.biome dcent ral.com/artic les/suppl ement s/volum e-14-suppl 

ement -2

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Published: 12 September 2018

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Document Outline

• An introduction to immunology and immunopathology
  • Abstract 
  • Background
  • The immune system: innate and adaptive immunity
    • Innate immunity
    • Adaptive immunity
      • T cells and APCs
      • B cells
  • Antibody-mediated vs. cell-mediated immunity
  • Passive vs. active immunization
  • Immunopathology
    • Hypersensitivity reactions
    • Autoimmunity
    • Inflammation
    • Immunodeficiency
  • Conclusion
  • Declarations
  • References