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37
A
MERICAN Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies
www.
 grnjournal.us 
 
I. Legal Framework and International Obligations: 
A fundamental pillar in addressing discrimination within labor relations is a robust legal 
framework that upholds the principles of equality and non-discrimination. In Uzbekistan, the 
Constitution guarantees equal rights and opportunities for all citizens, irrespective of gender or 
disability. Additionally, the country is a signatory to various international conventions, such as 
the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) 
and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), affirming its 
commitment to eradicating discrimination. 
However, despite these legal commitments, challenges persist in translating these principles into 
effective protections for women and people with disabilities within the labor market. 
Discriminatory practices often remain hidden behind subtle biases or inadequate enforcement 
mechanisms. This section of the article will critically analyze the strengths and weaknesses of 
Uzbekistan's legal framework, shedding light on gaps that allow discrimination to persist. 
II. Gender Discrimination in Labour Relations: 
A closer examination of labor relations in Uzbekistan reveals deeply entrenched gender 
disparities that hinder women's full participation and advancement in the workforce. Traditional 
gender roles, cultural norms, and societal expectations have led to a concentration of women in 
lower-paying sectors and limited access to leadership positions. Maternity-related discrimination, 
unequal pay for equal work, and a lack of flexible work arrangements further compound these 
challenges. 
Drawing from empirical research and case studies, this section will delve into the nuanced 
manifestations of gender discrimination within Uzbekistan's labor landscape. By exploring the 
experiences of female workers across diverse sectors, we aim to underscore the urgency of 
dismantling systemic barriers that perpetuate unequal treatment.