References for Volume I of Tobias and Johnston: Veterinary Surgery: Small Animal, ed



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Chapter 52: Fractures of the Humerus




REFERENCES

  1. Anderson MA, Aron D: Repairing humeral and femoral fractures with external skeletal fixation. Vet Med 93:455, 1998.

  2. Anderson T, Carmichael S, Miller A: Intercondylar humeral fracture in the dog: a review of 20 cases. J Small Anim Pract 31:437, 1990.

  3. Aron D, Foutz T, Keller W, et al: Experimental and clinical experience with an IM pin external skeletal fixator tie-in configuration. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 4:86, 1991.

  4. Aron D, Johnson A, Palmer R: Biologic strategies and a balanced concept for repair of highly comminuted long bone fractures. Compend Contin Educ 17:35, 1995.

  5. Bardet J, Hohn R, Rudy R, et al: Fracture of the humerus in the dog and cat: a retrospective study of 130 cases. Vet Surg 12:73, 1983.

  6. Beale B, Hulse D, Schulz K, et al: Arthroscopically assisted surgery of the elbow joint. In Beale B, Hulse D, Schulz K, et al, editors: Small animal arthroscopy, Philadelphia, 2003, Saunders, p 50.

  7. Beck JA, Simpson DJ: Type 1–2 hybrid external fixator with tied-in intramedullary pin for treating comminuted distal humeral fractures in a dog and a cat. Aust Vet J 77:18, 1999. PUBMED Abstract

  8. Brinker WO, Piermattei DL, Flo GL: Fractures of the humerus. In Brinker WO, Piermattei DL, Flo GL, editors: Handbook of small animal orthopaedics, ed 3, Philadelphia, 1997, WB Saunders, p 261.

  9. Budras KD, McCarthy P: Anatomy of the dog: an illustrated text, ed 4, Hanover, 2002, Schlütersche GmbH & Co.

  10. Butterworth SJ, Innes JF: Incomplete humeral condylar fractures in the dog. J Small Anim Pract 42:394, 2001. PUBMED Abstract

  11. Carrera I, Hammond GJ, Sullivan M: Computed tomographic features of incomplete ossification of the canine humeral condyle. Vet Surg 37:226, 2008. PUBMED Abstract

  12. Charles EA, Ness MG, Yeadon R: Failure mode of transcondylar screws used for treatment of incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle in 5 dogs. Vet Surg 38:185, 2009. PUBMED Abstract

  13. Cockett PA, Clayton Jones DG: The incidence of humeral condylar fractures in the dog: a survey of seventy-nine cases. J Small Anim Pract 26:437, 1985.

  14. Cook JL, Tomlinson JL, Reed AL: Fluoroscopically guided closed reduction and internal fixation of fractures of the lateral portion of the humeral condyle: prospective clinical study of the technique and results in ten dogs. Vet Surg 28:315, 1999. PUBMED Abstract

  15. Davidson JR, Kerwin SC, Millis DL: Rehabilitation for the orthopedic patient. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 35:1357, 2005. PUBMED Abstract

  16. Dejardin L, Bennett R, Flo G: Salter Harris type III fracture of the proximal humerus in a dog. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 8:66, 1995.

  17. Denny H: Condylar fracture of the humerus in the dog: a review of 133 cases. J Small Anim Pract 24:185, 1983.

  18. Denny H, Butterworth SJ: The humerus. In A guide to canine and feline orthopedic surgery, ed 4, Malden, MA, 2000, Blackwell Science.

  19. Dueland R: Triceps tenotomy approach for distal fractures of the canine humerus. J Am Vet Med Assoc 165:82, 1974. PUBMED Abstract

  20. Dueland RT, Johnson KA, Roe SC, et al: Interlocking nail treatment of diaphyseal long-bone fractures in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 214:59, 1999. PUBMED Abstract

  21. Duhautois B: Use of veterinary interlocking nails for diaphyseal fractures in dogs and cats: 121 cases. Vet Surg 32:8, 2003. PUBMED Abstract

  22. Durrall I, Diaz M, Morales I: Interlocking nail stabilisation of humeral fractures: initial experience in seven clinical cases. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 7:3, 1994.

  23. Egger E, Runyon C, Ribb D: Use of type-I double connecting bar configuration of external skeletal fixation on long bone fractures in dogs: a review of 10 cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 22:57, 1986.

  24. Evans HE: Miller’s anatomy of the dog, ed 3, Philadelphia, 1993, Saunders.

  25. Ferguson JF: Fracture of the humerus after cancellous bone graft harvesting in a dog. J Small Anim Pract 37:232, 1996. PUBMED Abstract

  26. Fitzpatrick N, Smith TJ, O’Riordan J, et al: Treatment of incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle with autogenous bone grafting techniques. Vet Surg 38:173, 2009. PUBMED Abstract

  27. Gabriel P, Pfeil A, Ludewig E, et al: Magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis: incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle in a German shepherd dog. J Small Anim Pract 50:92, 2009. PUBMED Abstract

  28. Gnudi G, Martini FM, Zanichelli S, et al: Incomplete humeral condylar fracture in two English Pointer dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 18:243, 2005. PUBMED Abstract

  29. Gordon W, Besancon M, Conzemius M, et al: Frequency of post-traumatic osteoarthritis in dogs after repair of a humeral condylar fracture. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 16:1, 2003.

  30. Griffiths I, Duncan I: The use of electromyography and nerve conduction studies in the evaluation of lower motor neurone disease or injury. J Small Anim Pract 19:329, 2009.

  31. Guerin SR, Lewis DD, Lanz OI, et al: Comminuted supracondylar humeral fractures repaired with a modified type I external skeletal fixator construct. J Small Anim Pract 39:525, 1998. PUBMED Abstract

  32. Guille AE, Lewis DD, Anderson TP, et al: Evaluation of surgical repair of humeral condylar fractures using self-compressing orthofix pins in 23 dogs. Vet Surg 33:314, 2004. PUBMED Abstract

  33. Halling KB, Lewis DD, Cross AR, et al: Complication rate and factors affecting outcome of olecranon osteotomies repaired with pin and tension-band fixation in dogs. Can Vet J 43:528, 2002. PUBMED Abstract

  34. Harari J, Roe SC, Johnson A, et al: Medial plating for repair of middle and distal diaphyseal fractures of the humerus in dogs. Vet Surg 15:45, 1986.

  35. Hare WC: The ages at which the centers of ossification appear roentgenographically in the limb bones of the dog. Am J Vet Res 22:825, 1961. PUBMED Abstract

  36. Hattersley R, McKee W, O’Neil T, et al: Incidence of post-operative complications following the surgical management of incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle in the dog. Vet Surg June 23, 2011. [E pub ahead of print.]

  37. Hill FW: A survey of bone fractures in the cat. J Small Anim Pract 18:457, 1977. PUBMED Abstract

  38. Holt PE: Pectoral limb fractures. In Whittick WG, editor: Canine orthopaedics, ed 2, Philadelphia, 1990, Lea and Febiger, p 357.

  39. Howard PE: Principles of intramedullary pin and wire fixation. Semin Vet Med Surg (Small Anim) 6:52, 1991. PUBMED Abstract

  40. Hulse D, Hyman W, Nori M, et al: Reduction in plate strain by addition of an intramedullary pin. Vet Surg 26:451, 1997. PUBMED Abstract

  41. Jackson D: Thoracic limb. In Bojrab M, editor: Current techniques in small animal surgery, ed 2, Philadelphia, 1983, Lea & Febiger, p 674.

  42. Johnson J, Austin C, Breur GJ: Incidence of canine appendicular musculoskeletal disorders in 16 veterinary teaching hospitals from 1980 through 1989. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 7:56, 1994.

  43. Kantrowitz B, Smeak D, Vannini R: Radiographic appearance of ring sequestrum with pin tract osteomyelitis in the dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 24:461, 1988.

  44. King SJ: Repair of femoral and humeral fractures of small animals by closed reduction intramedullary pinning. Aust Vet J 46:227, 1970. PUBMED Abstract

  45. Klause S, Schwarz P, Egger E, et al: A modification of the unilateral type 1 ESF configuration for primary or secondary support of supracondylar humeral or femoral fractures. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 3:130, 1990.

  46. Langley-Hobbs SJ, Ball S, McKee W: Transverse stress fractrues of the proximal tibia in 10 cats with non-union patellar fractures. Vet Rec 164:425, 2009. PUBMED Abstract

  47. Langley-Hobbs SJ, Carmichael S, McCartney WT: External skeletal fixation for stabilisation of comminuted humeral fractures in cats. J Small Anim Pract 38:280, 1997. PUBMED Abstract

  48. Langley-Hobbs SJ, Carmichael S, Pead MJ, et al: Management of antebrachial deformity and shortening secondary to a synostosis in a dog. J Small Anim Pract 37:359, 1996. PUBMED Abstract

  49. Langley-Hobbs SJ, Straw M: The feline humerus: an anatomical study with relevance to external skeletal fixator and intramedullary pin placement. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 18:1, 2005. PUBMED Abstract

  50. Lefebvre JB, Robertson TR, Baines SJ, et al: Assessment of humeral length in dogs after repair of Salter-Harris type IV fracture of the lateral part of the humeral condyle. Vet Surg 37:545, 2008. PUBMED Abstract

  51. Lewis DD, Elkins A, Oakes M: Repair of a Salter Harris IV physeal fracture of the humeral condyle in a Chow-Chow using a cannulated screw. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 4:140, 1991.

  52. Macias C, Gibbons SE, McKee WM: Y-T humeral fractures with supracondylar comminution in five cats. J Small Anim Pract 47:89, 2006. PUBMED Abstract

  53. Manley P, Henry W, Wilson J: Disease of the epiphyses. In Whittick WG, editor: Canine orthopaedics, ed 2, Philadelphia, 1990, Lea and Febiger, p 597.

  54. Marcellin-Little D: Incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle in dogs. In Bonagura JD, editor: Kirk’s current veterinary therapy, ed 13, Philadelphia, 1999, WB Saunders, p 1000.

  55. Marcellin-Little DJ, DeYoung DJ, Ferris KK, et al: Incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle in spaniels. Vet Surg 23:475, 1994. PUBMED Abstract

  56. Marti J, Miller A: Delimitation of safe corridors for the insertion of external fixator pins in the dog. 2: Forelimb. J Small Anim Pract 35:78, 1994.

  57. McKee WM, Macias C, Innes JF: Bilateral fixation of Y-T humeral condyle fractures via medial and lateral approaches in 29 dogs. J Small Anim Pract 46:217, 2005. PUBMED Abstract

  58. Meyer-Lindenberg A, Heinen V, Fehr M, et al: Incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle as the cause of lameness in dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 15:187, 2002.

  59. Morgan OD, Reetz JA, Brown DC, et al: Complication rate, outcome, and risk factors associated with surgical repair of fractures of the lateral aspect of the humeral condyle in dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 21:400, 2008. PUBMED Abstract

  60. Morshead D, Stambaugh J: Kirschner wire fixation of lateral humeral condylar fracture in small dogs. Vet Surg 13:1, 1984.

  61. Moses PA, Lewis DD, Lanz OI, et al: Intramedullary interlocking nail stabilisation of 21 humeral fractures in 19 dogs and one cat. Aust Vet J 80:336, 2002. PUBMED Abstract

  62. Mostosky U, Cholvin N, Brinker W: Transolecranon approach to the elbow joint. Vet Med 54:560, 1959.

  63. Ness M, Abercromby R, May C, et al: A survey of orthopaedic conditions in small animal veterinary practice in Britain. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 9:43, 1996.

  64. Nunamaker D: Fractures of the humerus. In Nunamaker D, Newton C, editors: Textbook of small animal orthopaedics, Philadelphia, 1985, JB Lippincott.

  65. Palmer RH, Aron DN, Chambers JN: A combined tension band and lag screw technique for fixation of olecranon osteotomies. Vet Surg 17:328, 1988. PUBMED Abstract

  66. Paster ER, Biery DN, Lawler DF, et al: Un-united medial epicondyle of the humerus: radiographic prevalence and association with elbow osteoarthritis in a cohort of Labrador Retrievers. Vet Surg 38:169, 2009. PUBMED Abstract

  67. Payne JT, Braun WF, Anderson DE, et al: Articular fractures of the distal portion of the humerus in Vietnamese pot-bellied pigs: six cases (1988–1992). J Am Vet Med Assoc 206:59, 1995. PUBMED Abstract

  68. Phillips IR: A survey of bone fractures in the dog and cat. J Small Anim Pract 20:661, 1979. PUBMED Abstract

  69. Piermattei DL, Flo GL, Camp CE: Brinker, Piermattei, and Flo’s handbook of small animal orthopaedics and fracture repair, ed 4, St Louis, 2006, Saunders Elsevier, p 297.

  70. Piermattei D, Johnson KA: An atlas of surgical approaches to the bones and joints of the dog and cat, ed 4, Philadelphia, 2004, Saunders.

  71. Prieur W: Management of growth plate injuries in puppies and kittens. J Small Anim Pract 30:631, 1989.

  72. Reems MR, Beale BS, Hulse DA: Use of a plate-rod construct and principles of biological osteosynthesis for repair of diaphyseal fractures in dogs and cats: 47 cases (1994–2001). J Am Vet Med Assoc 223:330, 2003. PUBMED Abstract

  73. Robin D, Marcellin-Little DJ: Incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle in two Labrador retrievers. J Small Anim Pract 42:231, 2001. PUBMED Abstract

  74. Rorvik A: Risk factors for humeral condylar fractures in the dog: a retrospective study. J Small Anim Pract 34:277, 1993.

  75. Rovesti GL, Fluckiger M, Margini A, et al: Fragmented coronoid process and incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle in a Rottweiler. Vet Surg 27:354, 1998. PUBMED Abstract

  76. Salter R, Harris W: Injury involving the epiphyseal plate. J Bone Joint Surg 45:587, 1963.

  77. Samii VF, Hornof WJ: Incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle in Vietnamese pot-bellied pigs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 41:147, 2000. PUBMED Abstract

  78. Sarrau S, Meige F, Autefage A: Treatment of femoral and tibial fractures in puppies by elastic plate osteosynthesis: a review of 17 cases. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 20:51, 2007. PUBMED Abstract

  79. Schebitz H, Wilkens H: Atlas of radiographic anatomy of the dog and cat, ed 4, Berlin/Hamburg, 1986, Paul Parey Scientific Publishers. PUBMED Abstract

  80. Selcer B, Buttrick M, Barstad R, et al: The incidence of thoracic trauma in dogs with skeletal injury. J Small Anim Pract 28:1, 1987.

  81. Simpson AM: Fractures of the humerus. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract 19:120, 2004. PUBMED Abstract

  82. Sissener TR, Jones E, Langley-Hobbs SJ: Effects of three intramedullary pinning techniques on pin location and articular damage in the canine humerus. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 18:153, 2005. PUBMED Abstract

  83. Smith GK: Biomechanics pertinent to fracture etiology, reduction and fixation. In Newton C, Nunamaker D, editors: Textbook of small animal orthopedics, Philadelphia, 1985, JB Lippincott, p 195.

  84. Smith RN: Fusion of ossification centres in the cat. J Small Anim Pract 10:523, 1969. PUBMED Abstract

  85. Sturgeon C, Wilson A, McGuigan P, et al: Triceps tenotomy and double plate stabilisation of Y-T fracture of the humeral condyle in three dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 13:34, 2000.

  86. Sumner-Smith G: Observations on epiphyseal fusion in the canine appendicular skeleton. J Small Anim Pract 7:303, 1966. PUBMED Abstract

  87. Tomlinson JL: Fractures of the humerus. In Slatter D, editor: Textbook of small animal surgery, ed 3, Philadelphia, 2003, Saunders Elsevier, p 1905.

  88. Turner T: Fractures of the proximal humerus. In Johnson A, Houlton JEF, Vannini R, editors: AO principles of fracture management in the dog and cat, Stuttgart, 2005, Thieme, p 201.

  89. Turner TM, Hohn RB: Craniolateral approach to the canine elbow for repair of condylar fractures or joint exploration. J Am Vet Med Assoc 176:1264, 1980. PUBMED Abstract

  90. Vannini R, Olmstead M, Smeak D: Humeral condylar fracture caused by minor trauma in 20 adult dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 24:355, 1988.

  91. Vannini R, Smeak D, Olmstead M: Evaluation of surgical repair of 135 distal humeral fractures in dogs and cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 24:537, 1988.

  92. Voss K, Langley-Hobbs SJ, Montavon P: Humerus. In Montavon P, Voss K, Langley-Hobbs SJ, editors: Feline orthopedic surgery and musculoskeletal disease, Edinburgh, 2009, Saunders, p 343.

  93. Wallace MK, Berg J: Craniolateral approach to the humerus with transection of the brachialis muscle. Vet Surg 20:97, 1991. PUBMED Abstract

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