Basic Computer Hardware and Software
tarix 21.12.2023 ölçüsü 6,38 Kb. #188270
Computer Hardware and Software
Basic Computer Hardware and Software. Guruh: 082-22 Bajardi: Umirbayev Ilnur Input Devices Input Devices: devices that input information into the computer such as a keyboard, mouse, scanner, and digital camera. Output Devices Output: devices that output information from the computer such as a printer and monitor. Computer Hardware would include all the parts of a computer. Computer Software includes the programs that are installed.. Or the instructions for completing tasks. Central Processing Unit CPU (Central Processing Unit) also called the Microprocessor or “The Brain” of the Computer. Processor speed: The speed at which a microprocessor executes instructions. This is usually measured in megahertz (MHz). Brands of Processors include: Pentium Celeron MAC AMD Cyrix Central Processing Unit Computer chip: also called the microprocessor may contain an entire processing unit. Computer chips contain millions of transistors. They are small pieces of semi-conducting material (silicon). An integrated circuit is embedded in the silicon. Computers are made of many chips on a circuit board. Data Storage Devices The hard-drive is a mechanical storage device typically located internally. Fast recording and recovery of data Large storage capacity Magnetic Primary storage device for data and programs Speed is measured in R.P.M.’s (Revolutions per minute) Data Storage Devices (cont’d) Data Storage Devices (cont’d) Floppy diskette is magnetic storage device for small amounts of data (1.44MB). FLASH drive is a compact and portable electronic storage device. USB (plug and play) supported Computer Memory RAM (random access memory ) stores data that is processing. This type of memory is erased when the computer is turned off. ROM (read only memory ) contains special instructions for the computer to operate. Cache memory increases the speed of the processor by recording and anticipating instructions. Graphic User Interface (GUI) GUI (Graphic User Interface) is a set of images and icons seen on the desktop used to operate a program. The GUI makes the programs loaded on the computer easier to access and use. Basic Windows GUI Icons are small pictures that represent files, commands , or windows. Windows is a GUI operating system. Video Cards Video cards plug into the motherboard and are used to display video. VRAM is video memory that enhances the refreshment rate of the image. Video cards have chipsets that can increase the speed of video display. Ports are an interface between the computer and another peripheral device such as a disk drive, mouse, printer, modem, monitor, camera, FLASH drive or keyboard. Examples : Serial Parallel hot-wire USB Ports and Peripherals Peripherals are devices that plug into a computer and are not housed internally. Examples : Printers Scanners Cameras LAN and WAN LAN: are networks usually in the same company or building. The Local Area Network is connected via telephone lines or radio waves. Most LANs connect workstations. WAN: are systems of LANs that are connected. (Wide-area network) Bandwidth and Baud Rate Bandwidth is how much information can be carried in a given time period (usually a second) over a wired or wireless communications link. Baud rate is the rate at which information is transferred in a communication channel. The End Dostları ilə paylaş: