Basics of scientific research

Casual Speech Style

This is an informal communication between groups and peers. Casual style is used in conversation between friends and insiders who have something to share and have shared background information but don’t have close relations.
Casual speech is characterized by slang meanings or expressions that are easily understood by the communicators without being given too much information.
For instance, among friends, when one says “Hey, I saw your best friend a while ago” in a teasing manner and the listener replies sarcastically, it is most likely that the speaker is referring to the other person’s enemy.
EXAMPLES: phone calls, everyday conversation with friends, chats, inside jokes of friends, etc.

Consultative Speech Style

This is used in semi-formal communication, sentences end to be shorter and spontaneous, the speaker does not usually plan what he/she wants to say, most operational among others.
Unlike the formal and frozen styles of speech, the level of communication making use of the consultative style involves cooperation but does not necessarily require involvement. This means that the listeners are involved in meaning-making by being allowed to give feedback.
For instance, if the information presented by the speaker is insufficient or unclear, the listener may ask for elaborations or clarifications. On the other hand, if there is too much information, the listener may say, “I know” or “I understand” to imply that the speaker need not elaborate. The consultative style is the standard or most commonly used style in everyday conversations.
According to Joos, communication using the consultative style is automatic, since the speaker does not prepare what he is going to say more than three seconds beforehand and that the listener can interrupt the speaker at any time. Conversations between strangers, teachers and students, doctors and patients make use of the consultative style.
EXAMPLES: regular classroom discussions, doctor-patient, etc.
These styles are important in speech-making because it will help you choose the appropriate approach for specific events. Picking the correct speech prevents misunderstanding and conflicts.