Buxoro davlat universiteti

Garri Potter. Asarda Garri Potter obrazi markaziy o`rinni egallaydi, buni kitobning yetti qismi ham Garri Potter nomi bilan boshlanishidan bilib olish qiyin emas. Garri Potter chaqaloqligidayoq ota-onasidan yetim qolgan sehrgar bola. Ammo sehrgarlarni jini suymaydigan xolasi Petunya va uning eri Vernon Dursllar qo`lida tarbiya topgan Garri o`n bir yoshigacha o`zining bunday qobiliyati borligidan butunlay bexabar edi. Yozuvchi uni qora sochli, ozg`indan kelgan, doim ko`zoynak taqib yuradigan oddiy bola sifatida tanishtiradi, lekin uni boshqalardan biroz bo`lsa-da ajratib turadigan va o`ziga ham eng yoqadigan belgisi bo`lib, bu ham bo`lsa peshonasidagi yashin zigzagiga o`xshash chandig`idir.

Harry had a thin face, knobbly knees, black hair and bright-green eyes. He wore round glasses held together with a lot of Sellotape because of all the times Dudley had punched him on the nose. The only thing Harry liked about his own appearance was a very thin scar on his forehead which was shaped like a bolt of lightning. ¹

Dursllar o`z bolalari Dudlini qancha yaxshi ko`rib erkalatishsa, Garrini shunchalik yoqtirishmay, turtkilashardi. Shuning uchun Garri juda kamtar-kamsuqum bola bo`lib o`sdi. O`n bir yoshida Hogvarts sehrgarlik va afsungarlik maktabiga qabul qilingach, o`qishga borgan Garri sehrgarlar dunyosida juda mashhur ekanligidan xabar topadi. To`satdan kelgan mashhurlik Garrini dovdiratib qo`ymaydi, aksincha unga bunday mashhurlik umuman yoqmaydi. Masalan, ikkinchi kitob “Garri Potter va maxfiy xona”da Garrining muxlisi bo`lgan birinchi bosqich o`quvchisi Kolin Kriv doim Garrini maqtab, har qanday vaziyatda uni suratga olishga harakat qiladi. Ammo hech qachon mashhurlikka intilmagan Garriga bu sira yoqmaydi. Bir necha marotaba Voldemort ustidan g`alaba qozongan, asar so`ngida uni butunlay mahv etib, sehrgarlar dunyosida tinchlik o`rnatgan Garri hech qachon o`z yutuqlarini tilga olmaydi.

‘Harry Potter is humble and modest,’ said Dobby reverently, his orb-like eyes aglow. ‘Harry Potter speaks not of his triumph over He Who Must Not Be Named.’¹

Aynan shu kitobda Garrining kamtarligi qora kuchlardan himoya fanining yangi o`qituvchisi Gilderoy Lokhartning manmanligi bilan qiyoslanadi. Professor Lokhart har bir gapda o`zini maqtab, qo`lga kiritgan yutuqlarini eslatib o`tsa, Garri biror marotaba o`zini maqtash tugul, unga aytilgan maqtovlarni eshitganda xuddi biror yomon ish yuz berganday uyatdan qizarib ketadi.

‘You could’ve fried an egg on your face’ said Ron. ‘You’d better hope Creevey doesn’t meet Ginny, they’ll be starting a Harry Potter fan club.’

‘Shut up,’ snapped Harry. The last thing he needed was for Lockhart to hear the phrase ‘Harry Potter fan club’.²

O`n bir yoshda maktabga kelganda qay darajada kamtar bo`lsa, Garri voyaga yetganda ham xuddi o`shanday kamtar-kamsuqumligicha qoladi.

Garri Potter obrazi ijobiy qahramon bo`lib, u qalbi toza, atrofdagilarga, ayniqsa, do`stlarga juda mehribon va kezi kelganda ular uchun jonini berishga ham tayyor. Albus Dambldor Garrining shu xususiyati uchun uni juda hurmat qiladi va qadrlaydi.

‘You are protected, in short, by your ability to love!’ said Dumbledore loudly. ‘The only protection that can possibly work against the lure of power like Voldemort’s! In spite of all the temptation you have endured, all the suffering, you remain pure of heart, just as pure as you were at the age of eleven, when you stared into a mirror that reflected your heart’s desire, and it showed you only the way to thwart Lord Voldemort, and not immortality or riches.’¹

Va aynan mana shu xususiyati uni Voldemort ustidan g`alaba qozonishga yordam bergan omillardan biri bo`ldi.

Bolalar tabiatan qiziquvchan qilib yaratilishgan, ularni biror narsa qiziqtirib qolsa, toki uning yechimini topmaguncha tinib-tinchimaydilar. Xuddi shu xususiyatni Garri Potterda ham uchratish mumkin. Hogvartsga qadam qo`ygan kunidan boshlab, u uchun yangilik bo`lgan bu olamning hamma narsasi Garriga qiziq tuyular edi. Unga qiziq tuyulgan voqealar, savollarga esa har doim javob topishga intilardi.

Harry hesitated, thinking ... and then his curiosity got the better of him.²

Harry felt as though he ought to go, but his curiosity held him in his chair.³

Harry gazed at the Pensieve, curiosity welling inside him ...what was it that Snape was so keen to hide from Harry?⁴

Bu intilish uni ko`p hollarda xavfli vaziyatlarga tushurib qo`ysa-da, aynan qiziquvchanlik Garrining aqlini charxlab, sehrgarlik tajribasining ortishiga yordam beradi. Asar voqealari rivojida Garrining qiziquvchanligi asosiy o`rin egallaydi, chunki Garri o`zini qiziqtirgan sirlar ortida nima yashiringanini bilish uchun ko`p sarguzashtlarni boshidan kechiradi va aynan shu sirlar uni har safar Voldemort bilan to`qnash keltiradi. Garri qiziquvchanligi sabab birinchi kitobda falsafa toshining yovuz lord qo`liga tushishidan asrab qoladi, ikkinchi kitobda esa Hogvartsda sodir bo`lgan mudhish voqealar sababini topadi, do`sti Hagridni tuhmatdan saqlab qolib, Ronning singlisi Jinini o`limdan qutqaradi. Shunday qilib, har safar Hogvarts va sehrgarlar dunyosida yashiringan sirlar ortidagi yovuzlik Garri va uning qiziquvchanligi sabab o`z yechimini topadi.

Rouling Garri obrazining yanada ishonarliroq, shuningdek, bolalar va o`smirlar tabiatiga yaqinroq bo`lishi uchun uni qusurlardan xoli, hech qachon xatoga yo`l qo`ymaydigan qahramon qilib tasvirlamaydi. Kezi kelganda u ham kichik xatolarga yo`l qo`yadi, qiziqishi ustunlik qilib, o`rnatilgan tartiblarni son-sanoqsiz marta buzadi. Buning oqibatida esa ba’zi paytlarda jazoga tortilsa, ba’zi paytlarda mudhish voqealarning oldini olgani uchun mukofotlanadi. Aslida u qonun-qoidalarni shunchaki sho`xlik qilib yoki mensimaganligi uchun emas, vaziyat aynan shuni taqozo etgani uchun buzishga majbur bo`ladi.

Garri obrazining o`ziga xos xususiyatlaridan yana biri uning jasurligidr. Garri hatto mushkul vaziyatlarda ham o`zini yo`qotib qo`ymay, xavfga tik boqadi. Xuddi shuning uchun saralovchi qalpoq Garrini Griffindor kollejiga tayinladi. Griffindor kollejining ramzi sher bo`lib, u mardlik va jasorat nishonasi hisoblanardi.

You might belong in Gryffindor,

Where dwell the brave at heart,

Their daring, nerve and chivalry

Set Gryffindors apart;¹

Har qanday bolalar asarlarida, ayniqsa, sarguzashtga boy kitoblarda bosh qahramondan talab etiladigan xususiyat bu jasurlikdir. Faqatgina qo`rqmas va jasoratli qahramonlargina sarguzashtlar izidan borishadi. Agar Garrining qahramoni tavakkal qilmaydigan, jazoga tortilish xavfi bo`lganda faqat o`zini o`ylab, yovuzlikka qarshi kurashmaganda hech qachon kitobxon bolalar qalbida o`ziga nisbatan mehr uyg`ota olmas edi.

Garri kuchli obrazlardan biri, uning kuchi faqat sehrgarlik qobiliyatida emas, balki uning ruhiyati hamda irodasida. Chaqaloqligida ota-onasidan ayrilib, keyin esa cho`qintirgan otasi Sirius Blek, Remus Lupin va Albus Dambldordek yaqin insonlarini yo`qotish musibati Garri shaxsiyatining yanada kuchli bo`lishiga xizmat qildi. Hatto o`lim xavfiga duch kelganda ham, uning irodasini hech nima buka olmaydi. Birinchi marta o`n bir yoshida Voldemort bilan yuzma-yuz kelib, hayotiga o`lim xavf solgan vaziyatda ham Garri hali bola ekaniga va yovuz lord uni o`ldirishi muqarrarligiga qaramay, falsafa toshini himoya qiladi.

Asar davomida yozuvchi ezgulik tarafdori bo`lgan Garri va yovuz lord Voldemort obrazlarining bir-biriga o`xshash taraflarini tasvirlab boradi. Voldemortni yengadigan bola tug`ilganini eshitgan lord uni izlashga tushadi. Aslida aytilgan sanada ikkita chaqaloq tug`ilgan edi: biri Garri Potter, ikkinchisi esa Nevil Longbottom. Ammo Voldemort hech ikkilanmay bu bolaning Garri ekaniga ishonib, uni o`ldirish payiga tushadi. Sababi u Garrida o`ziga o`xshash jihatni ko`radi: ularning ikkalasi ham yarim-qonli (chala zot) sehrgarlar edi. Voldemort qarg`ishidan omon qolgan Garrida keyinroq uning qobiliyatlari namoyon bo`la boshlaydi. Ammo ularning yovuzlik va ezgulik tarafida ekanlaridan tashqari ikki asosiy jihat Garri va Voldemortni ajratib turardi. Birinchisi, Garrining qalbida Voldemort hech qachon his qilmagan mehr-muhabbat tuyg`ulari bor edi:

‘So, when the prophecy says that I’ll have “power the Dark Lord knows not”, it just means – love?’ asked Harry, feeling a little let down.

‘Yes – just love,’ said Dumbledore.¹

Ikkinchidan esa, butun umri davomida abadiy tirik qolishga harakat qilgan Voldemortdan farq qilgan holda Garri o`limdan qo`rqmasligi, aksincha, yaqinlarining omon qolishi uchun u hatto o`limga ham rozi bo`lardi.

‘You won’t be able to kill any of them, ever again. Don’t you get it? I was ready to die to stop you hurting these people –’

‘But you did not!’

‘– I meant to, and that’s what did it. I’ve done what my mother did. ²

Garridagi aynan mana shu ikki xususiyat Voldemortning mag`lubiyatiga sabab bo`ldi.