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CEFR READING PART PRACTICE – MATCHING HEADINGS
Read the text and put headings from the statements A-H.
There is
one
TASK 4
HEADINGS:
A) Simulating a natural environment
B) Demands on space and energy are reduced
C) The plans for future homes
D) Underground living accommodation
E) Some buildings do not require natural light
F) Developing underground services
G) Homes sold before completion
H) An underground home is discovered
1. The first anybody knew about Dutchman Franck Siegmund and his family was when workmen tramping through
a field found a narrow steel chimney protruding from the glass. Closer inspection revealed a chink of sky-light
window among the thistles, and when amazed investigators moved down the side of the hill they came across a pine
door complete with leaded diamond glass and a brass knocker set into an underground building. The Siegmund had
managed to live undetected for six years outside the border-town of Breda, in Holland. There are the latest in a
clutch of individualistic homemakers who have burrowed underground in search of tranquillity.
2. Most have been forced to dismantle their individualistic homes and return to more conventional lifestyles. But a
Dutch-style houses are about to become respectable and chic. The foundations had yet to be dug, but customers
queued up to buy the unusual part-submerged houses, whose back wall consists of a grassy mound and whose front
is a long grass gallery.
3. The Dutch are not the only would-be moles. Growing numbers of Europeans are burrowing below ground to
create houses, offices, discos and shopping malls. It is already proving a way of life in extreme climates; in winter
months in Montreal, Canada, for instance, citizens can escape the cold in an underground complex complete with
shops and even health clinics. In Tokyo builders are planning a massive underground city to be begun in the next
decade, and underground shopping malls are already common in Japan, where 90 percent of the population is
squeezed into 20 percent of the landscape.
4. Building big commercial buildings underground can be a way to avoid threatening a beautiful and
‘environmentally sensitive’ landscape. Indeed many of the buildings which consume most land - such as cinemas,
supermarkets, theatres, warehouses or libraries - have no need to be on the surface since they do not need windows.
5. There are big advantages too, when it comes to private homes. A development of 194 houses which would take
up 14 hectares of land above ground would occupy 2,7 hectares below it, while the number of roads would be
halved. Under several metres of earth, noise is minimal and insulation is excellent.
6. In the US, where energy-efficient homes became popular after oil crisis of 1973, 10,000 underground houses
have been built. A terrace of five homes, Britain’s first subterranean development, is under way in Nottinghamshire.
Italy’s outstanding example of subterranean architecture is the Olivetti residential centre in Ivrea. Commissioned by
Roberto Olivetti in 1969, it comprises 82 one-bedroomed apartments and 12 maisonettes and forms a house-hotel
for Olivetti employees. It is built into a hill and little can be seen from outside except a glass facade. Patricia
Vallecchi, a resident since 1992, says it is little different from living in a conventional apartment.
7. Not everyone adapts so well, and in Japan scientists at the Shimuzu Corporation have developed ‘space creation’
systems which mix light, sounds, breezes and scents to stimulate people who spend long periods below ground.
Underground offices in Japan are being equipped with ‘virtual’ windows and mirrors, while underground
departments in the University of Minnesota have periscopes to reflect views and light.
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