Cefr practice reading tests complete the text true or false

Q1 
Q2 
Q3 
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CEFR READING PART PRACTICE – MATCHING HEADINGS 
Read the text and put headings from the statements A-H.
There is 
one
 extra heading that you do not need.
 
 
 
TASK 10
 
 
 
HEADINGS: 
A) Stages of sleep 
B) The purpose of sleep 
C) How to overcome sleep-related problems 
D) Average amount of sleep 
E) What causes insomnia 
F) Reasons for sleep disorders 
G) Sleep helps to remain healthy 
H) How some hormone works 
1. It is estimated that the average man or woman needs between seven-and-a-half and eight flours' sleep a night. Some can 
manage on a lot less. Baroness Thatcher, for example, was reported to be able to get by on four hours' sleep a night when she 
was Prime Minister of Britain. Dr Jill Wilkinson, senior lecturer in psychology at Surrey University states that healthy 
individuals sleeping less than five hours or even as little as two hours in every 24 hours are rare, but represent a sizeable 
minority. 
2. The latest beliefs are that the main purposes of sleep are to enable the body to rest and replenish, allowing time for repairs to 
take place and for tissue to be regenerated. One supporting piece of evidence for this rest-and-repair theory is that production 
of the growth hormone somatotropin, which helps tissue to regenerate, peaks while we are asleep. Lack of sleep, however, can 
compromise the immune system, muddle thinking, cause depression, promote anxiety and encourage irritability. 
3. Researchers in San Diego deprived a group of men of sleep between 3am and 7am on just one night, and found that levels of 
their bodies' natural defences against viral infections had fallen significantly when measured the following morning. 'Sleep is 
essential for our physical and emotional well-being and there are few aspects of daily living that are not disrupted by the lack 
of it', says Professor William Regelson of Virginia University, a specialist in insomnia. 'Because it can seriously undermine the 
functioning of the immune system, sufferers are vulnerable to infection.' 
4. For many people, lack of sleep is rarely a matter of choice. Some have problems getting to sleep, others with staying asleep 
until the morning. Despite popular belief that sleep is one long event, research shows that, in an average night, there are five 
stages of sleep and four cycles, during which the sequence of stages is repeated. In the first light phase, the heart rate and 
blood pressure go down and the muscles relax. In the next two stages, sleep gets progressively deeper. In stage four, usually 
reached after an hour, the slumber is so deep that, if awoken, the sleeper would be confused and disorientated. It is in this 
phase that sleep-walking can occur. In the fifth stage, the rapid eye movement (REM) stage, the heartbeat quickly gets back to 
normal levels, brain activity accelerates to daytime heights and above and the eyes move constantly beneath closed lids. 
During this stage, the body is almost paralysed. This phase is also the time when we dream. 
 
5. Sleeping patterns change with age, which is why many people over 60 develop insomnia. In America, that age group 
consumes almost half of the sleep medication on the market. One theory for the age-related change is that it is due to hormonal 
changes. The temperature rise occurs at daybreak in the young, but at three or four in the morning in the elderly. Age aside, it 
is estimated that roughly one in three people suffer some kind of sleep disturbance. Causes can be anything from pregnancy 
and stress to alcohol and heart disease. Smoking is a known handicap to sleep, with one survey showing that ex-smokers got to 
sleep In 18 minutes rather than their earlier average of 52 minutes. 
6. Apart from self-help therapy such as regular exercise, there are psychological treatments, including relaxation training and 
therapy aimed at getting rid of pre-sleep worries and anxieties. There is also sleep reduction therapy, where the aim is to 
improve sleep quality by strictly regulating the time people go to bed and when they gel up. Medication is regarded by many 
as a last resort and often takes the form of sleeping pills, normally benzodiazepines, which are minor tranquillisers. 
7. Professor Regelson advocates the use of melatonin for treating sleep disorders. Melatonin is a naturally secreted hormone, 
located in the pineal gland deep inside the brain. The main function of the hormone is to control the body's biological clock, so 
we know when to sleep and when to wake. The gland detects light reaching it through the eye; when there is no light, it 
secretes the melatonin into the bloodstream, lowering the body temperature and helping to induce steep, Melatonin pills 
contain a synthetic version of the hormone and are commonly used for jet lag as well as for sleep disturbance.