Anaesthesia and Analgesia considerations
Common Complications
Anaesthesia of a patient with gastric dilation volvulus (GDV) can be very challenging. They often have many problems with the cardiovascular system and respiratory system, as well as acid base disorders and severe pain. As already discussed, early preparation is very important.
Likely complications include:
• Hypotension - hypovolaemia, shock, sepsis
• Arrhythmias
• Hypoventilation
• Pain
• Acid Base Disorders
• Regurgitation
Oxygen should be provided by face mask if possible. If this is not tolerated, flow by techniques can be used. Analgesia should be rapidly provided. Methadone is a licensed drug and easily available. In critical patents it is wise to use lower doses and titrate up to effect as they may have a more pronounced effect on collapsed animals. Methadone 0.2mg/kg very slow IV
The cardiovascular status should be assessed by ausculating the chest, feeling peripheral pulse quality and taking a blood pressure reading. An ECG monitor should be attached to look for any arrhythmias that might be present. Does the heart rate match the pulse rate? Are there any pulse deficits?
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