1.1.Using Communicative activities to develop English speaking ability of young learners. Definition of Speaking. Communicative Approach. Speaking is "the process of building and sharing meaning through the use of verbal and non-verbal symbols, in a variety of contexts" [9:13]. Speaking is a crucial part of second language learning and teaching. Despite its importance, for many years, teaching speaking has been undervalued and English language teachers have continued to teach speaking just as a repetition of drills or memorization of dialogues. However, today's world requires that the goal of teaching speaking should improve students' communicative skills, because, only in that way, students can express themselves and learn how to follow the social and cultural rules appropriate in each communicative circumstance.
Speaking fluency activities
One of the main requirements of modern teaching methodology is that EFL teachers should create an English speaking environment where students have real-life communication, activities, and tasks that promote oral language. This will occur when learners collaborate in small and big groups to complete a task and to achieve a goal. The ability to communicate in a second language clearly, fluently and efficiently contributes to the success of the learners in school and success in their future life. Therefore, it is essential that language teachers pay considerable attention to teaching speaking, rather than leading the students to pure memorization, providing a rich environment where meaningful communication takes place is desired. In this regard the present article defines and describes main types of speaking activities which can be used in English classes for developing fluency. The article also presetns the analysis of those speaking activities and shows which of them are more preferable by English language teachers.
In designing speaking activities or instructional materials for second language or foreign-language teaching, it is also important to recognize the very different functions speaking performs in daily communication and the different purposes for which the students need speaking skills.
The following speaking fluency activities make use of repetition and rehearsal and are discreet activities.It is also possible for theme-based work over several days to develop into fluency development opportunities. One of the most effective speaking activities are role plays, drama, discussion, jigsaw activities, simulations, debates etc.
