Education of the republic of uzbekistan state world languages university english faculty

Conclusion
Affixation is the formation of words with the help of derivational affixes. Affixation is subdivided into prefixation and suffixation. Ex. if a prefix «dis» is added to the stem «like» (dislike) or suffix «ful» to «law» (lawful) we say a word is built by an affixation. Derivational morphemes added before the stem of a word are called prefixes (Ex. un+ like) and the derivational morphemes added after the stem of the word are called suffixes (hand+ ful). Prefixes modify the lexical meaning of the stem meaning i. e. the prefixed derivative mostly belongs to the same part of speech. Ex. like (v.) - dislike (v.).kind (adj.) - unkind (adj.) but suffixes transfer words to a different part of speech, ex. teach (v.) - teacher (n.). But new investigations into the problem of prefixation in English showed interesting results. It appears that the traditional opinion, current among linguists that prefixes modify only the lexical meaning of words without changing the part of speech is not quite correct. In English there are about 25 prefixes which can transfer words to a different part of speech. Ex. - head (n) - behead (v), bus(n) - debus(v), brown (adj) - embrown(u), title(n) - entitle(v), large (adj). - enlarge (v), camp(n). - encamp(u), war(n). - prewar (adj). If it is so we can say that there is no functional difference between suffixes and prefixes. Besides there are linguists¹ who treat prefixes as a part of word-composition. They think that a prefix has.he same function as the first component of a compound word. Other linguists² consider prefixes as derivational affixes which differ essentially from root-morphemes and stems. From the point of view of their origin affixes may be native and borrowed. The suffixes-ness, - ish, - dom, - ful, - less, - ship and prefixes be-, mis-, un-, fore-, etc are of native origin. But the affixes - able, - ment, - ation, - ism, - ist, re-, anti-, dis-, etc are of borrowed origin. They came from the Greek, Latin and French languages. Many of the suffixes and prefixes of native origin were independent words. In the course of time they have lost their independence and turned into derivational affixes. Ex. - dom, - hood. /O.E. had - state, rank, - dom (dom condemn, - ship has developed from noun «scipe» (meaning: state); the adjective forming suffix «-ly» has developed from the noun «lic» (body, shape). The prefixes out-, under-, over etc also have developed out of independent words.